苗床培肥和播种量对不同秧龄机插杂交籼稻秧苗素质的影响
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摘要
【目的】探索机插籼稻适龄壮秧培育技术。【方法】以杂交籼稻岗优6366为试验材料,通过设置不同播种量和施肥量,研究不同秧龄期秧苗素质的差异,探索机插籼稻适龄壮秧培育技术。【结果】播种量、施肥量和秧龄3因素对机插杂交籼稻秧苗素质有显著影响,其影响大小为秧龄>播种量>施肥量;机插杂交籼稻适宜的秧龄为20～30 d,超过30 d后秧苗生长受阻,秧苗素质变差,不适宜机插;随着秧龄的增加,应减少播种量;每100 kg育秧土掺混200 g复合肥能够满足30 d以内的秧苗生长。【结论】秧龄对秧苗素质影响最大,其次是播种量;机插杂交籼稻适宜的秧龄为20～30 d; 20 d秧龄时播种量为90 g/盘,当秧龄为25～30 d时播种量为70 g/盘; 30 d以内秧龄的施肥量为每100 kg育秧土掺混200 g复合肥。
【Objective】The aim of this paper is to explore the technology of cultivation strong seedlings for mechanical transplanting rice.【Method】Using indica hybrid rice Gangyou6366 as material,the quality of mechanical transplanting seedling of rice was studied by means of carrying out the experiments of different fertilizer application rates and seeding rates at different seedling ages. 【Result】The seeding rates,fertilizer application rates and seedling ages had significant effect on quality of machine-transplanting indica hybrid rice seedling. The effect of seeding age on seedling quality was predominant,followed by seeding rate and fertilizer application rate. The suitable transplanting age was 20-30 days and the seedlings quality became worse when the seedling age was over 30 days. The sowing rate should be reduced with the increase of the seedlings age. It proved to be sufficient to growth of seedlings that 100 kg of soil mixed with 200 g compound fertilizer in30 days of seeding age.【Conclusion】Seedling age had the greatest influence on seedling quality,followed by seeding rate. The suitable seedling age of machine-transplanted indica hybrid rice was 20-30 days. The seeding rates were respectively 90 g/plate at the seedling age of 20 days and 70 g/plate at the seedling age of 25 to 30 days. The amount of fertilization within 30 days of the seedling age was 100 kg of soil mixed with 200 g of compound fertilizer.
【Objective】The aim of this paper is to explore the technology of cultivation strong seedlings for mechanical transplanting rice.【Method】Using indica hybrid rice Gangyou6366 as material,the quality of mechanical transplanting seedling of rice was studied by means of carrying out the experiments of different fertilizer application rates and seeding rates at different seedling ages. 【Result】The seeding rates,fertilizer application rates and seedling ages had significant effect on quality of machine-transplanting indica hybrid rice seedling. The effect of seeding age on seedling quality was predominant,followed by seeding rate and fertilizer application rate. The suitable transplanting age was 20-30 days and the seedlings quality became worse when the seedling age was over 30 days. The sowing rate should be reduced with the increase of the seedlings age. It proved to be sufficient to growth of seedlings that 100 kg of soil mixed with 200 g compound fertilizer in30 days of seeding age.【Conclusion】Seedling age had the greatest influence on seedling quality,followed by seeding rate. The suitable seedling age of machine-transplanted indica hybrid rice was 20-30 days. The seeding rates were respectively 90 g/plate at the seedling age of 20 days and 70 g/plate at the seedling age of 25 to 30 days. The amount of fertilization within 30 days of the seedling age was 100 kg of soil mixed with 200 g of compound fertilizer.
引文
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[12]沈建辉,邵文娟,张祖建,等.水稻机插中苗双膜育秧落谷密度对苗质和产量影响的研究[J].作物学报,2004,30(9):906-911.
[13]张祖建,王君,郎有忠,等.机插稻超秧龄秧苗的生长特点研究[J].作物学报,2008,34(2):297-304.
[14]沈建辉,邵文娟,张祖建,等.苗床落谷密度、施肥量和秧龄对机插稻苗质及大田产量的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(3):402-409.
[15]李刚华,李德安,宁加朝,等.秧苗密度和施氮量对超高产杂交籼稻秧苗素质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2008,22(6):610-616.
[16]任万军,卢庭启,赵中操,等.水稻秧苗发根力与一些碳氮营养生理特性的关系[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2011,37(1):103-111.
[2]景启坚,薛艳凤.水稻机插与其它种植方式在产量及分蘖特性上的差异比较[J].中国农机化学报,2003(4):13-15.
[3]张祖建,王君,郎有忠,等.机插稻超秧龄秧苗的生长特点研究[J].作物学报,2008,34(2):297-304.
[4]陈惠哲,江文松,向镜,等.秧龄对机插超级稻秧苗素质及产量的影响[J].中国稻米,2015,21(4):172-175.
[5]金军,赖清云,李伟海,等.水稻基质育秧不同播种量对秧苗素质和产量的影响[J].中国稻米,2014,20(6):59-61.
[6]沈建辉,曹卫星,朱庆森,等.不同育秧方式对水稻机插秧苗素质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2003,26(3):7-9.
[7]汪志威,刘仁祥,石妙妙,等.基于称重法的烟草伸根期抗旱性鉴定[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(4):959-965.
[8]萧长亮,赵泽松,王贺,等.育苗基质对水稻秧苗素质及产量的影响[J].北方水稻,2012,42(4):23-25.
[9]薛艳凤,于林惠. 2001年水稻机插秧试验示范中有关技术问题初探[J].江苏农机化,2001(6):16-18.
[10]张洪.水稻机插秧育秧技术[J].现代农业装备,2004(10):52-54.
[11]孙春梅,陈宗明,杨彩云,等.机插秧水稻高产栽培技术[J].安徽农业科学,2005,33(3):381-382.
[12]沈建辉,邵文娟,张祖建,等.水稻机插中苗双膜育秧落谷密度对苗质和产量影响的研究[J].作物学报,2004,30(9):906-911.
[13]张祖建,王君,郎有忠,等.机插稻超秧龄秧苗的生长特点研究[J].作物学报,2008,34(2):297-304.
[14]沈建辉,邵文娟,张祖建,等.苗床落谷密度、施肥量和秧龄对机插稻苗质及大田产量的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(3):402-409.
[15]李刚华,李德安,宁加朝,等.秧苗密度和施氮量对超高产杂交籼稻秧苗素质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2008,22(6):610-616.
[16]任万军,卢庭启,赵中操,等.水稻秧苗发根力与一些碳氮营养生理特性的关系[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2011,37(1):103-111.