基于驾驶员心率变化的山区旅游公路线形安全性研究
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摘要
为研究山区旅游公路密集复杂线形及突破规范极限值的部分线形带来的行车安全问题,选用多名驾驶员进行实车实验,采集行车过程中驾驶员的心率增长率N,路线线形指标(纵坡坡度i,圆曲线半径r)和运行速度v等数据,运用SPSS和Matlab软件分析i,r,v对心率增长率的影响规律,建立N(i),N(r),N(i,r,v)关系模型。实验结果表明,随着半径减小、纵坡增大,心率增长率整体上升,大部分心率增长率在25%~45%之间,且速度对心率增长率的影响高于半径和纵坡;建议山区旅游公路圆曲线极限最小半径≥20m,最大纵坡≤8.5%,圆曲线半径≤15m时,限速值不应超过20km/h。根据心率增长率及速度差等指标,提出敏感路段具有的特征,及敏感路段应采取的限速值和安全防护措施。
In order to study problems of traffic safety of tourist highways in mountain areas caused by complex alignments,especially which broke criteria limits,multiple drivers are selected for filed experiments.Growth rate of heart rate N,highway alignment indices(slope grade i,circle radius r),and running speed vare collected during driving.A relational model of N(i),N(r),N(i,r,v)is established using SPSS and Matlab to analyze the influences of i,r,and v on the growth rate of heart rate.The result shows that as the radius decreases or the slope grade increases,the growth rate of heart rate increases as a whole,and most of which is 25%-45%.The influences of speed on heart rate growth are higher than the radius and vertical slope.It suggests that the minimum radius of the circle of tourism highways in mountain areas should be greater than 20 m,and the steepest slope less than 8.5%.The limit of speed should not over 20 km/h when the radius is less than 15 m.According to the growth rate of heart rate and speed differences,characteristics,speed limits,and safety precautions for risky road sections is proposed.
In order to study problems of traffic safety of tourist highways in mountain areas caused by complex alignments,especially which broke criteria limits,multiple drivers are selected for filed experiments.Growth rate of heart rate N,highway alignment indices(slope grade i,circle radius r),and running speed vare collected during driving.A relational model of N(i),N(r),N(i,r,v)is established using SPSS and Matlab to analyze the influences of i,r,and v on the growth rate of heart rate.The result shows that as the radius decreases or the slope grade increases,the growth rate of heart rate increases as a whole,and most of which is 25%-45%.The influences of speed on heart rate growth are higher than the radius and vertical slope.It suggests that the minimum radius of the circle of tourism highways in mountain areas should be greater than 20 m,and the steepest slope less than 8.5%.The limit of speed should not over 20 km/h when the radius is less than 15 m.According to the growth rate of heart rate and speed differences,characteristics,speed limits,and safety precautions for risky road sections is proposed.
引文
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[16]赵磊.山区公路运行速度协调性评价方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.ZHAO Lei.Research on the speed coordination evaluation method on mountain area highway[D].Chengdu:South Jiaotong University,2010.(in Chinese)
[17]杨少伟.道路勘测设计[M].3版.北京:人民交通出版社,2009.YANG Shaowei.Road survey and design[M].3rd Ed.Beijing:People Communications Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[18]潘晓东,林涛,杨轸.驾驶员心率血压与山区公路横向力系数关系[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(6):748-751.PAN Xiaodong,LIN Tao,YANG Zhen.Relationship between the variation of drivers′heart rate and systolic blood pressure and the coefficient of transverse force of mountainous highways[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science Edition),2006,34(6):748-751.(in Chinese)
[19]杨培君.山区旅游公路防撞护栏的选择与应用[J].科技创新导报,2007(14):79-79.YANG Peijun.The selection and application of collision barrier for mountain tourist road[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2007(14):79-79.(in Chinese)
[2]BHALLA P,TRIPATHI S,PALRIA S.Road traffic accident analysis of ajmer city using remote sensing and GIS Technology[J].ISPRS-International Archives of the Photogrammetry,Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences,2014,XL-8(8):1455-1462.
[3]KAZEMI S F,SHAFAHI Y.An integrated model of parallel processing and pso algorithm for solving optimum highway alignment problem[C].Conference on Modelling and Simulation,Banff,Canada:IASTED,2013.
[4]KANG S,LEE S M.Introducing alignment based risk indices into the highway traffic accident analysis[C].International Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering,Pittsburgh:ASCE,2007.
[5]曹友露.基于驾驶员自然引导的双车道公路几何线形安全性研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016.CAO Youlu.Study on geometry alignment safety of two-lane road based on natural guidance of driver[D].Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2016.(in Chinese)
[6]潘晓东.人体信息技术在道路交通环境与安全性评价中的应用[J].中国公路学报,2001,14(增刊1):109-111.PAN Xiaodong.The application of body information technology on road and traffic environment and safety evaluation[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2001,14(S1):109-111.(in Chinese)
[7]涂万堂,张曙光.旅游公路网布局规划研究[J].中外公路,2012,32(3):10-13.TU Wantang,ZHANG Shuguang.Study on layout planning of tourism road network[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2012,32(3):10-13.(in Chinese)
[8]丁华,陈杏,张运洋.中国旅游公路概念类型及其效应[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2013,33(1):67-70.DING Hua,CHEN Xing,ZHANG Yunyang.Concept,type and effect of tourism highway in China[J].Journal of Chang′an University(Natural Science Edition),2013,33(1):67-70.(in Chinese)
[9]徐进,舒华,毛嘉川,等.山区复杂地形条件下旅游公路安全性设计方法以及工程范例[J].公路,2015(8):1-14.XU Jin,SHU Hua,MAO Jiachuan,et al.Design method of safety and demonstration example of mountainous tourist highway in complex terrain conditions[J].Highway,2015(8):1-14.(in Chinese)
[10]公路工程技术标准:JTG B01-2014[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2014.Highway engineering standard specifications:JTGB01-2014[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2014.(in Chinese)
[11]米晓艺,吴京梅,郭占洋,等.山区双车道旅游公路交通特性分析[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2011,30(1):78-80.MI Xiaoyi,WU Jingmei,GUO Zhanyang,et al.Analysis on traffic characteristics of two-lane tourist highways in mountainous area[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science E-dition),2011,30(1):78-80.(in Chinese)
[12]张娟.基于驾驶员因素的公路连续长坡路段线形研究[D].西安:长安大学,2012.ZHANG Juan.Continuous long slope road alignment research based on driver′s factors[D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2012.(in Chinese)
[13]王书灵,陈金川,刘小明,等.基于驾驶员心理反应的安全坡度研究[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(2):126-129.WANG Shuling,CHEN Jinchuan,LIU Xiaoming,et al.Research on safety slope grade based on driber′s psychological response[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2007,24(2):126-129.(in Chinese)
[14]吴华金,郭海龙,袁望方,等.驾驶员行车紧张度评价试验[J].交通运输工程学报,2009(2):100-104.WU Huajin,GUO Hailong,YUAN Wangfang,et al.Evaluating experiment of driving tensity[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2009(2):100-104.(in Chinese)
[15]乔建刚.基于驾驶员因素的山区双车道公路关键参数研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2006.QIAO Jiangang.Study on the key parameter of two-lane highway in mountain area based on driver′s factors[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2006.(in Chinese)
[16]赵磊.山区公路运行速度协调性评价方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.ZHAO Lei.Research on the speed coordination evaluation method on mountain area highway[D].Chengdu:South Jiaotong University,2010.(in Chinese)
[17]杨少伟.道路勘测设计[M].3版.北京:人民交通出版社,2009.YANG Shaowei.Road survey and design[M].3rd Ed.Beijing:People Communications Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[18]潘晓东,林涛,杨轸.驾驶员心率血压与山区公路横向力系数关系[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(6):748-751.PAN Xiaodong,LIN Tao,YANG Zhen.Relationship between the variation of drivers′heart rate and systolic blood pressure and the coefficient of transverse force of mountainous highways[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science Edition),2006,34(6):748-751.(in Chinese)
[19]杨培君.山区旅游公路防撞护栏的选择与应用[J].科技创新导报,2007(14):79-79.YANG Peijun.The selection and application of collision barrier for mountain tourist road[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2007(14):79-79.(in Chinese)