摘要
目的了解急、慢性耳鸣患者的临床特征,心理声学及伴发症状的情况。方法对343例耳鸣患者进行详细的病史采集,系统的耳部检查、听力学及耳鸣匹配检查,并完成耳鸣残疾量表(THI)及焦虑自评量表(SAS),抑郁自评量表(SDS)的填写。按耳鸣的病程将耳鸣分为急性耳鸣(耳鸣病程<6个月),慢性耳鸣:耳鸣病程≥6个月,最后统计分析急性与慢性耳鸣的临床特征、耳鸣心理声学的特征。结果急、慢性耳鸣患者的耳鸣匹配频率构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),急性耳鸣中,低中频所占比例较高,慢性耳鸣中高频所占比例较高;急、慢性耳鸣患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),急性耳鸣患者较慢性耳鸣患者更倾向伴发焦虑状态,而慢性耳鸣患者更倾向伴发抑郁症状。急、慢性耳鸣患者的性别、年龄分布,耳鸣匹配响度,是否有睡眠障碍、耳鸣严重程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论急、慢性耳鸣患者的耳鸣频率和伴发焦虑、抑郁症状存在差异,对耳鸣患者的治疗有指导意义,值得进一步研究。
Objective To investigate the clinical and psychoacoustic characteristics in patients with acute and chronic tinnitus.Methods A total of 343 patients with tinnitus were enrolled in this study.Detailed medical history collection,systemic physical examination,audiologic testing,tinnitus evaluation,Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI) scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) were performed.Tinnitus is divided into acute(tinnitus course<6 months) and chronic(tinnitus duration ≥ 6 months),according to the duration of tinnitus.Results The frequency of tinnitus in patients with acute and chronic tinnitus was significantly different(P<0.05).Most patients with acute tinnitus reported ear ringing of low or middle frequency pitch,while more patients with chronic tinnitus reported high pitch ear ringing.Patients with acute tinnitus were more likely to develop anxious state,while patients with chronic tinnitus were more likely to develop depressive symptoms.There was no significant difference in gender,age,tinnitus loudness,THI,sleeping disturbances between the acute and chronic tinnitus groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The frequency of tinnitus and the association with anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with acute and chronic tinnitus are instructive in the treatment of tinnitus patients and deserve further investigation.
引文
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