增施CO_2对温室番茄结果期叶片光合特性的影响
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摘要
针对日光温室冬春季生产CO_2匮缺严重的现象,以不增施CO_2[(400±25)μmol·mol~(-1)(C0)]为对照,研究增施不同浓度CO_2[(600±25)μmol·mol~(-1)(C_1)、(800±25)μmol·mol~(-1)(C_2)、(1000±25)μmol·mol~(-1)(C_3)]对番茄‘兴海12号’结果期光合色素、净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)以及水分利用率(WUE)等光合特性的影响,旨在明确北方地区日光温室番茄结果期适宜的CO_2浓度,为番茄的生产实践提供理论依据。结果表明:增施不同浓度CO_2后,番茄结果期叶片光合色素含量均明显增加;P_n、C_i和WUE显著提高;G_s和T_r显著下降;且CO_2浓度为(1000±25)μmol·mol~(-1)时效果最佳。增施(1000±25)μmol·mol~(-1)CO_2能有效改善番茄结果期叶片光系统、增强其光合作用,有利于番茄的生长发育。
There is an acute shortage of CO_2 for winter and spring production of tomato in solar greenhouse. Here,we explored the effects of CO_2 enrichment on the photosynthetic pigment content,net photosynthetic rate( Pn),stomatal conductance( Gs),transpiration rate( Tr),intercellular CO_2 concentration( Ci) and water use efficiency( WUE) of tomato cultivar‘Xinghai12',to identify the suitable CO_2 concentration for tomato growth during fruiting stage and finally to provide theoretical basis for tomato production in solar greenhouse of north China. Four treatments with different CO_2 concentrations were applied in this study:( 400 ± 25) μmol·mol~(-1) as control( without CO_2 enrichment,C_0),( 600±25) μmol·mol~(-1)( C_1),( 800±25) μmol·mol~(-1)( C+2),and( 1000 ±25) μmol·mol~(-1)( C_3). The results showed that CO_2 enrichment notably increased the photosynthetic pigment contents of tomato during fruiting stage. Pn,Ciand WUE were significantly improved,while Gsand Trwere significantly decreased. In addition,the C_3 treatment showed the strongest effects. It was therefore concluded that CO_2 enrichment of( 1000±25) μmol·mol~(-1) could effectively improve the photosynthetic system of leaves and increase the photosynthesis of greenhouse tomato plants during fruiting stage,and thus would facilitate the growth and development of tomato.
There is an acute shortage of CO_2 for winter and spring production of tomato in solar greenhouse. Here,we explored the effects of CO_2 enrichment on the photosynthetic pigment content,net photosynthetic rate( Pn),stomatal conductance( Gs),transpiration rate( Tr),intercellular CO_2 concentration( Ci) and water use efficiency( WUE) of tomato cultivar‘Xinghai12',to identify the suitable CO_2 concentration for tomato growth during fruiting stage and finally to provide theoretical basis for tomato production in solar greenhouse of north China. Four treatments with different CO_2 concentrations were applied in this study:( 400 ± 25) μmol·mol~(-1) as control( without CO_2 enrichment,C_0),( 600±25) μmol·mol~(-1)( C_1),( 800±25) μmol·mol~(-1)( C+2),and( 1000 ±25) μmol·mol~(-1)( C_3). The results showed that CO_2 enrichment notably increased the photosynthetic pigment contents of tomato during fruiting stage. Pn,Ciand WUE were significantly improved,while Gsand Trwere significantly decreased. In addition,the C_3 treatment showed the strongest effects. It was therefore concluded that CO_2 enrichment of( 1000±25) μmol·mol~(-1) could effectively improve the photosynthetic system of leaves and increase the photosynthesis of greenhouse tomato plants during fruiting stage,and thus would facilitate the growth and development of tomato.
引文
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高宇,崔世茂,宋阳,等.2017a.CO2加富对不同砧木嫁接黄瓜农艺性状及净光合速率的影响.长江蔬菜,(4):65-70.
高宇,崔世茂,宋阳,等.2017b.CO2加富对温室辣椒幼苗生长及光合特性的影响.作物杂志,(5):80-84.
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郝兴宇,李萍,林而达,等.2010.大气CO2浓度升高对谷子生长发育与光合生理的影响.核农学报,24(3):589-593.
景立权,赖上坤,王云霞,等.2016.大气CO2浓度和温度互作对水稻生长发育的影响.生态学报,36(14):4254-4265.
李清明,刘彬彬,艾希珍.2010.CO2浓度倍增对干旱胁迫下黄瓜幼苗膜脂过氧化及抗氧化系统的影响.生态学报,30(22):6063-6071.
刘志华,蒋海燕,程建峰.2009.CO2肥对保护地茄果类蔬菜光合作用和产量形成的效应.安徽农学通报,15(5):81-83,87.
潘璐,刘杰才,李晓静,等.2014.高温和加富CO2温室中黄瓜Rubisco活化酶与光合作用的关系.园艺学报,14(8):1591-1600.
孙小玲,许岳飞,马鲁沂,等.2010.植株叶片的光合色素构成对遮阴的响应.植物生态学报,34(8):989-999.
王晨光,郝兴宇,李红英,等.2015.CO2浓度升高对大豆光合作用和叶绿素荧光的影响.核农学报,29(8):1583-1588.
魏珉,邢禹贤,王秀峰,等.2003.日光温室CO2浓度变化规律研究.应用生态学报,14(3):354-358.
熊珺,曲英华,范冰琳,等.2015.不同CO2浓度下番茄苗期及果期的光合特性.北方园艺,(9):6-9.
杨连新,王云霞,朱建国,等.2010.开放式空气中CO2浓度增高(FACE)对水稻生长和发育的影响.生态学报,30(6):1573-1585.
杨志刚,崔世茂,胡栓红,等.2017.长期CO2加富对日光温室秋冬茬甜椒光合生理及低温适应性的影响.北方园艺,(13):84-90.
余海云.2013.茶树不同冠层叶片光合作用特性及其季节变化特性的研究(硕士学位论文).杭州:中国农业科学院.
袁蕊,聂磊云,郝兴宇,等.2017.大气CO2浓度升高对辣椒光合作用及相关生理特征的影响.生态学杂志,36(12):3510-3516.
袁会敏,周健民,段增强,等.2009.CO2浓度升高与增施钾肥对黄瓜生长的影响.土壤,41(6):869-874.
张立军,樊金娟.2007.植物生理学实验教程.北京:中国农业大学出版社:94-96.
张文标,张硕,屠伟杰,等.2011.农业有机废弃物发酵CO2施肥对大棚黄瓜生长及品质的影响.浙江农业学报,23(4):736-740.
周宁,沈士博,景立权,等.2016.自由空气中CO2浓度和温度增高对粳稻叶片光合作用日变化的影响.生态学杂志,35(9):2404-2416.
Duarte B,Santos D,Silva H,et al.2014.Photochemical and biophysical feedbacks of C3and C4Mediterranean halophytes to atmospheric CO2enrichment confirmed by their stable isotope signatures.Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,80:10-22.
Elizabeth AA,Alistair R.2007.The response of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to rising[CO2]:Mechanisms and environmental interactions.Plant,Cell and Environment,30:258-270.
Hugo AP,Jose VS,Laurcio E,et al.2004.Leaf gas ex-change,chloroplastic pigments and dry matter accumulation in castor bean(Ricinus communis L.)seedlings subjected to salt stress conditions.Industrial Crops and Products,27:385-392.
Jin CW,Du ST,Wang YE,et al.2009.Carbon dioxide enrichment by composting in greenhouse and its effect on vegetable production.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science,172:418-424.
Long SP,Ainsworth EA,Rogers A,et al.2004.Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide:Plants FACE the future.Annual Review of Plant Biology,55:591-628.
高宇,崔世茂,宋阳,等.2017a.CO2加富对不同砧木嫁接黄瓜农艺性状及净光合速率的影响.长江蔬菜,(4):65-70.
高宇,崔世茂,宋阳,等.2017b.CO2加富对温室辣椒幼苗生长及光合特性的影响.作物杂志,(5):80-84.
郝兴宇,韩雪,李萍,等.2011.大气CO2浓度升高对绿豆叶片光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数的影响.应用生态学报,22(10):2776-2780.
郝兴宇,李萍,林而达,等.2010.大气CO2浓度升高对谷子生长发育与光合生理的影响.核农学报,24(3):589-593.
景立权,赖上坤,王云霞,等.2016.大气CO2浓度和温度互作对水稻生长发育的影响.生态学报,36(14):4254-4265.
李清明,刘彬彬,艾希珍.2010.CO2浓度倍增对干旱胁迫下黄瓜幼苗膜脂过氧化及抗氧化系统的影响.生态学报,30(22):6063-6071.
刘志华,蒋海燕,程建峰.2009.CO2肥对保护地茄果类蔬菜光合作用和产量形成的效应.安徽农学通报,15(5):81-83,87.
潘璐,刘杰才,李晓静,等.2014.高温和加富CO2温室中黄瓜Rubisco活化酶与光合作用的关系.园艺学报,14(8):1591-1600.
孙小玲,许岳飞,马鲁沂,等.2010.植株叶片的光合色素构成对遮阴的响应.植物生态学报,34(8):989-999.
王晨光,郝兴宇,李红英,等.2015.CO2浓度升高对大豆光合作用和叶绿素荧光的影响.核农学报,29(8):1583-1588.
魏珉,邢禹贤,王秀峰,等.2003.日光温室CO2浓度变化规律研究.应用生态学报,14(3):354-358.
熊珺,曲英华,范冰琳,等.2015.不同CO2浓度下番茄苗期及果期的光合特性.北方园艺,(9):6-9.
杨连新,王云霞,朱建国,等.2010.开放式空气中CO2浓度增高(FACE)对水稻生长和发育的影响.生态学报,30(6):1573-1585.
杨志刚,崔世茂,胡栓红,等.2017.长期CO2加富对日光温室秋冬茬甜椒光合生理及低温适应性的影响.北方园艺,(13):84-90.
余海云.2013.茶树不同冠层叶片光合作用特性及其季节变化特性的研究(硕士学位论文).杭州:中国农业科学院.
袁蕊,聂磊云,郝兴宇,等.2017.大气CO2浓度升高对辣椒光合作用及相关生理特征的影响.生态学杂志,36(12):3510-3516.
袁会敏,周健民,段增强,等.2009.CO2浓度升高与增施钾肥对黄瓜生长的影响.土壤,41(6):869-874.
张立军,樊金娟.2007.植物生理学实验教程.北京:中国农业大学出版社:94-96.
张文标,张硕,屠伟杰,等.2011.农业有机废弃物发酵CO2施肥对大棚黄瓜生长及品质的影响.浙江农业学报,23(4):736-740.
周宁,沈士博,景立权,等.2016.自由空气中CO2浓度和温度增高对粳稻叶片光合作用日变化的影响.生态学杂志,35(9):2404-2416.
Duarte B,Santos D,Silva H,et al.2014.Photochemical and biophysical feedbacks of C3and C4Mediterranean halophytes to atmospheric CO2enrichment confirmed by their stable isotope signatures.Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,80:10-22.
Elizabeth AA,Alistair R.2007.The response of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to rising[CO2]:Mechanisms and environmental interactions.Plant,Cell and Environment,30:258-270.
Hugo AP,Jose VS,Laurcio E,et al.2004.Leaf gas ex-change,chloroplastic pigments and dry matter accumulation in castor bean(Ricinus communis L.)seedlings subjected to salt stress conditions.Industrial Crops and Products,27:385-392.
Jin CW,Du ST,Wang YE,et al.2009.Carbon dioxide enrichment by composting in greenhouse and its effect on vegetable production.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science,172:418-424.
Long SP,Ainsworth EA,Rogers A,et al.2004.Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide:Plants FACE the future.Annual Review of Plant Biology,55:591-628.