热应激对肉鸡生产性能的影响
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摘要
随着遗传育种的改良和高效营养技术的发展,环境因素对家禽生产的影响愈发突出。在众多环境因子中,高温环境是影响家禽生产的一个重要因素,尤其是位于热带、亚热带的华南地区。肉鸡由于被羽较厚,汗腺缺乏,代谢旺盛,对高温环境极为敏感,在生产中易出现热应激。热应激会显著影响肉鸡的生长、代谢、肉品质以及生理机能,给肉鸡养殖业造成经济损失。本文综述了热应激对肉鸡采食行为、脂肪沉积、肉品质和血液指标影响的研究进展,以期为肉鸡热应激的防控提供参考。
With the improvement of genetic breeding and the development of high-efficiency nutrition technology, the impact of environmental factors on poultry production has become increasingly prominent.Among many environmental factors, high temperature environment is an important factor affecting poultry production, especially in southern China in the tropical and subtropical regions. Due to lack of sweat glands and metabolic exuberant, broilers are highly sensitive to high temperature, and easily appear heat stress. Heat stress can significantly affect the growth, metabolism, meat quality and physiological function of broilers, causing economic losses to the broiler breeding industry. This paper reviews the research progress of heat stress on the feeding behavior, fat deposition, meat quality and blood parameters of broilers, in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of heat stress in broilers.
With the improvement of genetic breeding and the development of high-efficiency nutrition technology, the impact of environmental factors on poultry production has become increasingly prominent.Among many environmental factors, high temperature environment is an important factor affecting poultry production, especially in southern China in the tropical and subtropical regions. Due to lack of sweat glands and metabolic exuberant, broilers are highly sensitive to high temperature, and easily appear heat stress. Heat stress can significantly affect the growth, metabolism, meat quality and physiological function of broilers, causing economic losses to the broiler breeding industry. This paper reviews the research progress of heat stress on the feeding behavior, fat deposition, meat quality and blood parameters of broilers, in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of heat stress in broilers.
引文
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[2] PRIETO M T, CAMPO J L. Effect of heat and several additives related to stress levels on fluctuating asymmetry,heterophil:lymphocyte ratio,and tonic immobility duration in White Leghorn chicks[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(10):2071-2077.
[3] FAO.FAO statistic division-foastat[EB/OL].[2017-03-01].http://faostat.fao.org.
[4]苏红光,张敏红,冯京海,等.持续冷热环境对肉鸡生产性能、糖代谢和解偶联蛋白mRNA表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(11):3276-3283.
[5]宁章勇,刘思当,赵德明,等.热应激对肉仔鸡呼吸、消化和内分泌器官的形态和超微结构的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2003(06):558-561.
[6]贾光强.慢性热应激对肉鸡小肠黏膜形态及营养物质转运载体mRNA表达的影响[A].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会.中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会论文集[C].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会:中国畜牧兽医学会,2016:1.
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[9]郝婧宇.持续高温对不同性别北京油鸡脂肪沉积和脂肪代谢的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2011.
[10] SAHIN K..Effects of chromium, and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth, carcass traits, serum metabolites, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens reared at a high temperature(32℃)[J].Nutrition Research.2003:225-238.
[11]张彩虹,姜建阳,任慧英,等.酵母铬对热应激肉鸡免疫功能和胴体品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2009,30(05):56-61.
[12]杨建,黄艳玲,郑灿财,等.3种铬源对21日龄热应激肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官、脂肪沉积及血清生化特性的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(15):41-46.
[13]张莹,张中岳,贾光强,等.慢性热应激对肉鸡肌肉中能量代谢与脂质氧化及肌纤维类型影响[A].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会.中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会论文集[C].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会:中国畜牧兽医学会,2016:1.
[14]李军乔.高温环境对肉仔鸡血液生化指标、热应激蛋白(HSP72)转录及肉品质的影响[D].河北农业大学,2004.
[15]冯京海.环境高温对肉鸡线粒体功能及胸肌品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2006
[16]张建.热应激对肉鸡胸肌肉质的影响及其机制初探[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2018.
[17]胡洪,张丹,闻爱友,等.谷氨酰胺对循环热应激肉鸡(22~28日龄)生长性能和肌肉品质的改善作用[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2017,38(04):17-19+24.
[18]杨建,肖芳,郑灿财,等.铬源和铬水平对1~3周龄热应激肉鸡生长性能、胴体性能及肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(06):1908-1914.
[19]杨书慧,谭灵琳,周建,等.L-精氨酸对热应激肉鸡肌肉品质和抗氧化功能及能量代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(19):37-41.
[20]钟光,施寿荣,邵丹,等.持续热应激对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、肉品质和血液指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(10):3923-3929.
[21]郝世秋,刘成荫,黄淑成,等.热应激肉鸡血液内毒素及肾脏损伤指标测定[J].动物医学进展,2014,35(03):83-86.
[22] CHARLES C. McCORMICK3;J. D. GARLICH4.The interaction of phosphorus nutrition and fasting on the survival time of young chickens acutely exposed to high temperature[J].Poultry Science.1982,Vol.61(No.2):331-336.
[23]李香.急性偏热环境对肉鸡行为、生理生化指标及avUCPmRNA表达影响[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2017.
[24]刘映娴,安立龙,许英梅,等.热应激对鸡生理机能的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(13):17-19.
[2] PRIETO M T, CAMPO J L. Effect of heat and several additives related to stress levels on fluctuating asymmetry,heterophil:lymphocyte ratio,and tonic immobility duration in White Leghorn chicks[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(10):2071-2077.
[3] FAO.FAO statistic division-foastat[EB/OL].[2017-03-01].http://faostat.fao.org.
[4]苏红光,张敏红,冯京海,等.持续冷热环境对肉鸡生产性能、糖代谢和解偶联蛋白mRNA表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(11):3276-3283.
[5]宁章勇,刘思当,赵德明,等.热应激对肉仔鸡呼吸、消化和内分泌器官的形态和超微结构的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2003(06):558-561.
[6]贾光强.慢性热应激对肉鸡小肠黏膜形态及营养物质转运载体mRNA表达的影响[A].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会.中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会论文集[C].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会:中国畜牧兽医学会,2016:1.
[7]吴薇薇.炎热环境下怀乡鸡生长性能、脂肪沉积特性及脂联素受体基因(AdipoRs)表达研究[D].湛江:广东海洋大学,2012.
[8]卢庆萍.高温环境下不同基因型肉鸡肉质性状及脂肪沉积规律的研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2007.
[9]郝婧宇.持续高温对不同性别北京油鸡脂肪沉积和脂肪代谢的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2011.
[10] SAHIN K..Effects of chromium, and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth, carcass traits, serum metabolites, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens reared at a high temperature(32℃)[J].Nutrition Research.2003:225-238.
[11]张彩虹,姜建阳,任慧英,等.酵母铬对热应激肉鸡免疫功能和胴体品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2009,30(05):56-61.
[12]杨建,黄艳玲,郑灿财,等.3种铬源对21日龄热应激肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官、脂肪沉积及血清生化特性的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(15):41-46.
[13]张莹,张中岳,贾光强,等.慢性热应激对肉鸡肌肉中能量代谢与脂质氧化及肌纤维类型影响[A].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会.中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会论文集[C].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会:中国畜牧兽医学会,2016:1.
[14]李军乔.高温环境对肉仔鸡血液生化指标、热应激蛋白(HSP72)转录及肉品质的影响[D].河北农业大学,2004.
[15]冯京海.环境高温对肉鸡线粒体功能及胸肌品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2006
[16]张建.热应激对肉鸡胸肌肉质的影响及其机制初探[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2018.
[17]胡洪,张丹,闻爱友,等.谷氨酰胺对循环热应激肉鸡(22~28日龄)生长性能和肌肉品质的改善作用[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2017,38(04):17-19+24.
[18]杨建,肖芳,郑灿财,等.铬源和铬水平对1~3周龄热应激肉鸡生长性能、胴体性能及肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(06):1908-1914.
[19]杨书慧,谭灵琳,周建,等.L-精氨酸对热应激肉鸡肌肉品质和抗氧化功能及能量代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(19):37-41.
[20]钟光,施寿荣,邵丹,等.持续热应激对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、肉品质和血液指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(10):3923-3929.
[21]郝世秋,刘成荫,黄淑成,等.热应激肉鸡血液内毒素及肾脏损伤指标测定[J].动物医学进展,2014,35(03):83-86.
[22] CHARLES C. McCORMICK3;J. D. GARLICH4.The interaction of phosphorus nutrition and fasting on the survival time of young chickens acutely exposed to high temperature[J].Poultry Science.1982,Vol.61(No.2):331-336.
[23]李香.急性偏热环境对肉鸡行为、生理生化指标及avUCPmRNA表达影响[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2017.
[24]刘映娴,安立龙,许英梅,等.热应激对鸡生理机能的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(13):17-19.