城镇化与耕地利用集约化的动态响应分析——以重庆市为例
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摘要
[目的]分析城镇化与耕地利用之间的动态关系,促进新型城镇化与农业现代化协调发展。[方法]在综合选取城镇化与耕地利用集约化代表性指标的基础上,运用向量自回归模型(VAR)检验城镇化与耕地利用集约化之间的协整关系,运用脉冲响应分析及方差分解检验两者之间的互馈关系。[结果]2000—2016年重庆市城镇化与耕地利用集约化之间存在稳定的均衡关系;复种指数对城镇化人口比例由最初的负向效应逐渐转变为正向影响,对其余指标表现为正向影响,方差分解结果显示其对上述指标在第八期总贡献率达70%,复种指数对自身影响较大,解释水平较高;化肥对二、三产业比例、土地城镇化表现为负向影响,对其他指标影响较小;农业机械总动力对人口城镇化表现为正向影响,对二、三产业比例、土地城镇化及自身有负向影响。二、三产业比例的冲击对化肥投入冲击的贡献率基本保持在11%～14%之间,城镇人口比例、二、三产业比例及土地城镇化总贡献率不断上升。城镇人口比例、二、三产业比例及土地城镇化对农业机械总动力冲击的贡献率差异较大,其中城镇人口比例对其贡献率基本保持在20%左右,后期变化较小。[结论]综合来看,城镇化水平的稳步提高能够正向推动耕地利用集约化,而耕地利用集约化对城镇化水平的提高仅具有较小的正向影响。
The dynamic relationship between urbanization and arable land use is analyzed to promote the coordinated development of new urbanization and agricultural modernization. Based on the comprehensive selection of representative indicators of urbanization and arable land use,vector autoregression model( VAR) was used to test the cointegration relationship between urbanization and intensive use of arable land. And the impulse response analysis and variance decomposition were used to examine the mutual feedback relationship between urbanization and intensive use of arable land. The results of the study indicated that there was a stable equilibrium relationship between the urbanization of Chongqing and the intensive use of arable land from 2000 to 2016. The multiple crop index gradually changed from the initial negative effect to the positive impact on the proportion of urbanized population,and for other indicators,the performance was positive. The result of variance decomposition showed that the total contribution rate of the above indicators in the eighth period reached 70%. The multiple crop index had a greater impact on oneself and a higher level of interpretation. The ratio of chemical fertilizers had negative impact on the secondary,tertiary industries and land urbanization and it had little impact on other indicators. The total power of agricultural machinery had a positive effect on the urbanization of the population,and a negative impact on the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries,urbanization of the soil,and itself. The impact of the ratio of secondary and tertiary industries on the input of chemical fertilizer input had basically remained between 11% and 14%. The proportion of urban population,secondary and tertiary industries,and the total contribution of land to urbanization were rising. The contribution rate of the proportion of urban population,secondary and tertiary industries,and urbanization of the soil to the total power of agricultural machinery was quite different,the contribution rate of the urban population to its contribution rate basically maintained at about 20%,with little change in the later period.Generally speaking,the steady improvement in the level of urbanization can positively promote the intensive use of cultivated land,while the intensive use of arable land has only a small positive impact on the improvement of urbanization.
The dynamic relationship between urbanization and arable land use is analyzed to promote the coordinated development of new urbanization and agricultural modernization. Based on the comprehensive selection of representative indicators of urbanization and arable land use,vector autoregression model( VAR) was used to test the cointegration relationship between urbanization and intensive use of arable land. And the impulse response analysis and variance decomposition were used to examine the mutual feedback relationship between urbanization and intensive use of arable land. The results of the study indicated that there was a stable equilibrium relationship between the urbanization of Chongqing and the intensive use of arable land from 2000 to 2016. The multiple crop index gradually changed from the initial negative effect to the positive impact on the proportion of urbanized population,and for other indicators,the performance was positive. The result of variance decomposition showed that the total contribution rate of the above indicators in the eighth period reached 70%. The multiple crop index had a greater impact on oneself and a higher level of interpretation. The ratio of chemical fertilizers had negative impact on the secondary,tertiary industries and land urbanization and it had little impact on other indicators. The total power of agricultural machinery had a positive effect on the urbanization of the population,and a negative impact on the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries,urbanization of the soil,and itself. The impact of the ratio of secondary and tertiary industries on the input of chemical fertilizer input had basically remained between 11% and 14%. The proportion of urban population,secondary and tertiary industries,and the total contribution of land to urbanization were rising. The contribution rate of the proportion of urban population,secondary and tertiary industries,and urbanization of the soil to the total power of agricultural machinery was quite different,the contribution rate of the urban population to its contribution rate basically maintained at about 20%,with little change in the later period.Generally speaking,the steady improvement in the level of urbanization can positively promote the intensive use of cultivated land,while the intensive use of arable land has only a small positive impact on the improvement of urbanization.
引文
[1]王雨竹,徐培玮.京津冀地区城市土地集约利用与城镇化耦合协调关系研究.水土保持研究,2016,23(1):200-204.
[2]彭冲,陈乐一,韩峰.新型城镇化与土地集约利用的时空演变及关系.地理研究,2014,33(11):2005-2020.
[3]刘永强,龙花楼.黄淮海平原农区土地利用转型及其动力机制.地理学报,2016,71(4):666-679.
[4]倪超,杨胜天,罗娅,等.基于循环经济的黑龙江省耕地利用集约度时空差异.地理研究,2015,34(2):341-350.
[5]孙男男,郑华伟,张兰,等.耕地集约利用动态评价及障碍因素诊断研究——以河北省为例.农业现代化研究,2012,33(1):90-94.
[6]吕晓,牛善栋,李振波,等.中国耕地集约利用研究现状及趋势分析.农业工程学报,2015,31(18):212-224.
[7]杨磊,张永福,王伯超.乌鲁木齐市土地集约利用潜力评价研究.水土保持研究,2008(3):35-38,275.
[8]慕智玉,任平.四川省耕地集约度与城镇化水平时空变化及耦合关系分析.四川师范大学学报,2016,39(1):128-135.
[9]郭施宏,王富喜.山东省城市化与城市土地集约利用耦合协调关系研究.水土保持研究,2012,19(6):163-167.
[10]韩玉.黄淮海平原耕地集约利用时空差异及其影响因素研究.天津:天津工业大学,2017.
[11]郭小忠.新型城镇化进程中的土地集约利用问题与对策.北京:中国地质大学,2017.
[12]吴红,张晓玲.安徽省城镇化与耕地利用集约化的动态响应关系.农业工程学报,2017,33(12):262-269.
[13]臧良震,张彩虹.碳减排背景下中国城镇化与经济发展方式的动态响应分析.广西社会科学,2014(6):82-86.
[14]郭丽英,张华,罗其友,等.我国农用地资源态势分析与对策建议——基于国家农业资源台账.中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(12):14-20.
[15]张天中,赵强军,郭思岩,等.建设项目土地节约集约利用评价研究——以甘肃省106个光伏项目为例.中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(7):153-158,163.
[2]彭冲,陈乐一,韩峰.新型城镇化与土地集约利用的时空演变及关系.地理研究,2014,33(11):2005-2020.
[3]刘永强,龙花楼.黄淮海平原农区土地利用转型及其动力机制.地理学报,2016,71(4):666-679.
[4]倪超,杨胜天,罗娅,等.基于循环经济的黑龙江省耕地利用集约度时空差异.地理研究,2015,34(2):341-350.
[5]孙男男,郑华伟,张兰,等.耕地集约利用动态评价及障碍因素诊断研究——以河北省为例.农业现代化研究,2012,33(1):90-94.
[6]吕晓,牛善栋,李振波,等.中国耕地集约利用研究现状及趋势分析.农业工程学报,2015,31(18):212-224.
[7]杨磊,张永福,王伯超.乌鲁木齐市土地集约利用潜力评价研究.水土保持研究,2008(3):35-38,275.
[8]慕智玉,任平.四川省耕地集约度与城镇化水平时空变化及耦合关系分析.四川师范大学学报,2016,39(1):128-135.
[9]郭施宏,王富喜.山东省城市化与城市土地集约利用耦合协调关系研究.水土保持研究,2012,19(6):163-167.
[10]韩玉.黄淮海平原耕地集约利用时空差异及其影响因素研究.天津:天津工业大学,2017.
[11]郭小忠.新型城镇化进程中的土地集约利用问题与对策.北京:中国地质大学,2017.
[12]吴红,张晓玲.安徽省城镇化与耕地利用集约化的动态响应关系.农业工程学报,2017,33(12):262-269.
[13]臧良震,张彩虹.碳减排背景下中国城镇化与经济发展方式的动态响应分析.广西社会科学,2014(6):82-86.
[14]郭丽英,张华,罗其友,等.我国农用地资源态势分析与对策建议——基于国家农业资源台账.中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(12):14-20.
[15]张天中,赵强军,郭思岩,等.建设项目土地节约集约利用评价研究——以甘肃省106个光伏项目为例.中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(7):153-158,163.