海面波浪对海洋环境噪声垂直空间相关性的影响
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摘要
研究了由海浪谱导得的噪声源的相关函数对海洋环境噪声垂直空间相关性的影响。常用的海洋环境噪声空间相关性模型一般假设海面噪声源是非相关的,这种假设可以解释一些物理现象,但是与真实情况并不符合。考虑到风成噪声与海浪运动的相关性,引入海浪谱,得到噪声源的相关函数,利用Kuperman-Ingenito (K/I)噪声模型,计算海洋环境噪声的垂直相关性。通过仿真结果与实验数据对比可以看出,在高风速下,假设噪声源不相关时计算得到的噪声场垂直相关性与实验结果相差较大,而利用由海浪谱导得的噪声源的相关函数计算得到的噪声场的垂直相关性与实验结果符合较好。
The effect of the correlation function of noise sources derived from the ocean wave spectrum on the vertical spatial correlation of ocean ambient noise is investigated. The existing spatial correlation models of ocean ambient noise usually assume that the noise sources in the surface are uncorrelated. This assumption can be used to explain some physical phenomena, but it is not consistent with the real situation. Considering the relation between the ocean wave motion and the ambient noise caused by wind, the spectrum of ocean wave is introduced to calculate the vertical correlation of ocean ambient noise as the correlation function of noise sources by using the Kuperman-Ingenito(K/I)noise model. From the comparison of the simulation results and the experimental results, it is known that the simulation results of vertical correlation of ambient noise have some differences with the experimental results by assuming the noise sources are uncorrelated and the simulation results of vertical correlation of ambient noise have a good agreement with the experimental results by using the correlation function of noise sources derived from the ocean wave spectrum under the situation of high wind speed.
The effect of the correlation function of noise sources derived from the ocean wave spectrum on the vertical spatial correlation of ocean ambient noise is investigated. The existing spatial correlation models of ocean ambient noise usually assume that the noise sources in the surface are uncorrelated. This assumption can be used to explain some physical phenomena, but it is not consistent with the real situation. Considering the relation between the ocean wave motion and the ambient noise caused by wind, the spectrum of ocean wave is introduced to calculate the vertical correlation of ocean ambient noise as the correlation function of noise sources by using the Kuperman-Ingenito(K/I)noise model. From the comparison of the simulation results and the experimental results, it is known that the simulation results of vertical correlation of ambient noise have some differences with the experimental results by assuming the noise sources are uncorrelated and the simulation results of vertical correlation of ambient noise have a good agreement with the experimental results by using the correlation function of noise sources derived from the ocean wave spectrum under the situation of high wind speed.
引文
1郭新毅,李凡,铁广鹏,马力.海洋环境噪声研究发展概述及应用前景.物理,2014; 43(11):723-731
2林建恒,常道庆,马力,李学军,蒋国健.海洋环境噪声反演估计海面风速.声学学报,2001; 26(3):217-221
3黄益旺,杨士莪.海洋环境噪声的一般模型及声压空间相关系数.声学技术,2007; 26(5):1004-1005
4汪德昭,尚尔昌.水声学.北京:科学出版社,2013:303-322
5 Siderius M, Buckingham M J. Thirty years of progress in applicationsand modeling of ocean ambient noise. A IP Conf. Proc., 2012; 1495(1):261-272
6江鹏飞,林建恒,马力,殷宝友,蒋国健.一种海洋环境噪声分步反演地声参数方法.声学学报,2016; 41(1):59-66
7李风华,刘珊琪,王璟琰.台风激发水下噪声场的建模及其在台风风速反演中的应用.声学学报,2016; 41(5):750-757
8文洪涛,杨燕明,王宁,阮海林,黄二辉.台风“启德”对南海深海海洋环境噪声特性的影响研究.声学学报,2016; 41(6):804-812
9 Woolfe K F, Sabra K G, Kuperman W A. Optimized extraction of coherent arrivals from ambient noise correlations in a rapidly fluctuating medium. J. Acoust. Soc.Am., 2015; 138(4):EL375-EL381
10 Muzi L, Siderius M, Quijano E et al. High-resolution bottom-loss estimation using the ambient-noise vertical coherence function. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2015; 137(1):481-491
11 Kinda G B, Bonnel J. Passive acoustic observations of tide height in the Iroise Sea using ambient noise. J. Acoust.Soc. Am., 2015; 138(3):EL299-EL304
12李国富,黎洁,高大志,王宁.利用环境噪声互相关实现散射体无源成像.声学学报,2016; 41(1):49-59
13 Cron B F, Sherman C H. Spatial-correlation functions for various noise models. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1962; 34(11):1732-1736
14 Chapman D. Surface-generated noise in shallow water:A model. Proc. Inst. Acoust., 1987; 9(Pt 4):1-17
15 Buckingham M J. A theoretical model of ambient noise in a low-loss, shallow water channel. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,1980; 67(4):1186-1192
16 Kuperman W A, Ingenito F. Spatial correlation of surface generated noise in a stratified ocean. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,1980; 67(6):1988-1996
17 Perkins J S, Kuperman W A, Ingenito F et al. Modeling ambient noise in three-dimensional ocean environments. J.Acoust. Soc. Am., 1993; 93(2):739-752
18 Plaisant A. Spatial coherence of surface generated noise.Proceedings of UDT, 1992:515
19 Harrison C H. Formulas for ambient noise level and coherence. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1996; 99(4):2055—2066
20 Carey W M, Evans R B, Davis J A et al. Deep-ocean vertical noise directionality. IEEE J. Ocean Eng., 1990; 15(4):324-334
21邱大洪.波浪理论及其在工程上的应用.北京:高等教育出版社,1985:200-210
22林建恒,衣雪娟,陈鹏,王彦,殷宝友.风关海洋环境噪声源模型.全国声学学术会议论文集,中国声学学会,2006
23 Buckingham M J. Infrasonic ambient noise in the ocean due to atmospheric pressure fluctuations on the surface. J.Acoust. Soc. Am., 1990; 88(2):984-994
24董艳秋.船舶波浪外荷和水弹性.天津:天津大学出版社,1991:161-173
25竺艳蓉,谢峻,龚佩华.各种波浪谱在海洋工程中适用性的研究.海洋学报,1995; 17(6):126-131
26叶安乐,李凤岐.物理海洋学.青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1992:334-451
27侍茂宗.物理海洋学.济南:山东教育出版社,2004:258-262
2林建恒,常道庆,马力,李学军,蒋国健.海洋环境噪声反演估计海面风速.声学学报,2001; 26(3):217-221
3黄益旺,杨士莪.海洋环境噪声的一般模型及声压空间相关系数.声学技术,2007; 26(5):1004-1005
4汪德昭,尚尔昌.水声学.北京:科学出版社,2013:303-322
5 Siderius M, Buckingham M J. Thirty years of progress in applicationsand modeling of ocean ambient noise. A IP Conf. Proc., 2012; 1495(1):261-272
6江鹏飞,林建恒,马力,殷宝友,蒋国健.一种海洋环境噪声分步反演地声参数方法.声学学报,2016; 41(1):59-66
7李风华,刘珊琪,王璟琰.台风激发水下噪声场的建模及其在台风风速反演中的应用.声学学报,2016; 41(5):750-757
8文洪涛,杨燕明,王宁,阮海林,黄二辉.台风“启德”对南海深海海洋环境噪声特性的影响研究.声学学报,2016; 41(6):804-812
9 Woolfe K F, Sabra K G, Kuperman W A. Optimized extraction of coherent arrivals from ambient noise correlations in a rapidly fluctuating medium. J. Acoust. Soc.Am., 2015; 138(4):EL375-EL381
10 Muzi L, Siderius M, Quijano E et al. High-resolution bottom-loss estimation using the ambient-noise vertical coherence function. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2015; 137(1):481-491
11 Kinda G B, Bonnel J. Passive acoustic observations of tide height in the Iroise Sea using ambient noise. J. Acoust.Soc. Am., 2015; 138(3):EL299-EL304
12李国富,黎洁,高大志,王宁.利用环境噪声互相关实现散射体无源成像.声学学报,2016; 41(1):49-59
13 Cron B F, Sherman C H. Spatial-correlation functions for various noise models. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1962; 34(11):1732-1736
14 Chapman D. Surface-generated noise in shallow water:A model. Proc. Inst. Acoust., 1987; 9(Pt 4):1-17
15 Buckingham M J. A theoretical model of ambient noise in a low-loss, shallow water channel. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,1980; 67(4):1186-1192
16 Kuperman W A, Ingenito F. Spatial correlation of surface generated noise in a stratified ocean. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,1980; 67(6):1988-1996
17 Perkins J S, Kuperman W A, Ingenito F et al. Modeling ambient noise in three-dimensional ocean environments. J.Acoust. Soc. Am., 1993; 93(2):739-752
18 Plaisant A. Spatial coherence of surface generated noise.Proceedings of UDT, 1992:515
19 Harrison C H. Formulas for ambient noise level and coherence. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1996; 99(4):2055—2066
20 Carey W M, Evans R B, Davis J A et al. Deep-ocean vertical noise directionality. IEEE J. Ocean Eng., 1990; 15(4):324-334
21邱大洪.波浪理论及其在工程上的应用.北京:高等教育出版社,1985:200-210
22林建恒,衣雪娟,陈鹏,王彦,殷宝友.风关海洋环境噪声源模型.全国声学学术会议论文集,中国声学学会,2006
23 Buckingham M J. Infrasonic ambient noise in the ocean due to atmospheric pressure fluctuations on the surface. J.Acoust. Soc. Am., 1990; 88(2):984-994
24董艳秋.船舶波浪外荷和水弹性.天津:天津大学出版社,1991:161-173
25竺艳蓉,谢峻,龚佩华.各种波浪谱在海洋工程中适用性的研究.海洋学报,1995; 17(6):126-131
26叶安乐,李凤岐.物理海洋学.青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1992:334-451
27侍茂宗.物理海洋学.济南:山东教育出版社,2004:258-262