钒合金与钢异种材料焊接研究现状分析
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摘要
以钎焊、压焊和熔焊为研究主体,综述了钒合金与钢的连接技术研究进展。现有的研究成果表明,钒合金与钢的连接存在着很大的难度,材料表面氧化膜、结合界面形成的脆性金属间化合物是影响接头性能的关键。解决的有效途径是:选择合适的中间层材料,如Au-Ni,V,Nb等,可以很好地润湿钒合金与钢以提高接头性能;采用爆炸焊或摩擦焊的固相连接手段,避免金属的熔化;采用熔化低熔点金属润湿-钎接高熔点金属的方法精确控制材料之间的反应,将产生金属间化合物的可能性降至最低,以实现异种金属间的可靠连接。
The research status of welding technology of vanadium alloy to steel was summarized by taking the brazing,pressure welding and fusion welding as the main study body.The present results show that the oxidation film on the material surface and the brittle intermetallic compounds formed in the welding process are the key factors to influence the joint properties.The effective solution methods were proposed.It was found that the proper filler materials such as Au - Ni,V,Nd,and so on exhibit good wettability with vanadium alloy on stainless steel,which help to improve the weld quality.The metallurgical bonded joints were developed by several solid - state joining,such as explosive welding or friction welding.In order to minimize the formation of intermetallics,the reaction between liquid metal and solid metal can be precisely controlled by brazing the stainless steel with the lower melting point to the vanadium alloy with higher melting point.
The research status of welding technology of vanadium alloy to steel was summarized by taking the brazing,pressure welding and fusion welding as the main study body.The present results show that the oxidation film on the material surface and the brittle intermetallic compounds formed in the welding process are the key factors to influence the joint properties.The effective solution methods were proposed.It was found that the proper filler materials such as Au - Ni,V,Nd,and so on exhibit good wettability with vanadium alloy on stainless steel,which help to improve the weld quality.The metallurgical bonded joints were developed by several solid - state joining,such as explosive welding or friction welding.In order to minimize the formation of intermetallics,the reaction between liquid metal and solid metal can be precisely controlled by brazing the stainless steel with the lower melting point to the vanadium alloy with higher melting point.
引文
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[24]冯吉才,王亚荣,张忠典.镁合金焊接技术的研究现状及应用[J].中国有色金属学报,2005,15(2):165- 178.
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[26]Evtikhin V A,Lyublinski I E,Vertkov A V.Compatibility of vanadium alloys and its weld joints in homogeneous and heterogeneous liquid lithium systems[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,1998,258 -263:1487-1491.
[2]Muroga T,Nagasaka T,Abe K,et al.Vanadium alloys-overview and recent results[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2002,307 -311:547 -554.
[3]Rai R,Elmer J W,Palmer T A,et al.Heat transfer and fluid flow during keyhole mode laser welding of tantalum,Ti - 6Al - 4V,304L stainless steel and vanadium[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2007,40:5753 -5766.
[4]Kurtz R J,Abe K,Chernov V M,et al.Recent progress on development of Vanadium alloy for fussion[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2004,329-333:47 -55.
[5]李增德,崔舜,林晨光,等.聚变用V-Cr-Ti合金的研究现状与展望[J].稀有金属,2007,31(6):840—845.
[6]Fukumoto K,Matsui H,Narui M,et al.Manufacturing pressurized creep tubes from highly purified V - 4Cr - 4Ti alloys,NIFS - Heat[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2004,335:103-107.
[7]Nagasaka T,Muroga T,Grossbeck M L,et al.Effects of post-weld heat treatment conditions on hardness,microstruc-tures and impact properties of vanadium alloys[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2002,307 - 311:1595 - 1599.
[8]Smith D L,Billone M C,Natesan K.Vanadium-base alloys for fusion first - wall/blanket applications[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials,2000,18: 213 -224.
[9]Hoelzer D T,West M K,Zinkle S J,et al.Solute interac- tions in pure vanadium and V -4Cr -4Ti alloy[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2000,283 -287:616 -621.
[10]Nishimura A,Iwahori A,Heo N J,et al.Effect of precipitation and solution behavior of impurities on mechanical properties of low activation vanadium alloy[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2004,329 -333:438 -441.
[11]冯吉才,王廷,张秉刚,等.异种材料真空电子束焊接研究现状分析[J].焊接学报,2009,30(10):108-112.
[12]顾钰熹.特种工程材料焊接[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1998:456—466.
[13]方洪渊,冯吉才.材料连接过程中的界面行为[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2005:125—133.
[14]李亚江,王娟,刘鹏.异种难焊材料的焊接及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003:1—3.
[15]Xu Z Y,Natesan K,Reed C B,et al.Procedure development of laser welding of V - 4Cr - 4Ti alloy[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials,2000, 18:231 -236.
[16]张启运,庄鸿寿.钎焊手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2008:497—499.
[17]Atoji M,Gagola L J.Metallurgically-bonded joint between vanadium and stainless-steel for dewar construction[J]. Cryogenics,1973(1):52 -53.
[18]Steward R V,Grossbeck M L,Chin B A,et al.Furnace brazing type 304 stainless steel to vanadium alloy[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2000,283 -287:1224 - 1228.
[19]Gan Y X,Aglan H A,Steward R V,et al.Microstructure - fracture toughness relationship of vanadium alloy/stainless ??steel brazed joints[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2001, 299:157-164.
[20]Gan Y X,Aglan H A,Steward R V,et al.Fatigue failure mechanisms of vanadium alloy/stainless steel brazed joints [J].Journal of Materials Science Letters,2001,20:1909 -1911.
[21]Smith J P,Johnson W R,Trester P W.Metallurgical bonding development of V - 4Cr - 4Ti alloy for the DIII - D radiative divertor program[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials, 1998,258-263:1420-1424.
[22]沈世瑶.焊接方法及设备(第3分册)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982.
[23]孟庆森,王文先,吴志生.金属材料焊接基础[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.56—258.
[24]冯吉才,王亚荣,张忠典.镁合金焊接技术的研究现状及应用[J].中国有色金属学报,2005,15(2):165- 178.
[25]刘中青.异种金属焊接技术指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1997.
[26]Evtikhin V A,Lyublinski I E,Vertkov A V.Compatibility of vanadium alloys and its weld joints in homogeneous and heterogeneous liquid lithium systems[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,1998,258 -263:1487-1491.