基于三维线形运行速度的山区旅游公路线形安全性评价
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摘要
公路线形设计的安全性评价常采用运行速度作为评价指标,针对山区旅游公路的复杂线形及车型构成,运行速度的计算工况应有针对性,计算手段也需改进。将洪雅—峨眉山旅游公路作为分析对象,以"三维线形条件下的复杂道路重载车辆行驶速度解算模型体系"为计算手段,针对长大纵坡路段左、右线的交通特点,分别解算并绘制了三维线形条件下典型车型和典型驾驶模式的运行速度曲线;分析了平纵面线形参数的协调性和安全性,提出线形修改建议;对于线形调整困难的情况,采用仿真模拟碰撞对混凝土护栏进行防护等级加强;同时检查了避险车道的设置。研究结果表明,综合道路空间线形、车型、驾驶员等因素进行系统分析和运行速度预测,能更接近实际地评价和改善山区公路的线形设计。
Operating speed is often taken as an evaluation indicator in safety evaluation of highwayalignment design. In consideration of the complex alignment and vehicle types of mountain scenic high-ways, the calculation condition of operating speed should be pertinent and the calculation means shouldalso be improved. The operating speed curves of typical vehicle types and typical driving modes underthe three-dimensional alignment conditions were predicted respectively by selecting the Hongya—EmeiScenic Highway as the object, applying the "operating speed prediction model system of heavily-loadedvehicles on complex mountainous highways under the three-dimensional alignment conditions", and con-sidering the transport characteristics of the left and right lanes at the long steep grade. The coordinationand safety of horizontal and vertical alignment parameters were analyzed, and the suggestions on align-ment modification were proposed. In respect of the difficulty in alignment adjustment, analogue simula-tion collision was adopted to strengthen the protection class of the concrete guardrails. The setting of thetruck escape ramps was also checked. The research results show that the alignment design of mountainhighway can be evaluated and improved in a more practical way by making an operating speed forecastbased on the systematic analysis integrating highway spatial alignment, multiple vehicle types, the driverand other factors.
Operating speed is often taken as an evaluation indicator in safety evaluation of highwayalignment design. In consideration of the complex alignment and vehicle types of mountain scenic high-ways, the calculation condition of operating speed should be pertinent and the calculation means shouldalso be improved. The operating speed curves of typical vehicle types and typical driving modes underthe three-dimensional alignment conditions were predicted respectively by selecting the Hongya—EmeiScenic Highway as the object, applying the "operating speed prediction model system of heavily-loadedvehicles on complex mountainous highways under the three-dimensional alignment conditions", and con-sidering the transport characteristics of the left and right lanes at the long steep grade. The coordinationand safety of horizontal and vertical alignment parameters were analyzed, and the suggestions on align-ment modification were proposed. In respect of the difficulty in alignment adjustment, analogue simula-tion collision was adopted to strengthen the protection class of the concrete guardrails. The setting of thetruck escape ramps was also checked. The research results show that the alignment design of mountainhighway can be evaluated and improved in a more practical way by making an operating speed forecastbased on the systematic analysis integrating highway spatial alignment, multiple vehicle types, the driverand other factors.
引文
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[2]邢文相,黄洁,刘兆平.景区公路的安全与环保探讨[J].华东公路,2011(4):91-93.
[3]杨培君.山区旅游公路防撞护栏的选择与应用[J].科技咨询导报,2007(14):79.
[4]宋川,陈建华.省道217、216线理塘至稻城亚丁改建公路景观设计浅析[J].公路交通技术,2012(3):136-140.
[5]陶明德.四川北部山区旅游公路设计体会[J].西南公路,2007(1):26-29.
[6]夏齐勇.武神旅游公路的设计理念和创新设计[J].交通科技,2011(4):75-78.
[7]陈胜营,汪亚干,张剑飞.公路设计指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000.
[8]徐进,罗庆,毛嘉川,等.考虑弯道几何要素和交通量影响的汽车行驶速度预测模型[J].中国公路学报,2012,25(5):47-57.
[9]徐进,彭其渊,邵毅明.运行车速预测新方法及其应用[J].西南交通大学学报,2010,45(2):238-248.
[10]邵毅明,毛嘉川,刘胜川,等.山区公路上驾驶人的车速控制行为分析[J].交通运输工程学报,2011,11(1):79-88.
[11]徐进,罗庆.山区公路平面线形设计新理论与实现技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2014.
[12]徐进.用于道路几何线形质量评价的仿真模型和动力学指标[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(11):114-119.
[13]李成兵,徐进,陈卫东,等.基于行驶安全性和舒适性的山区公路改建研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(4):133-139.
[14]徐进.道路几何设计对车辆行驶特性的影响机理研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.
[15]徐进,邵毅明,杨奎,等.基于人-车-路协同仿真的山区复杂道路大型车辆行驶适应性分析[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(2):14-25.
[16]孙龙,常若松.驾驶风格研究现状与展望[J].人类工效学,2013,19(4):92-95.