氧化镍/镍/石墨烯的制备与电容性能
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摘要
通过溶胶凝胶法,以柠檬酸为络合剂制备前驱体,然后在氮气气氛下进行热处理合成氧化镍/镍/石墨烯复合材料。扫描电镜结果显示,产物中氧化镍/镍纳米颗粒分散到石墨烯层与层之间及其表面上。通过循环伏安和恒电流充放电对复合材料的电化学性能进行测试。结果表明,添加2%氧化石墨烯(GO)制备的氧化镍/镍/石墨烯(NiO/Ni/rGO)复合材料具有最佳比电容、倍率性能以及循环性能;在10 mV/s的扫描速率下,所制备的氧化镍/镍/石墨烯复合材料的比电容可达到1 428 F/g;在5 A/g的电流密度下循环1 000次后,比电容仍能达到1 157 F/g。
A novel Ni O/Ni/r GO composite were successfully fabricated by calcination in an inert atmosphere(N_2) from its precursor prepared by a simple sol-gel method with citric acid as the complexing agent. The results of scanning electron microscopy show that Ni O/Ni particles are evenly dispersed on the surface of thermal reduced graphene oxide(rGO) sheets. The electrochemical properties of the composites were investigated by cyclic voltammetry as well as galvanostatic current charge and discharge tests. The research results indicate that Ni O/Ni/r GO composites added with 2% graphene oxide(GO) in the precursor can exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 1 428 F/g at a scanning rate of 10 mV/s, and also retain specific capacity of 1 157 F/g after 1 000 cycles at current density of 5 A/g in a 1 mol/L Na_2SO_4 aqueous electrolyte.
A novel Ni O/Ni/r GO composite were successfully fabricated by calcination in an inert atmosphere(N_2) from its precursor prepared by a simple sol-gel method with citric acid as the complexing agent. The results of scanning electron microscopy show that Ni O/Ni particles are evenly dispersed on the surface of thermal reduced graphene oxide(rGO) sheets. The electrochemical properties of the composites were investigated by cyclic voltammetry as well as galvanostatic current charge and discharge tests. The research results indicate that Ni O/Ni/r GO composites added with 2% graphene oxide(GO) in the precursor can exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 1 428 F/g at a scanning rate of 10 mV/s, and also retain specific capacity of 1 157 F/g after 1 000 cycles at current density of 5 A/g in a 1 mol/L Na_2SO_4 aqueous electrolyte.
引文
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[2]CAI T,ZHOU M,HAN G,et al.Phenol-formaldehyde carbon with ordered/disordered bimodal mesoporous structure as high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors[J].Journal of Power Sources,2013,241:6-11.
[3]CAKICI M,REDDY K R,ALONSO-MARROQUIN F.Advanced electrochemical energy storage supercapacitors based on the flexible carbon fiber fabric-coated with uniform coral-like MnO2structured electrodes[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,309:151-158.
[4]SUN X,SI W,LIU X,et al.Multifunctional Ni/NiO hybrid nanomembranes as anode materials for high-rate Li-ion batteries[J].Nano Energy,2014,9:168-175.
[5]YU M,WANG W,LI C,et al.Scalable self-growth of Ni@NiO coreshell electrode with ultrahigh capacitance and super-long cyclic stability for supercapacitors[J].NPG Asia Materials,2014,6(9):e129.
[6]HUI X,QIAN L,HARRIS G,et al.Fast fabrication of NiO@graphene composites for supercapacitor electrodes:Combination of reduction and deposition[J].Materials&Design,2016,109:242-250.
[7]CHEN Y,HUANG Z,ZHANG H,et al.Synthesis of the graphene/nickel oxide composite and its electrochemical performance for supercapacitors[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,201439(28):16171-16178.
[8]ZHU Y,CHU W,WANG N,et al.Self-assembled Ni/NiO/RGO heterostructures for high-performance supercapacitor[J].RSC Advances,2015(5):77958-77964.
[9]HUMMERS W S,R SOFFEMAN R E.Preparation of graphitic oxide[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1958,80(6):1339-1339.
[10]FASAKI I,GIANNOUDAKOS A,STAMATAKI M,et al.Nickel oxide thin films synthesized by reactive pulsed laser deposition:characterization and application to hydrogen sensing[J].Applied Physics A,2008,91(3):487-492.
[11]XU Y F,GAO M R,ZHENG Y R,et al.Nickel/nickel(II)oxide nanoparticles anchored onto cobalt(IV)diselenide nanobelts for the electrochemical production of hydrogen[J].Angewandte Chemie,2013,52(33):8546-8550.
[12]LIU Q,GU SLI C.Electrodeposition of nickele-phosphorus nanoparticles film as a Janus electrocatalyst for electro-splitting of water[J].Journal of Power Sources,2015,299:342-346.
[13]YAN X,TIAN L,CHEN X.Crystalline/amorphous Ni/NiO core/shell nanosheets as highly active electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction[J].Journal of Power Sources,2015,300:336-343.
[14]张旭苹,陈国平.氧化镍电致变色薄膜的XPS研究[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),1997,27(1):72-77.