秸秆添加量对双螺杆膨化畜牧饲料质量的影响
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摘要
为提高农作物秸秆饲料化利用率,试验以稻秸杆添加量为变量对双螺杆膨化的畜牧饲料膨化度、各项质构指标、成型质量进行了研究。通过测量7组稻秸秆添加量饲料的径向膨化度并分析,结果表明:稻秸秆添加量越小饲料的膨化度越好;在膨化度分析的基础上剔除35%和40%的饲料后,通过食品物性分析仪测量剩余5组稻秸秆添加量饲料的各项质构指标并分析,结果表明:稻秸秆添加量为20%时可保证饲料各项质构指标均较优;通过对5组稻秸秆添加饲料进行成型质量分析,结果表明:稻秸秆添加量为10%～20%时饲料成型质量最好。综合考虑膨化度、各项质构指标、成型质量三方面因素,最终选取稻秸秆添加量为20%,此时畜牧饲料成型质量最好,饲料膨化度和各项质构指标也能有较优表现。
In order to improve the feed utilization rate of crop straw,the expansion degree,quality indexes and molding quality of animal husbandry feed were studied with the addition amount of rice straw as variable.By measuring the radial expansion degree of the feed with the additive amount of 7 groups of rice straw,the results showed that the smaller the additive amount of rice straw,the better the expansion degree of the feed.After removing 35% and 40% of the rice straw feed on the basis of expansion degree analysis,the texture indexes of the remaining 5 groups of rice straw were measured by food physical property analyzer,the results showed that the addition of 20% rice straw could guarantee that all the quality indexes of feed superior.Through the analysis of the forming quality of 5 groups of rice straw feed,the results showed that the shaping quality of 10% ～ 20% rice straw additive amount was the best.Taking into account the factors of bulking degree,texture index and molding quality,the additive amount of rice straw was selected as 20%,in this condition,the quality of animal husbandry feed was the best,the expansion degree of feed and various texture indicators could also have a better performance.
In order to improve the feed utilization rate of crop straw,the expansion degree,quality indexes and molding quality of animal husbandry feed were studied with the addition amount of rice straw as variable.By measuring the radial expansion degree of the feed with the additive amount of 7 groups of rice straw,the results showed that the smaller the additive amount of rice straw,the better the expansion degree of the feed.After removing 35% and 40% of the rice straw feed on the basis of expansion degree analysis,the texture indexes of the remaining 5 groups of rice straw were measured by food physical property analyzer,the results showed that the addition of 20% rice straw could guarantee that all the quality indexes of feed superior.Through the analysis of the forming quality of 5 groups of rice straw feed,the results showed that the shaping quality of 10% ～ 20% rice straw additive amount was the best.Taking into account the factors of bulking degree,texture index and molding quality,the additive amount of rice straw was selected as 20%,in this condition,the quality of animal husbandry feed was the best,the expansion degree of feed and various texture indicators could also have a better performance.
引文
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[2]冯坤,蔡纪宁,陈杰,等.螺杆挤压连续汽爆玉米秸秆流变性分析[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(S2):11~14.
[3]黄秋婷,张鹏,张淑荣,等.螺杆挤压连续汽爆玉米秸秆的稀酸水解效果[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(7):190~194.
[4]黄奕颖.钙强化营养荞麦蛋糕的工艺研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2013.
[5]林江娇,赵春芳,朱立学.双螺杆挤压膨化机温升特性的仿真分析与试验[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(16):47~53.
[6]刘洪风,余镇慌.秸秆纤维性能[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,28(2):123~128.
[7]牛化欣,过世东,祝爱侠.水产沉性颗粒饲料挤压蒸煮工艺对其理化特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(9):368~374.
[8]覃莉莉,万涛,熊磊,等.改性玉米秸秆复合高吸水树脂的尿素吸收及缓释性能[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(21):188~193.
[9]张杰,李浩,孔令卓,等.肉羔羊育肥秸秆配合颗粒饲料加工工艺参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(5):274~281.
[10]庄海宁,冯涛,金征宇,等.挤压加工参数对重组米生产过程及产品膨胀度的影响[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(9):349~356.
[11]张彦军,刘成梅,刘伟,等.热压凝胶法制备营养质构米及其营养性质研究[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(5):282~287.
[12]Amruta Morone,Ganesh Sharma,Abhinav Sharma,et al.Evaluation,applicability and optimization of advanced oxidation process for pretreatment of rice straw and its effect on cellulose digestibility[J].Renewable Energy,2018,120:88~97.
[13]Dyna Theng,Gerard Arbat,Marc Delgado-Aguilar,et al.Comparison between two different pretreatment technologies of rice straw fibers prior to fiberboard manufacturing:Twin-screw extrusion and digestion plus defibration[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2017,107:184~197.
[14]Schlegel E R.,Montgomery S P,Waggoner J W,et al.Evaluation of ammoniated wheat straw during a receiving and growing period for beef cattle[J].The Professional Animal Scientist,2016,32(3):295~301.
[15]Hong Miao,Cheng Jiang,Sixing Liu,et al.Present Situation of the Anti-Fatigue Processing of High-Strength Steel Internal Thread Based on Cold Extrusion Technology:A Review[J].Chin.J.Mech.Eng.2017,30:231~240.
[16]Oxana Tyapkova,Raffael Osen,Maria Wagenstaller,et al.Replacing fishmeal with oilseed cakes in fish feed e A study on the influence of processing parameters on the extrusion behavior and quality properties of the feed pellets[J].Journal of Food Engineering,2016,8(18):28~36.
[17]Yufa Gao,Meng Wang,Chao Ma,et al.Single and multi-factor analysis on screw-holding power of corn straw fiber brick[J].Construction and Building Materials,2018,181:579~587.
[18]Yan Q,Wang Y,Rodiahwati W,et al.Alkaline-assisted screw press pretreatment affecting enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2017,40(2):221~229.