一种改善Vienna整流器输入电流品质的载波钳位调制方法
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摘要
三相三电平Vienna整流器具有输入电流总谐波畸变率(THD)低、功率密度高、单位功率因数等优点,适用于高频三相功率因数校正场合。在器件开关暂态过程中,Vienna整流器的寄生电容和缓冲电路等非线性因素会造成交流侧端电压误差,给输入电流引入低频谐波,从而影响电流品质。为此,本文提出一种改善Vienna整流器输入电流品质的载波钳位调制方法,该方法考虑Vienna整流器电路非线性因素,对开关暂态过程和端电压误差进行分析,在电流过零时将端电压钳位到零电平,且可调节钳位区间大小,有效降低了端电压误差,提高了输入电流品质。通过仿真和实验对所提载波钳位调制方法和常规SPWM方法进行比较,结果表明:所提方法能在宽负载范围下降低输入电流低频谐波分量和总电流畸变率,验证了所提载波钳位调制方法的正确性和可行性。
The three-phase three-level Vienna rectifier is a very suitable power factor converter(PFC) because of its low total harmonic distortion(THD) of input current,high power density and unity power factor.However,during the transient turn-on/off progress,the nonlinear factors,such as snubber circuit and parasitic capacitance,will cause terminal voltage error and distort input current.Therefore,this paper proposed a carrier-based pulse-width modulation(CB-PWM) with clamped area.Considering the nonlinearity of Vienna rectifier,the switching transient progress and the terminal voltage error are analyzed.The CB-PWM method clamps the zero-crossing phase to the neutral-point within clamped angle,which reduces terminal voltage error and improves the input current quality.The conventional SPWM method and the proposed clamped CB-PWM method are compared by simulation and experiment.The results show that the lower-order current harmonics and current THD can be reduced,which verifies the proposed clamped CB-PWM method.
The three-phase three-level Vienna rectifier is a very suitable power factor converter(PFC) because of its low total harmonic distortion(THD) of input current,high power density and unity power factor.However,during the transient turn-on/off progress,the nonlinear factors,such as snubber circuit and parasitic capacitance,will cause terminal voltage error and distort input current.Therefore,this paper proposed a carrier-based pulse-width modulation(CB-PWM) with clamped area.Considering the nonlinearity of Vienna rectifier,the switching transient progress and the terminal voltage error are analyzed.The CB-PWM method clamps the zero-crossing phase to the neutral-point within clamped angle,which reduces terminal voltage error and improves the input current quality.The conventional SPWM method and the proposed clamped CB-PWM method are compared by simulation and experiment.The results show that the lower-order current harmonics and current THD can be reduced,which verifies the proposed clamped CB-PWM method.
引文
[1]Kolar J W,Zach F C.A novel three-phase utility interface minimizing line current harmonics of highpower telecommunications rectifier modules[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,1997,44(4):456-467.
[2]严刚,姚文熙,李宾,等.混合导通模式三相三电平VIENNA整流器控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(12):87-93.Yan Gang,Yao Wenxi,Li Bin,et al.Control strategy of three-phase three-level VIENNA rectifier operating in mixed conduction mode[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(12):87-93.
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[4]刘璐,朱国荣,陈皓,等.三相四线制VIENNA整流器损耗分析与热设计[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(增刊1):282-290.Liu Lu,Zhu Guorong,Chen Hao,et al.Power loss analysis and thermal design of three phase four wire VIENNA Rectifier[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(S1):282-290.
[5]邹甲,王聪,程红,等.三相线电压级联VIENNA变换器调制及直流侧电压控制[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(16):3835-3844.Zou Jia,Wang Cong,Cheng Hong,et al.Research on modulation strategy and balance control for DC-Link voltages in triple line-voltage cascaded VIENNAconverter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(16):3835-3844.
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[7]Dalessandro L,Round S D,Kolar J W.Center-point voltage balancing of hysteresis current controlled three-level PWM rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(5):2477-2488.
[8]宋卫章,黄骏,钟彦儒,等.带中点电位平衡控制的Vienna整流器滞环电流控制方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):1909-1915.Song Weizhang,Huang Jun,Zhong Yanru,et al.Ahysteresis current control method with neutral point potential balancing control for Vienna rectifier[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(7):1909-1915.
[9]Adhikari J,Prasanna I V,Panda S K.Reduction of input current harmonic distortions and balancing of output voltages of the Vienna rectifier under supply voltage disturbances[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(7):5802-5812.
[10]Hartmann M,Round S D,Ertl H,et al.Digital current controller for a 1MHz,10kW three-phase VIENNArectifier[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(11):2496-2508.
[11]马辉,谢运祥.基于滑模变结构的Vienna整流器新型双闭环控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):143-151.Ma Hui,Xie Yunxiang.A novel dual closed-loop control strategy based on sliding-mode variable structure of Vienna-type rectifier[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):143-151.
[12]Hang Lijun,Zhang Ming,Li Bin,et al.Space vector modulation strategy for VIENNA rectifier and load unbalanced ability[J].IET Power Electronics,2013,6(7):1399-1405.
[13]Rolando Burgos,Lai Rixin,Pei Yunqing,et al.Space vector modulator for vienna-type rectifiers based on the equivalence between two-and three-level converters:a carrier-based implementation[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(4):1888-1898.
[14]Li Bin,Hang Lijun,Leon M Tolbert,et al.Equivalence of SVM and carrier-based PWM in three-phase/wire/level VIENNA rectifier and capability of unbalanced-load control[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(1):20-28.
[15]Hartmann M,Ertl H,Kolar J W.On the tradeoff between input current quality and efficiency of high switching frequency PWM rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(7):3137-3149.
[16]Kim J S,Choi J W,Sul S K.Analysis and compensation of voltage distortion by zero current clamping in voltage-fed PWM inverter[J].IEEJTransactions on Industry Applications,2008,117(2):160-165.
[17]Zhang Zhendong,Xu Longya.Dead-time compensation of inverters considering snubber and parasitic capacitance[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(6):3179-3187.
[18]Kim H S,Kwon Y C,Chee S J.et al.Analysis and compensation of inverter nonlinearity for three-level T-type inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(6):4970-4980.
[19]Liu Bo,Ren Ren,Jones E A,et al.A modulation compensation scheme to reduce input current distortion in GaN-based high switching frequency three-phase three-level vienna-type rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(1):283-298.
[20]Kanaan H,Al-Haddad K,Fnaiech F.Modelling and control of three-phase/switch/level fixed-frequency PWM rectifier:state-space averaged model[J].IEEProceedings of Electric Power Applications,2005152(3):551-557.
[21]Lee J S,Lee K B.Carrier-based discontinuous PWMmethod for Vienna rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(6):2896-2900.
[22]Dalessandro L,Round S D,Drofenik U,et al.Discontinuous space-vector modulation for threelevel PWM rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(2):530-542.
[2]严刚,姚文熙,李宾,等.混合导通模式三相三电平VIENNA整流器控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(12):87-93.Yan Gang,Yao Wenxi,Li Bin,et al.Control strategy of three-phase three-level VIENNA rectifier operating in mixed conduction mode[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(12):87-93.
[3]陈新,王赟程,宋卫平,等.高压直流通信电源中高频开关整流模块[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(4):152-159.Chen Xin,Wang Yuncheng,Song Weiping,et al.High frequency switching rectifier in HVDC power supply system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(4):152-159.
[4]刘璐,朱国荣,陈皓,等.三相四线制VIENNA整流器损耗分析与热设计[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(增刊1):282-290.Liu Lu,Zhu Guorong,Chen Hao,et al.Power loss analysis and thermal design of three phase four wire VIENNA Rectifier[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(S1):282-290.
[5]邹甲,王聪,程红,等.三相线电压级联VIENNA变换器调制及直流侧电压控制[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(16):3835-3844.Zou Jia,Wang Cong,Cheng Hong,et al.Research on modulation strategy and balance control for DC-Link voltages in triple line-voltage cascaded VIENNAconverter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(16):3835-3844.
[6]Kolar J W,Friedli T.The essence of three-phase PFCrectifier systems-Part I[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,28(1):176-198.
[7]Dalessandro L,Round S D,Kolar J W.Center-point voltage balancing of hysteresis current controlled three-level PWM rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(5):2477-2488.
[8]宋卫章,黄骏,钟彦儒,等.带中点电位平衡控制的Vienna整流器滞环电流控制方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):1909-1915.Song Weizhang,Huang Jun,Zhong Yanru,et al.Ahysteresis current control method with neutral point potential balancing control for Vienna rectifier[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(7):1909-1915.
[9]Adhikari J,Prasanna I V,Panda S K.Reduction of input current harmonic distortions and balancing of output voltages of the Vienna rectifier under supply voltage disturbances[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(7):5802-5812.
[10]Hartmann M,Round S D,Ertl H,et al.Digital current controller for a 1MHz,10kW three-phase VIENNArectifier[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(11):2496-2508.
[11]马辉,谢运祥.基于滑模变结构的Vienna整流器新型双闭环控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):143-151.Ma Hui,Xie Yunxiang.A novel dual closed-loop control strategy based on sliding-mode variable structure of Vienna-type rectifier[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):143-151.
[12]Hang Lijun,Zhang Ming,Li Bin,et al.Space vector modulation strategy for VIENNA rectifier and load unbalanced ability[J].IET Power Electronics,2013,6(7):1399-1405.
[13]Rolando Burgos,Lai Rixin,Pei Yunqing,et al.Space vector modulator for vienna-type rectifiers based on the equivalence between two-and three-level converters:a carrier-based implementation[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(4):1888-1898.
[14]Li Bin,Hang Lijun,Leon M Tolbert,et al.Equivalence of SVM and carrier-based PWM in three-phase/wire/level VIENNA rectifier and capability of unbalanced-load control[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(1):20-28.
[15]Hartmann M,Ertl H,Kolar J W.On the tradeoff between input current quality and efficiency of high switching frequency PWM rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(7):3137-3149.
[16]Kim J S,Choi J W,Sul S K.Analysis and compensation of voltage distortion by zero current clamping in voltage-fed PWM inverter[J].IEEJTransactions on Industry Applications,2008,117(2):160-165.
[17]Zhang Zhendong,Xu Longya.Dead-time compensation of inverters considering snubber and parasitic capacitance[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(6):3179-3187.
[18]Kim H S,Kwon Y C,Chee S J.et al.Analysis and compensation of inverter nonlinearity for three-level T-type inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(6):4970-4980.
[19]Liu Bo,Ren Ren,Jones E A,et al.A modulation compensation scheme to reduce input current distortion in GaN-based high switching frequency three-phase three-level vienna-type rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(1):283-298.
[20]Kanaan H,Al-Haddad K,Fnaiech F.Modelling and control of three-phase/switch/level fixed-frequency PWM rectifier:state-space averaged model[J].IEEProceedings of Electric Power Applications,2005152(3):551-557.
[21]Lee J S,Lee K B.Carrier-based discontinuous PWMmethod for Vienna rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(6):2896-2900.
[22]Dalessandro L,Round S D,Drofenik U,et al.Discontinuous space-vector modulation for threelevel PWM rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(2):530-542.