液相渗硅制备碳化硅/石墨复合陶瓷材料
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摘要
以纯碳粉作为原料、酚醛树脂为粘结剂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为造孔剂,通过液相渗硅制得碳化硅/石墨复合陶瓷材料,考察了PVA的含量对复合陶瓷烧结性能和显微结构的影响。研究发现,以PVA为造孔剂,高温可以使PVA挥发,在坯体中形成空腔,有利于硅的渗入,并与碳进行反应,从而形成碳化硅,最终制备出碳化硅/石墨复合陶瓷材料;随着PVA含量的增加,碳化硅/石墨复合陶瓷烧结性能和力学性能提高,当PVA达到15%时,各项性能达到最佳。此外,PVA的含量不影响复合陶瓷的物相组成。所制备的碳化硅/石墨复合陶瓷材料可应用于机械密封等领域。
Silicon carbide/graphite composite ceramic was prepared by liquid silicon infiltration processing using pure carbon powder as raw material, phenolic resin as binder, and polyvinyl alcohol as pore forming agent. The influence of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) content on the sintering behavior and the microstructure of the ceramic was investigated. The results show that PVA volatilized during the sintering and generated the porous structures in the body, which was beneficial to the permeation of liquid silicon and the reaction between silicon and carbon powders to form the Si C/C composite ceramics. The sintering and mechanical properties of the Si C/C composite ceramic improved with the increase of PVA content. When 15% PVA was added, the properties of the Si C/C composite ceramics were the best. Whereas, the content of PVA did not affect the phase composition of the Si C/C composite ceramic. The resultant silicon carbide/graphite composite ceramic could be applied in the field of mechanical seals.
Silicon carbide/graphite composite ceramic was prepared by liquid silicon infiltration processing using pure carbon powder as raw material, phenolic resin as binder, and polyvinyl alcohol as pore forming agent. The influence of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) content on the sintering behavior and the microstructure of the ceramic was investigated. The results show that PVA volatilized during the sintering and generated the porous structures in the body, which was beneficial to the permeation of liquid silicon and the reaction between silicon and carbon powders to form the Si C/C composite ceramics. The sintering and mechanical properties of the Si C/C composite ceramic improved with the increase of PVA content. When 15% PVA was added, the properties of the Si C/C composite ceramics were the best. Whereas, the content of PVA did not affect the phase composition of the Si C/C composite ceramic. The resultant silicon carbide/graphite composite ceramic could be applied in the field of mechanical seals.
引文
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[2]ZHANG L J,YANG H,GUO X Z,et al.Preparation and properties of silicon carbide ceramics enhanced by Ti N nanoparticles and Si C whiskers[J].Scripta Materialia,2011,65(3):186-189.
[3]YANG H,ZHANG L J,GUO X Z,et al.Pressureless sintering of silicon carbide ceramics containing zirconium diboride[J].Ceramics International,2011,37(6):2031-2035.
[4]GUO X Z,CAI X B,ZHANG L J,et al.Sintering,properties and microstructure of low friction Si C ceramic seals containing graphite fluoride[J].Advances in Applied Ceramics,2013,112(6):341-344.
[5]PADTURE N P.In situ-toughened silicon carbide[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1994,77(2):519-523.
[6]张玮,满卫东,林晓棋,等.碳化硅陶瓷密封材料上沉积复合金刚石薄膜[J].人工晶体学报,2015(4):993-997.ZHANG W,MAN W D,LIN X Q,et al.Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2015(4):993-997.
[7]LEE D H,KIM J C,KIM D J.Porous silicon carbide ceramics from silicon and carbon mixture[J].Journal of Ceramic Processing Research,2013,14(3):322-326.
[8]FUKUSHIMA M,ZHOU Y,YOSHIZAWA Y,et al.Preparation of mesoporous silicon carbide[J].Key Engineering Materials,2007,352:95-99.
[9]郭兴忠,黄永银,杨辉,等.无压烧结制备表面微孔碳化硅陶瓷[J].中国陶瓷工业,2011,18(5):1-3.GUO X Z,HUANG Y Y,YANG H,et al.China Ceramic Industry,2011,18(5):1-3.
[10]佘继红,江东亮.碳化硅陶瓷的发展与应用[J].陶瓷工程,1998,32(3):3-11.YU J H,JIANG D L.Ceramics Engineering,1998,32(3):3-11.
[11]韩永军,燕青芝,刘维良,等.石墨含量对碳化硅复合材料机械性能及摩擦性能的影响[J].陶瓷学报,2015(2):138-142.HAN Y J,YAN Q Z,LIU W L,et al.Journal of Ceramics,2015(2):138-142.
[12]王慧芳,周宁生,张三华.硅粉加入量对氮化后碳化硅基浇注料强度及热震稳定性的影响[J].陶瓷学报,2014(4):392-397.WANG H F,ZHOU N S,ZHANG S H.Journal of Ceramics,2014(4):392-397.
[13]蒋兵,王勇军,李正民.多孔碳化硅陶瓷制备工艺研究进展[J].中国陶瓷,2012,48(11):17-20.JIANG B,WANG Y J,LI Z M.Chinese Ceramics,2012,48(11):17-20.