增施CO_2对温室葡萄产量、可溶性固形物含量及霜霉病的影响
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摘要
以"维多利亚"葡萄为试材,研究了在温室中增施1 200mg·L~(-1) CO_2对葡萄的产量、可溶性固形物含量及霜霉病发病情况的影响。结果表明:在温室条件下增施1 200mg·L~(-1) CO_2,"维多利亚"葡萄提前8d采收;与不增施CO_2相比,葡萄横径增加了35.07%、纵径增加了7.37%、平均单粒质量增加了17.39%、前期商品果产量增加了24.88%、商品果总产量增加了46.14%,可溶性固形物含量增加了20.61%,差异极显著;葡萄霜霉病害发病率及发病指数降低了50%以上,防控效果显著。说明在温室条件下增施CO_2可使葡萄提早采收,显著增加葡萄产量及可溶性固形物含量,降低霜霉病的发生。
‘Victoria'grape was taken as mateiral,the effect of 1 200 mg·L~(-1) CO_2 enrichment on yield,soluble solids content and downy mildew of grape were studied in greenhouse.The results showed that when CO_2 concentration was incresed 1 200 mg·L~(-1) in greenhouse,‘Victoria'fruits were harvested 8 days in advance;compared with no increasing CO_2,the transverse diameter of greenhouse grapes was increased by 35.07%,the longitudinal diameter by 7.37%,the average single grain weight by17.39%,the yield of commercial fruits by 24.88%,the total yield of commercial fruits by 46.14%,the soluble solids content by 20.61%,the difference was very significant;the incidence and incidence index of grape downy mildew were decreased by more than 50%,the control effect was significant.So increasing CO_2 application in greenhouse,grape harvest was early,yield and soluble solids content were significantly improved,downy mildew was dreased.
‘Victoria'grape was taken as mateiral,the effect of 1 200 mg·L~(-1) CO_2 enrichment on yield,soluble solids content and downy mildew of grape were studied in greenhouse.The results showed that when CO_2 concentration was incresed 1 200 mg·L~(-1) in greenhouse,‘Victoria'fruits were harvested 8 days in advance;compared with no increasing CO_2,the transverse diameter of greenhouse grapes was increased by 35.07%,the longitudinal diameter by 7.37%,the average single grain weight by17.39%,the yield of commercial fruits by 24.88%,the total yield of commercial fruits by 46.14%,the soluble solids content by 20.61%,the difference was very significant;the incidence and incidence index of grape downy mildew were decreased by more than 50%,the control effect was significant.So increasing CO_2 application in greenhouse,grape harvest was early,yield and soluble solids content were significantly improved,downy mildew was dreased.
引文
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[2]王天水.日光温室CO2气肥技术应用与对策[J].山西农业科学,2006,34(2):49-51.
[3]李远新,陈殿奎.保护地黄瓜对增施CO2的生理生态反应[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2000,31(1):86-88.
[4]张颖,王金春,薛庆林,等.设施栽培中CO2施肥技术的应用[J].华北农学报,2006,21(增刊):109-113.
[5]孙潜,崔世茂,宋阳,等.内保温日光温室性能及增施二氧化碳对黄瓜生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(9):121-125.
[6]高宇,崔世茂,宋阳,等.CO2加富对不同砧木嫁接黄瓜幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].北方农业学报,2017(1):116-120.
[7]王玉静,崔世茂,方浩,等.CO2加富、高温处理对温室黄瓜幼苗质膜透性和保护酶活性的影响[J].华北农学报,2012,27(1):159-160.
[8]刘杰才,崔世茂,吴玉峰,等.CO2加富下空气湿度调控对高温大棚嫁接黄瓜逆境生理的影响[J].华北农学报,2012,29(1):113-118.
[9]蒲富慎.果树种质资源描述符[M].北京:中国农业出版社2008(11):134-148.
[10]MADSEN E.Effect of CO2 concentration on growth and fiuit production of tomato plants[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B,1974(24):242-246.
[11]FRYDRYCH J.Factors affecting photo synthetic productivity of sweet pepper and tomato grown in CO2enriched atmosphere[J].Plant Physiol,1984,62:95-101.
[12]姚刚,张胜.施用CO2对保护地番茄生长发育及产量的影响[J].内蒙古农业科技,1998(6):3348.
[13]PIERIK R,KEUSKAMP D H,SASIDHARENS R,et al.Light quality controlsshoot elongation through regulation of multiple hormones[J].Plant Signalling&Behavior,2009,4(8):755-756.
[14]HEIJDE M,ULM R.UV-B photoreceptor-mediated signalling inplants[J].Trends in Plant Science,2012(17):230-237.