共享孔径超表面设计及其在提升波导缝隙天线辐射和散射性能中的应用
|
摘要
根据平面阵列散射理论和天线共享孔径思想,提出了一种由完美吸波体(PMA)和人工磁导体(AMC)交错构成的共享孔径超表面(SA-MS),可在同一孔径面上同时实现对电磁波的吸收和相位对消。仿真结果表明由于吸波频段与相位对消频段的级联,该SA-MS相比理想导电体(PEC)、PMA、AMC-PEC具有宽带雷达散射截面(RCS)减缩效果。而后将该SA-MS与波导缝隙天线一体化设计并加工,仿真与实测结果表明:与金属面天线相比,SA-MS天线增益提升了3.3dB,同时RCS在5.52~7.51GHz范围内的减缩在6dB以上,减缩带宽达到30.5%,x、y极化条件下最大减缩量分别达到20.5dB和20.2dB,验证了设计的SA-MS对天线的辐射和散射性能均有提升。
Based on the theory of planar array scattering and the idea of antenna shared aperture,this paper proposes a design of shared aperture metasurface(SA-MS)composed by perfect metamaterial absorber(PMA)and artificial magnetic conductor(AMC)in stagger arrangement The SA-MS not only can achieve wave-absorbing,but also has the function of phase counteraction.The simulation results indicate that the SA-MS can achieve broadband radar cross section(RCS)reduction compared with the surface of perfect electronic conductor(PEC),PMA and PEC-AMC due to cascade connection of frequency band between PMA and AMC.Then the SA-MS and waveguide slot antenna are integrated and fabricated.The simulation and measured results show that the gain of proposed antenna increases by 3.3dB compared with the reference antenna.At the same time,the RCS of SA-MS antenna is reduced by more than 6dB at therange of 5.52-7.51 GHz,and the relative bandwidth is 30.5%.The largest RCS reduction reaches 20.5dB and 20.2dB on the condition of xpolarization and y polarization respectively.The SA-MS can improve both the radiation and scattering performance of the antenna.
Based on the theory of planar array scattering and the idea of antenna shared aperture,this paper proposes a design of shared aperture metasurface(SA-MS)composed by perfect metamaterial absorber(PMA)and artificial magnetic conductor(AMC)in stagger arrangement The SA-MS not only can achieve wave-absorbing,but also has the function of phase counteraction.The simulation results indicate that the SA-MS can achieve broadband radar cross section(RCS)reduction compared with the surface of perfect electronic conductor(PEC),PMA and PEC-AMC due to cascade connection of frequency band between PMA and AMC.Then the SA-MS and waveguide slot antenna are integrated and fabricated.The simulation and measured results show that the gain of proposed antenna increases by 3.3dB compared with the reference antenna.At the same time,the RCS of SA-MS antenna is reduced by more than 6dB at therange of 5.52-7.51 GHz,and the relative bandwidth is 30.5%.The largest RCS reduction reaches 20.5dB and 20.2dB on the condition of xpolarization and y polarization respectively.The SA-MS can improve both the radiation and scattering performance of the antenna.
引文
[1]KNIGHT J C,BROENG J,BIRKS T A,et al.Photonic Band Gap Guidance in Optical Fiber[J].Science,1998,282(5393):1476-1478.
[2]龚琦,张帅,龚书喜,等.利用高阻抗表面减缩天线雷达散射截面的新方法[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2012,39(3):134-140.GONG Q,ZHANG S,GONG S X,et al.Application of the High Impedence Surface for RCS Reduction of the Antenna[J].Journal of Xidian University,2012,39(3):134-140.(in Chinese)
[3]ZHOU H,HONG W,TIAN L,et al.A Polarization-rotating SIW Reflective Surface with Two Sharp Band Edges[J].IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2016(15):401-403.
[4]韩江枫,曹祥玉,高军,等.一种基于超材料的宽带、反射型90°极化旋转体设计[J].物理学报,2016,65(4):044201.HAN J F,CAO X Y,GAO J,et al.Design of Broadband Reflective 90°Polarization Rotator Based on Metamaterial[J].Acta Phys Sin,2016,65(4):044201.(in Chinese)
[5]YANG W C,TAM K W,CHOI W W,et al.Novel Polarization Rotation Technique Based on an Artificial Magnetic Conductor and Its Application in a Lowprofile Circular Polarization Antenna[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2014,62(12):6206-6216.
[6]JIA Y T,LIU Y,JAY G,et al.Broadband Polarization Rotation Reflective Surfaces and Their Applications to RCS Reduction[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propogation,2016,64(1):179-188.
[7]ZHAO Y,CAO X Y,GAO J,et al.Jigsaw Puzzle Metasurface for Multiple Functions:Polarization Conversion,Anomalous Reflection and Diffusion[J].Optical Society of America,2016,24(10):261803.
[8]ZHAO Y,CAO X Y,GAO J,et al.Broadband Diffusion Metasurface Based on a Single Anisotropic Element and Optimized by the Simulated Annealing Algorithm[J].Scientific Reports,2016(6):23896.
[9]MA H F,SHEN X P,CHENG Q,et al.Broadband and High-efficiency Conversion from Guided Waves to Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons[J].Laser and Photonics Review,2014,8(1):146-151.
[10]LI S J,CAO X Y,GAO J,et al.Polarization-insensitive Ultra-thin Quasi-metasurface Based on the Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons[J].Applied Physics A,2016,122:857.
[11]PAQUAY M,IRIARTE J C,EDERRA I,et al.Thin AMC Structure for Radar Cross Section Reduction[J].IEEE Trans.Antennas Propag,2007,55(12):3630-3638.
[12]ZHENG Y J,GAO J,CAO X Y,et al.Wideband RCS Reduction of a Microstrip Antenna Using Artificial Magnetic Conductor Structures[J].IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propogaiton Letters,2015(14):1582.
[13]王夫蔚,龚书喜,张鹏飞.结构型吸波材料在阵列天线RCS减缩中的应用[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2012,39(5):116-120.WANG F W,GONG S X,ZHANG P F.Radar Absorbing Material Applied to the RCS Reduction of Array Antennas[J].Journal of Xidian University,2012,39(5):116-120.(in Chinese)
[14]高军,张浩,曹祥玉,等.一种双频超薄吸波结构在微带天线中的应用[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2015,42(1):130-135.GAO J,ZHANG H,CAO X Y,et al.Dual-band Ultra-thin Metamaterail Absorber and Its Application in Reducing RCS of the Microstrip Antenna[J].Journal of Xidian University,2015,42(1):130-135.(in Chinese)
[15]XU Y Q,ZHOU P H,ZHANG H B,et al.A Wide-angle Planar Metamaterial Absorber Based on Split Ring Resonator Coupling[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2011,110(4):044102.
[16]LI L,YANG Y,LIANG C H.A Wide-angle Polarization-insensitive Ultra-thin Metamaterial Absorber with Three Resonant Modes[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2011,110(6):063702.
[17]CAO T,WEI C W,SIMPSON R E,et al.Broadband Polarization-independent Perfect Absorber Using a Phase-change Metamaterial at Visible Frequencies[J].Scientific Reports,2014(4):3955.
[18]LI S J,GAO J,CAO X Y,et al.Polarization-insensitive and Thin Stereo-metamaterial with Broadband Angular Absorption for the Oblique Incidence[J].Applied Physics A(Materials Science&Processing),2015,119(1):371-378.
[19]CHENG Y Z,NIE Y,GONG R Z.A Polarizationinsensitive and Omnidirectional Broadband Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on Coplanar Multisquares Films[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2013,48(10):415-421.
[20]LI S J,GAO J,CAO X Y,et al.Multiband and Broadband Polarization-insensitive Perfect Absorber Devices Based on a Tunable and Thin Double Splitring Metamaterial[J].Optics Express,2015,23(3):3523-3533.
[21]CHU Q X,MA H Q,ZHENG H L.Design of Shared Aperture Wideband Antennas Considering Band-Notch and Radiation Pattern Control[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2008,56(11):3391-3395.
[22]NAISHADHAM K,LI R L,YANG L,et al.A Shared-aperture Dual-band Planar Array with Selfsimilar Printed Folded Dipoles[J].IEEE Transaction on Antenna and Propagation,2013,61(2):606-613.
[2]龚琦,张帅,龚书喜,等.利用高阻抗表面减缩天线雷达散射截面的新方法[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2012,39(3):134-140.GONG Q,ZHANG S,GONG S X,et al.Application of the High Impedence Surface for RCS Reduction of the Antenna[J].Journal of Xidian University,2012,39(3):134-140.(in Chinese)
[3]ZHOU H,HONG W,TIAN L,et al.A Polarization-rotating SIW Reflective Surface with Two Sharp Band Edges[J].IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2016(15):401-403.
[4]韩江枫,曹祥玉,高军,等.一种基于超材料的宽带、反射型90°极化旋转体设计[J].物理学报,2016,65(4):044201.HAN J F,CAO X Y,GAO J,et al.Design of Broadband Reflective 90°Polarization Rotator Based on Metamaterial[J].Acta Phys Sin,2016,65(4):044201.(in Chinese)
[5]YANG W C,TAM K W,CHOI W W,et al.Novel Polarization Rotation Technique Based on an Artificial Magnetic Conductor and Its Application in a Lowprofile Circular Polarization Antenna[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2014,62(12):6206-6216.
[6]JIA Y T,LIU Y,JAY G,et al.Broadband Polarization Rotation Reflective Surfaces and Their Applications to RCS Reduction[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propogation,2016,64(1):179-188.
[7]ZHAO Y,CAO X Y,GAO J,et al.Jigsaw Puzzle Metasurface for Multiple Functions:Polarization Conversion,Anomalous Reflection and Diffusion[J].Optical Society of America,2016,24(10):261803.
[8]ZHAO Y,CAO X Y,GAO J,et al.Broadband Diffusion Metasurface Based on a Single Anisotropic Element and Optimized by the Simulated Annealing Algorithm[J].Scientific Reports,2016(6):23896.
[9]MA H F,SHEN X P,CHENG Q,et al.Broadband and High-efficiency Conversion from Guided Waves to Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons[J].Laser and Photonics Review,2014,8(1):146-151.
[10]LI S J,CAO X Y,GAO J,et al.Polarization-insensitive Ultra-thin Quasi-metasurface Based on the Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons[J].Applied Physics A,2016,122:857.
[11]PAQUAY M,IRIARTE J C,EDERRA I,et al.Thin AMC Structure for Radar Cross Section Reduction[J].IEEE Trans.Antennas Propag,2007,55(12):3630-3638.
[12]ZHENG Y J,GAO J,CAO X Y,et al.Wideband RCS Reduction of a Microstrip Antenna Using Artificial Magnetic Conductor Structures[J].IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propogaiton Letters,2015(14):1582.
[13]王夫蔚,龚书喜,张鹏飞.结构型吸波材料在阵列天线RCS减缩中的应用[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2012,39(5):116-120.WANG F W,GONG S X,ZHANG P F.Radar Absorbing Material Applied to the RCS Reduction of Array Antennas[J].Journal of Xidian University,2012,39(5):116-120.(in Chinese)
[14]高军,张浩,曹祥玉,等.一种双频超薄吸波结构在微带天线中的应用[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2015,42(1):130-135.GAO J,ZHANG H,CAO X Y,et al.Dual-band Ultra-thin Metamaterail Absorber and Its Application in Reducing RCS of the Microstrip Antenna[J].Journal of Xidian University,2015,42(1):130-135.(in Chinese)
[15]XU Y Q,ZHOU P H,ZHANG H B,et al.A Wide-angle Planar Metamaterial Absorber Based on Split Ring Resonator Coupling[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2011,110(4):044102.
[16]LI L,YANG Y,LIANG C H.A Wide-angle Polarization-insensitive Ultra-thin Metamaterial Absorber with Three Resonant Modes[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2011,110(6):063702.
[17]CAO T,WEI C W,SIMPSON R E,et al.Broadband Polarization-independent Perfect Absorber Using a Phase-change Metamaterial at Visible Frequencies[J].Scientific Reports,2014(4):3955.
[18]LI S J,GAO J,CAO X Y,et al.Polarization-insensitive and Thin Stereo-metamaterial with Broadband Angular Absorption for the Oblique Incidence[J].Applied Physics A(Materials Science&Processing),2015,119(1):371-378.
[19]CHENG Y Z,NIE Y,GONG R Z.A Polarizationinsensitive and Omnidirectional Broadband Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on Coplanar Multisquares Films[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2013,48(10):415-421.
[20]LI S J,GAO J,CAO X Y,et al.Multiband and Broadband Polarization-insensitive Perfect Absorber Devices Based on a Tunable and Thin Double Splitring Metamaterial[J].Optics Express,2015,23(3):3523-3533.
[21]CHU Q X,MA H Q,ZHENG H L.Design of Shared Aperture Wideband Antennas Considering Band-Notch and Radiation Pattern Control[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2008,56(11):3391-3395.
[22]NAISHADHAM K,LI R L,YANG L,et al.A Shared-aperture Dual-band Planar Array with Selfsimilar Printed Folded Dipoles[J].IEEE Transaction on Antenna and Propagation,2013,61(2):606-613.