基于有限元数值模拟的致密储层体积压裂效果影响参数分析
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摘要
致密储层体积压裂作业后形成复杂裂缝网络,通过改变压裂井附近的渗流场来增大水平井产量,目前针对致密储层体积压裂影响参数对水平井投产后不同时间段压裂效果影响的权重分析较少。通过建立适用于致密油藏油水两相有限元方程对复杂裂缝网络进行有限元数值模拟,采用正交实验与灰色关联法分析水平井体积压裂影响参数在油井投产10年内对产能的影响程度。研究结果表明,裂缝导流能力决定水平井压裂初期产能,裂缝长度决定水平井日产量的递减速度以及后期阶段稳产的产量水平,随着压裂井生产不断进行,裂缝长度取代裂缝导流能力成为影响产量的关键性因素。水平井投产不同时间段内各影响参数对压裂效果的影响程度研究可以为致密储层体积压裂水平井施工设计提供理论支持。
In general, complex fracture network was formed after SRV fracturing operation in tight reservoirs, and the horizontalwell yield was increased by changing the seepage field near the fracturing wells. At present, there was few weight analysis about theinfluence of SRV fracturing influence parameters of tight reservoirs on fracturing effect at different periods after the production ofhorizontal wells. By establishing the two-phase finite element equation which was applicable to the tight oil reservoir and water, fi-nite element numerical simulation of complex fracture network was carried out, and the orthogonal experiment and grey correlationmethod were adopted to analyze the influence degree of horizontal well volume fracturing influence parameters on productivity ofoil wells within 10 years. The results showed that the fracture conductivity determines the initial fracturing productivity of horizon-tal wells, and the fracture length determined the decline rate of daily production of horizontal wells and the level of steady produc-tion in the later stage. With the continuous production of fracturing wells, the fracture length replaced the fracture conductivity andbecame a key factor affecting the yield. The research on the influence degree of each influence parameter on the fracturing effect indifferent periods in which horizontal wells could provide theoretical support for the construction and design of SRV fracturing hori-zontal wells in tight reservoirs.
In general, complex fracture network was formed after SRV fracturing operation in tight reservoirs, and the horizontalwell yield was increased by changing the seepage field near the fracturing wells. At present, there was few weight analysis about theinfluence of SRV fracturing influence parameters of tight reservoirs on fracturing effect at different periods after the production ofhorizontal wells. By establishing the two-phase finite element equation which was applicable to the tight oil reservoir and water, fi-nite element numerical simulation of complex fracture network was carried out, and the orthogonal experiment and grey correlationmethod were adopted to analyze the influence degree of horizontal well volume fracturing influence parameters on productivity ofoil wells within 10 years. The results showed that the fracture conductivity determines the initial fracturing productivity of horizon-tal wells, and the fracture length determined the decline rate of daily production of horizontal wells and the level of steady produc-tion in the later stage. With the continuous production of fracturing wells, the fracture length replaced the fracture conductivity andbecame a key factor affecting the yield. The research on the influence degree of each influence parameter on the fracturing effect indifferent periods in which horizontal wells could provide theoretical support for the construction and design of SRV fracturing hori-zontal wells in tight reservoirs.
引文
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[5]Lolon E P,Cipolla,C L,Weijers L,et al.Evaluating horizontal well placement and hydraulic fracture spacing[C]//paper SPE-124905-MS presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,4-7 October 2009,New Orleans,Louisiana,USA.
[6]Cipolla C L,Lolon E P.Fracture design considerations in horizontal wells drilled in unconventional gas reservoirs[C]//paper SPE-119366-MS presented at the SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference,19-21 January 2009,The Woodlands,Texas,USA.
[7]Cheng Y Q,Guo B Y,Na W.Prediction of fracture population and stimulated reservoir volume in shale gas/oil reservoirs[C]//paper SPE-176833-MS presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition,9-11 November,Brisbane,Australia.
[8]唐汝众,温庆志,苏建,等.水平井分段压裂产能影响因素研究[J].石油钻探技术,2010,38(2):80-83.
[9]梅显旺,罗梅,马威奇,等.致密油水平井多级压裂后产能影响因素分析[J].油气井测试,2016,25(4):29-32.
[10]吴奇,胥云,王晓泉,等.非常规油气藏体积改造技术--内涵、优化设计与实现[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(3):352-358.
[11]于雷,车飞,许磊明,等.水平井产能与人工裂缝参数相关性模拟实验[J].断块油气田,2015,22(2):221-224.
[12]曾凡辉,郭建春,徐严波,等.压裂水平井产能影响因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):474-477.
[13]刘雄,王磊,王方,等.致密油藏水平井体积压裂产能影响因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):85-88.
[14]赵金洲,李勇明,王松,等.天然裂缝影响下的复杂压裂裂缝网络模拟[J].天然气工业,2014,34(1):68-73.
[15]周祥,张士诚,邹雨时,等.致密油藏水平井体积压裂裂缝扩展及产能模拟[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2015,30(4):53-58.