含氟废气的治理及资源化利用研究进展
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摘要
针对含氟废气治理与资源化利用的重要性,介绍含氟废气各种治理方法 (干法、湿法、半干法)的脱氟原理、应用情况、优缺点。湿法中的水吸收法因工艺成熟、操作简单及成本低等优点成为我国含氟废气治理的主要方式,但存在硅胶堵塞以及设备腐蚀等问题,需进行进一步工艺优化。含氟废气的资源化利用方式主要有制氟化盐、无水氟化氢和白炭黑。提出对含氟废气中氟、硅资源进行同时利用的资源化方式是今后主要的研究方向。
Based on the significance of waste gas containing fluorine treatment and resource utilization, theremoval principles, applications, advantages and disadvantages of treatment methods including dry method,wet method and semidry method on waste gas containing fluorine are introduced. Water absorption method isthe main method of waste gas containing fluorine treatment because of its advantages mature technology,simpleoperation and low cost in our country. However, there still are problems such as silica gel clogging andequipment corrosion, so it needs further process optimization. Preparing fluoride salt, anhydrous hydrogenfluoride and white carbon black are the main utilization methods of waste gas containing fluorine. It is pointthat utilization of fluorine and sillicon resources at the same time is the main research direction in the future.
Based on the significance of waste gas containing fluorine treatment and resource utilization, theremoval principles, applications, advantages and disadvantages of treatment methods including dry method,wet method and semidry method on waste gas containing fluorine are introduced. Water absorption method isthe main method of waste gas containing fluorine treatment because of its advantages mature technology,simpleoperation and low cost in our country. However, there still are problems such as silica gel clogging andequipment corrosion, so it needs further process optimization. Preparing fluoride salt, anhydrous hydrogenfluoride and white carbon black are the main utilization methods of waste gas containing fluorine. It is pointthat utilization of fluorine and sillicon resources at the same time is the main research direction in the future.
引文
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[35] CAI X,HONG R Y,WANG L S,et al. Synthesis of silica powders by pressured carbonation[J]. Chemicl Engineering Journal,2009,151(1):380-386.
[36] DREVETON A. Manufacture of Aluminium Fluoride of High Density and Anhydrous Hydrofluoric Acid from Fluosilicic Acid[J]. Procedia Engineering,2012,46(3):255-265.
[37]卢芳仪,卢爱军.由氟硅酸制氟化铝的新工艺研究[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2004(1):1-4.
[38]李勇辉,明大增,李志祥,等.磷肥副产氟硅酸制备氟化氢技术[J].磷肥与复肥,2010,25(2):48-51.
[39]闵蒋兴,周翔.氟硅酸的综合利用[J].化学工业与工程技术,1999,20(4):30-33.
[40]胡宏,刘旭.无水氟化氢生产技术的研究进展[J].化工技术与开发,2012,41(6):16-19.
[41] ZAWADZKI B,BULINSKA A,SZULC Z,et al. Method of production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride:US4062930[P].1977-12-13.
[42] DAHLKE T,RUFFINER O,CANT R. Production of HF from H2SiF6[J]. Procedia Engineering,2016,138:231-239.
[43]陈文兴,田娟,周昌平.利用磷肥企业副产氟硅酸制备无水氟化氢的技术[J].现代化工,2013,33(5):92-94.
[44]张志业,陈欣,王辛龙,等.一种催化法制备高纯度硫酸钾的方法:1696058[P]. 2005-11-16.
[45]姚石林.磷矿中氟资源的回收利用[J].中国化工贸易,2013(5):332.
[46]李敬,高永璋,张浩.中国萤石资源现状及可持续发展对策[J].中国矿业,2017,26(10):7-14.
[47]郑典模,刘巍巍,温爱鹏,等.氟硅酸钠分步法制备白炭黑与氟化钠[J].硅酸盐通报,2017,36(3):1003-1008.
[2]尉继英,张振中,江锋,等.有色金属铜镍冶炼烟气中微量氟化物的形态分析[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2010,50(12):1925-1929.
[3]胡震,于海莲.利用磷化工含氟废气制备氢氟酸[J].化工矿物与加工,2014,43(4):17-19.
[4]王敏.含氟废气的综合利用[J].有机氟工业,2007(2):43-47.
[5]夏克立.磷肥生产中的氟回收[J].磷肥与复肥,2005,20(5):60-64,67.
[6]贡长生.现代磷化工技术和应用上册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2013.
[7]蔡祖成.磷矿伴生氟资源综合利用探讨[J].广州化工,2016,44(13):26-28.
[8]王贺云,刘晓红,梁志鸿.磷肥副产氟硅酸综合利用概述[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2005(3):17-20,52.
[9]陶雄.由磷肥副产氟硅酸制取冰晶石的新工艺研究[J].江西化工,2007(1):74-77.
[10]李维红,顾典华,张玲芳.湿法磷酸装置副产氟硅酸含硅胶问题的处理[J].磷肥与复肥,2016,31(4):30-31.
[11]夏克立.我国磷肥生产中氟资源的利用及其经济效益[J].磷肥与复肥,2009,24(4):64-67,82.
[12]杨晓红,薛希仕,王霞.氨法吸收含氟废气的热力学研究[J].广州化工,2015,43(7):42-43.
[13]杨晓红,薛希仕,王霞.氨-氟化铵吸收含氟废气工艺条件研究[J].山东化工,2015,44(8):173-176.
[14]盛军杰. HF气体干法吸附理论与实验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.
[15]赵刚.含氟烟气治理—干法净化技术[J].包钢科技,2002,28(3):72-75.
[16]尹方平,王东田,时海平,等.氢氧化钠改性活性氧化铝除氟效能研究[J].给水排水,2009,35(S1):205-207.
[17]杨洋,张建锋,李潇,等.钙、镁改性氧化铝的氟吸附及再生性能对比研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2013(4):8-12.
[18]刘海刚.改性氧化铝的制备及对铝电解HF气体吸附性能研究[J].轻金属,2016(9):18-21.
[19]邓国民,王垒,赖亦坚,等.活性炭处理酸性污染气体的研究进展[J].材料导报,2010,24(S2):225-229.
[20]干成果,冯莉.负载羟基磷灰石活性炭的制备及除氟性能[J].功能材料,2013,44(22):3243-3246.
[21]胡之阳,唐思远,王静,等.载镧活性炭对水中氟离子的吸附性能研究[J].河南化工,2011,28(19):36-38.
[22]金燕,蒋文举,江霞,等.微波加热对活性炭表面基团及其对SO2吸附性能的影响[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2003,4(4):35-38.
[23]齐庆杰,刘建忠,周俊虎,等.燃煤过程中CaO及钙基固氟剂对氟析出的控制[J].化工学报,2003,54(2):226-231.
[24]赵玮,刘超.完善半干法除氟脱硫净化工艺[J].包钢科技,2013,39(3):83-85.
[25]常瑞卿,宝文宏,马志明. ENS半干法除氟脱硫技术在烧结烟气净化中的应用[J].环境工程,2008,26(6):78-81.
[26]刘海.湿法磷酸副产低浓度氟硅酸制氟硅酸钠清洁生产工艺[J].磷肥与复肥,2014,29(3):67.
[27]卢爱军,卢芳仪.氟化钠制备新工艺[J].海湖盐与化工,2004,33(3):4-7.
[28]卢芳仪,刘晓红,饶志刚,等.由氟硅酸制氟化钠和白炭黑的工艺研究[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2000(6):6-9.
[29]张志业,王励生.由磷肥厂副产氟硅酸生产无水氟化氢[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2006(2):6-9.
[30]卢芳仪,卢爱军.氟硅酸制氟化钠新工艺的研究[J].硫酸工业,2004(2):25-29.
[31]郭伟杰.由磷肥企业副产氟硅酸制备氟化钠的研究[J].中国资源综合利用,2007,25(11):4-6.
[32] XU H,LI G,CHENG J F,et al. Recovery of high sp-ecific area silica and sodium fluoride from sodium he-xafluorosilicate[J].Journal of Central South University,2014,21(11):4084-4090.
[33] ERASOV V S,GALIMOVA A Z,SOLOV'EVA T S,et al. The structure and adsorption properties of colloidal sili-ca used in toothpastes[J]. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry,2013,86(5):629-634.
[34] SARAWADE P B,SHAO G N,DANG V Q,et al. Effect of various structure directing agents on the physicoc-hemical properties of the silica aerogels prepared at an ambientpressure[J]. Applied Surface Science,2013,287(12):84-90.
[35] CAI X,HONG R Y,WANG L S,et al. Synthesis of silica powders by pressured carbonation[J]. Chemicl Engineering Journal,2009,151(1):380-386.
[36] DREVETON A. Manufacture of Aluminium Fluoride of High Density and Anhydrous Hydrofluoric Acid from Fluosilicic Acid[J]. Procedia Engineering,2012,46(3):255-265.
[37]卢芳仪,卢爱军.由氟硅酸制氟化铝的新工艺研究[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2004(1):1-4.
[38]李勇辉,明大增,李志祥,等.磷肥副产氟硅酸制备氟化氢技术[J].磷肥与复肥,2010,25(2):48-51.
[39]闵蒋兴,周翔.氟硅酸的综合利用[J].化学工业与工程技术,1999,20(4):30-33.
[40]胡宏,刘旭.无水氟化氢生产技术的研究进展[J].化工技术与开发,2012,41(6):16-19.
[41] ZAWADZKI B,BULINSKA A,SZULC Z,et al. Method of production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride:US4062930[P].1977-12-13.
[42] DAHLKE T,RUFFINER O,CANT R. Production of HF from H2SiF6[J]. Procedia Engineering,2016,138:231-239.
[43]陈文兴,田娟,周昌平.利用磷肥企业副产氟硅酸制备无水氟化氢的技术[J].现代化工,2013,33(5):92-94.
[44]张志业,陈欣,王辛龙,等.一种催化法制备高纯度硫酸钾的方法:1696058[P]. 2005-11-16.
[45]姚石林.磷矿中氟资源的回收利用[J].中国化工贸易,2013(5):332.
[46]李敬,高永璋,张浩.中国萤石资源现状及可持续发展对策[J].中国矿业,2017,26(10):7-14.
[47]郑典模,刘巍巍,温爱鹏,等.氟硅酸钠分步法制备白炭黑与氟化钠[J].硅酸盐通报,2017,36(3):1003-1008.