泡桐木材主要物理特征及化学组分对其声学振动性能的影响
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摘要
为探究泡桐木材主要物理特征(生长轮宽度标准差、密度)以及主要化学组分对其声学振动性能影响的内在规律,本文采用传统的物理实验方法(参照木材密度测定方法 GB/T 1933-2009)和化学实验方法(参照木材综纤维素和酸不溶木质素含量测定近红外光谱法LY/T 2151-2013),测定泡桐的密度和主要化学组分(综纤维素、木质素、抽提物)的含量。利用多通道FFT分析仪对泡桐板材的声学振动性能参数动弹性模量、声阻抗、声辐射强度等进行测定,通过一元线性回归或二元线性回归方程分别分析木材主要生长轮宽度标准差、密度、不同化学组分含量与木材声学振动参数动弹性模量、声阻抗、声辐射品质常数的相关性及变化趋势,得出:对于泡桐乐器共鸣板选材时,泡桐木材生长轮宽度变异系数在3.0~5.5,且变异系数越小即生长轮宽度越均匀;密度在0.225 g/cm3时,泡桐木材的综纤维素含量约在75%,木质素的含量约在18%,1%Na OH抽提物约在20%时,其声学振动性能最好。
In order to explore the influence regular of wood growth ring width,variable coefficient,density and the main chemical components of P. elongata on acoustic vibration performance,the paper used the traditional physical and chemical experiment methods to measure the main chemical components content of P. elongata( holocellulose,lignin,and extract content). The acoustic vibration parameters including dynamic elastic modulus E,acoustic impedance ω and acoustic radiation damping R were measured using the multi-channel fast Fourier transform analyzer. The correlation and variation trend between the wood growth ring width standard deviation,density,different chemical components content and acoustic vibration parameters were analyzed by single or binary linear regression equation. The results showed that while choosing the P. Elongata instrument soundboard,the variable coefficient of wood growth ring width was between 3. 0 to 5. 5,the smaller the coefficient,the more uniform the width. The vibration performance was the best while the density was about 0. 225 g/cm3,the holocellulose content was about 75%,the lignin content was about 18%and 1% Na OH extract content was about 20%.
In order to explore the influence regular of wood growth ring width,variable coefficient,density and the main chemical components of P. elongata on acoustic vibration performance,the paper used the traditional physical and chemical experiment methods to measure the main chemical components content of P. elongata( holocellulose,lignin,and extract content). The acoustic vibration parameters including dynamic elastic modulus E,acoustic impedance ω and acoustic radiation damping R were measured using the multi-channel fast Fourier transform analyzer. The correlation and variation trend between the wood growth ring width standard deviation,density,different chemical components content and acoustic vibration parameters were analyzed by single or binary linear regression equation. The results showed that while choosing the P. Elongata instrument soundboard,the variable coefficient of wood growth ring width was between 3. 0 to 5. 5,the smaller the coefficient,the more uniform the width. The vibration performance was the best while the density was about 0. 225 g/cm3,the holocellulose content was about 75%,the lignin content was about 18%and 1% Na OH extract content was about 20%.
引文
[1]刘镇波,刘一星,于海鹏,等.我国民族乐器共鸣用木材声学品质的研究现状与发展趋势[J].林业科学,2010,46(8):151-156.
[2]张华君.乐器企业之木材资源利用及创新实践[J].乐器,2012,12(5):18-20.
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[4]刘镇波,刘一星,苗媛媛,等.共振板振动特性与钢琴声学品质主观评价的关系[J].林业科学,2009,45(4):100-106.
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[6]张承忠.小提琴振动机理及声学品质研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
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[8]史伯章,尹思慈,阮锡根.木材声速的研究I.声速与顺纹抗压强度、含水率等物理量的关系[J].南京林业大学学报,1983,1(3):6-12.
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[12]Sotomayorcastellanos J R,Suárezbéjar G,Olguíncerón J B.Effect of Hygro-Thermal Treatment in the Acoustic Characteristics of the Wood of Quercus Scytophylla Liebm[J].Madera Y Bosques,2015,21(1):139-156.
[13]Yano H,Minato K.Controlling the Timbre of Wooden Musical Instruments by Chemical Modification[J].Wood Science and Technology,1993,27(4):287-293.
[14]Zhu L,Liu Y,Liu Z.Effect of High-Temperature Heat Treatment on the Acoustic-Vibration Performance of Picea Jezoensis[J].Bioresources,2016,11(2):4921-4934.
[15]Nazerian M,Ghalehno M D,Kashkooli A B.Effect of Wood Spcices,Amount of Juvenile Wood and Heat Treatment on Machanical and Physical Propertise of Laminated Veneer Lumber[J].Journal of Applied Science,2011,11(6):980-987.
[16]刘一星,赵广杰,李坚.木材学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[17]彭万喜,朱同林,郑真真,等.木材抽提物的研究现状与趋势[J].林业科技开发,2004,18(5):7-9.
[18]Akitsu H,Norimoto M,Morooka T.Vibrational Properties of Chemically Modified Wood[J].Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society,1991,37(7):590-597.
[19]涂道伍,邵卓平.木材密度对声振动特性参数的影响[J].安徽农业大学学报,2012,39(3):361-364.
[20]Rowell.R M.Chemical Modification of Wood:A Short Review[J].Wood Material Science and Engineering,2006,1(1):29-33.
[21]Matsunaga M,Minato K,Nakatsubo F.Vibrational Property Changes of Spruce Wood by Impregnation with Water Soluble Extractives of Pernambuco(Guilandina Echinata Spreng.)[J].Journal of Wood Science,2000,46(3):253-257.
[22]成俊卿.泡桐属木材的性质和用途的研究[J].林业科学,1983,19(3):153-167.
[2]张华君.乐器企业之木材资源利用及创新实践[J].乐器,2012,12(5):18-20.
[3]Li S,Liu Z,Liu Y,et al.Acoustic Vibration Properties of Wood for Musical Instrument Based on FFT of Adding Windows[C].International Conference on Mechanical and Electrical Technology,IEEE,2010:370-373.
[4]刘镇波,刘一星,苗媛媛,等.共振板振动特性与钢琴声学品质主观评价的关系[J].林业科学,2009,45(4):100-106.
[5]黄英来.几种典型民族乐器木质共鸣体的声学振动性能检测与分析[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2013.
[6]张承忠.小提琴振动机理及声学品质研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[7]李源哲,李先泽,汪溪泉,等.几种木材声学性质的测定[J].林业科学,1962,1(1):59-66.
[8]史伯章,尹思慈,阮锡根.木材声速的研究I.声速与顺纹抗压强度、含水率等物理量的关系[J].南京林业大学学报,1983,1(3):6-12.
[9]刘一星.中国木材研究[M].哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社,1995.
[10]Kubojima Y,Okano T,Ohta M.Vibrational Properties of Sitka Spruce Heat-Treated in Nitrogen Gas[J].Journal of Wood Science,1998,44(1):73-77.
[11]Brémaud I,Amusant N,Minato K,et al.Effect of Extractives on Vibrational Properties of African Padauk(Pterocarpus Soyauxii Taub.)[J].Wood Science and Technology,2011,45(3):461-472.
[12]Sotomayorcastellanos J R,Suárezbéjar G,Olguíncerón J B.Effect of Hygro-Thermal Treatment in the Acoustic Characteristics of the Wood of Quercus Scytophylla Liebm[J].Madera Y Bosques,2015,21(1):139-156.
[13]Yano H,Minato K.Controlling the Timbre of Wooden Musical Instruments by Chemical Modification[J].Wood Science and Technology,1993,27(4):287-293.
[14]Zhu L,Liu Y,Liu Z.Effect of High-Temperature Heat Treatment on the Acoustic-Vibration Performance of Picea Jezoensis[J].Bioresources,2016,11(2):4921-4934.
[15]Nazerian M,Ghalehno M D,Kashkooli A B.Effect of Wood Spcices,Amount of Juvenile Wood and Heat Treatment on Machanical and Physical Propertise of Laminated Veneer Lumber[J].Journal of Applied Science,2011,11(6):980-987.
[16]刘一星,赵广杰,李坚.木材学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[17]彭万喜,朱同林,郑真真,等.木材抽提物的研究现状与趋势[J].林业科技开发,2004,18(5):7-9.
[18]Akitsu H,Norimoto M,Morooka T.Vibrational Properties of Chemically Modified Wood[J].Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society,1991,37(7):590-597.
[19]涂道伍,邵卓平.木材密度对声振动特性参数的影响[J].安徽农业大学学报,2012,39(3):361-364.
[20]Rowell.R M.Chemical Modification of Wood:A Short Review[J].Wood Material Science and Engineering,2006,1(1):29-33.
[21]Matsunaga M,Minato K,Nakatsubo F.Vibrational Property Changes of Spruce Wood by Impregnation with Water Soluble Extractives of Pernambuco(Guilandina Echinata Spreng.)[J].Journal of Wood Science,2000,46(3):253-257.
[22]成俊卿.泡桐属木材的性质和用途的研究[J].林业科学,1983,19(3):153-167.