Cu_3P对复压复烧Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C合金组织与性能的影响
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摘要
采用复压复烧法制备粉末冶金Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C合金。考察Cu3P添加剂对合金组织和性能的影响,并通过调节预烧温度进行预烧工艺优化。结果表明:由于Cu3P对Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C复压复烧合金具有促进烧结,使珠光体组织均匀化,产生较强的固溶强化等几个方面的作用,少量Cu3P的加入可提高合金的抗弯强度和硬度;预烧温度的优化能有效控制Cu3P添加导致的合金复压复烧密度和冲击韧性的降低,从而使含Cu3P合金的性能得到进一步提高。其中,720℃预烧-复压复烧的Fe-2Ni-0.5Cu-0.58Cu3P-0.6C合金的抗弯强度和硬度达到最大值,分别为1 354 MPa和85.5 HRB,其冲击韧度为8.61J·cm-2。
Powder metallurgical Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C alloy was prepared by double press/double sinter(DP/DS) processing. The effect of Cu3 P additive on microstructure and mechanical properties of the iron-based alloy was investigated, as well as the optimizing of pre-sintering process was carried out by adjusting the pre-sintering temperature. The results show that: the bending strength and hardness of the Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C double pressed/double sintered alloy are improved by adding minor Cu3 P due to the sinter assisting, pearlite structure homogenizing and significant solution strengthening generated by phosphorus. Optimizing of pre-sintering temperature can reduce the losing of double-pressed density and impact toughness caused by the addition of Cu3 P,which leads to a further increase of mechanical properties of the Cu3 P contained alloys. The maximum values of bending strength and Rockwell hardness can be obtained in Fe-2Ni-0.5Cu-0.58Cu3P-0.6C alloy with pre-sintering temperature of 720 ℃are 1 354 MPa and 85.5 HRB, respectively, in addition, the impact energy of the alloy is 8.61J·cm-2.
Powder metallurgical Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C alloy was prepared by double press/double sinter(DP/DS) processing. The effect of Cu3 P additive on microstructure and mechanical properties of the iron-based alloy was investigated, as well as the optimizing of pre-sintering process was carried out by adjusting the pre-sintering temperature. The results show that: the bending strength and hardness of the Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C double pressed/double sintered alloy are improved by adding minor Cu3 P due to the sinter assisting, pearlite structure homogenizing and significant solution strengthening generated by phosphorus. Optimizing of pre-sintering temperature can reduce the losing of double-pressed density and impact toughness caused by the addition of Cu3 P,which leads to a further increase of mechanical properties of the Cu3 P contained alloys. The maximum values of bending strength and Rockwell hardness can be obtained in Fe-2Ni-0.5Cu-0.58Cu3P-0.6C alloy with pre-sintering temperature of 720 ℃are 1 354 MPa and 85.5 HRB, respectively, in addition, the impact energy of the alloy is 8.61J·cm-2.
引文
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[23]尹桂丽,周立岱,林成.磷对冷脆行为影响的相界面电子结构分析[J].辽宁工业大学学报,2009,3(29):190-193.YIN Gui-li,ZHOU Li-dai,LIN Cheng.Analysis of phosphorus effect on cold short behavior of steel with electron structure parameters of phase interface[J].Journal of Liaoning University of Technology,2009,3(29):190-193.
[2]黄培云.粉末冶金原理[M].第2版.北京:冶金工业出版社,1997:377-396.HUANG Pei-yun.Principle of Powder Metallurgy[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1997:377-396.
[3]果世驹.粉末烧结理论[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998:261-264.GUO Shi-ju.Powder Metallurgy Sintering Theory[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1997:261-264.
[4]叶途明,易健宏,彭元东,等.提高粉末冶金制品压坯密度的新技术[J].粉末冶金工业,2003,13(6):32-36.YE Tu-ming,YI Jian-hong,PENG Yuan-dong,et al.New technique of increasing the compact density of powder metallurgy parts[J].Powder Metallurgy Industry,2003,13(6):32-36.
[5]HANEJKO F J.粉末冶金齿轮材料进展[J].粉末冶金工业,2010,20(3):40-46.HANEJKO F J.Advances in P/M gear materials[J].Powder Metallurgy Industry,2010,20(3):40-46.
[6]HANEJKO F J.High-performance single-press/single-sinter processing[J].International Journal of Powder Metallurgy,2005,41(5):37-44.
[7]SETHI G,HAUCK E,GERMAN R M.High Velocity Compaction Compared with Conventional Compaction[J].Materials Science and Technology,2006,22(8):955-959.
[8]JAMES W B.FAPMI,high-density processing of powders[J].International Journal of Powder Metallurgy 2005,41(5):31-36.
[9]RUTZ H G,HANEJKO F J.High density processing of high performance ferrous materials[C].Advances in Powder metallurgy and Particulate Materials.Princeton,NJ:MPIF,1994:117-133.
[10]LUK S H,RUTZ H G,LUTZ M A.Properties of high density ferrous PM materials—a study of various processes[C].Advances in Powder metallurgy and Particulate Materials.Princeton,NJ:MPIF,1994:135-154.
[11]韩凤麟.高密度粉末冶金汽车零件生产工艺—新材料.新技术.新工艺[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2013:2-3.HAN Feng-lin.Manufacturing Process of High Density Powder Metallurgy Auto Parts—New Materials,New Techniques,New Process[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2013:2-3.
[12]LIU Jian-xin,GERMAN R M,CARDAMONE A,et al.Boron-enhanced sintering of iron-molybdenum steels[J].The International Journal of Powder Metallurgy,2001,37(5):39-46.
[13]JAMES B A.Liquid phase sintering in ferrous powder metallurgy[J].Powder Metallurgy,1985,28(3):121-130.
[14]MUCHNIK S V.Phosphorus-containing sintered alloys(Review).Institute of Materials Science,Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya,1984,12(264):20-27.
[15]AKHTAR F,GUO S J,SHAH K A.Effect of Cu3P addition on sintering behaviour of elemental powders in the composition of465 stainless steel[J].Powder Metallurgy,2006,49(1):28-33.
[16]PREUSSE H,BOLTON J D.Use of phosphide phase additions to promote liquid phase sintering in 316L stainless steels[J].Powder Metallurgy,1999,42(1):51-62.
[17]果世驹,杨霞,等.粉末316L不锈钢的高密度强化烧结[J].机械工程材料,2004,28(7):7-11.GUO Shi-ju,YANG Xia,et al.Enhanced sintering of P/M 316L stainless steel for high sintered density[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2004,28(7):7-11.
[18]滕浩,李志友,李佑福,等.微量Cu3P对Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C粉末冶金材料组织与力学性能的影响[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2013,6(18):801-806.TENG Hao,LI Zhi-you,LI You-fu,et al.Effect of minor Cu3P addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-2Ni-1Cu-0.6C powder metallurgy materials[J].Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,2013,6(18):801-806.
[19]REZA Abbaschian,LARA Abbaschian,ROBERT E Reed-Hill.Physical Metallurgy Principles[M].4th ed.Stamford:Cengage Learning ltd,2008:573-574.
[20]崔振铎,刘华山.金属材料及热处理[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2010:47.CUI Zhen-duo,LIU Hua-shan.Metal Materials and Heat Treatment[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,2010:47.
[21]HONDROS E D,SEAH M P,HOFMANN S,et al.Physical Metallurgy[M].Fourth,Revised and Enhanced ed.Amsterdam:Elsevier Science BV,1996:456.
[22]郑至谦,周善初.金属材料及热处理[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1994:184.ZHENG Zhi-qian,ZHOU Shan-chu.Metal Materials and Heat Treatment[M].Changsha:Central South Industrial University Press,1994:184.
[23]尹桂丽,周立岱,林成.磷对冷脆行为影响的相界面电子结构分析[J].辽宁工业大学学报,2009,3(29):190-193.YIN Gui-li,ZHOU Li-dai,LIN Cheng.Analysis of phosphorus effect on cold short behavior of steel with electron structure parameters of phase interface[J].Journal of Liaoning University of Technology,2009,3(29):190-193.