半夏生品及其炮制品的有效成分和功效的差异性比较
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摘要
目的探讨半夏及其炮制品中所含有的有效成分,并对其功效进行研究。方法检测半夏与其炮制品姜半夏、法半夏、清半夏的水提取物中的甘草苷、鸟苷、6-姜辣素、肌苷、腺苷、甘草酸铵、琥珀酸和盐酸麻黄碱,检测方法为HPLC。用浓氨水刺激小鼠引咳、小鼠气管段酚红法研究半夏的止咳、祛痰功效。结果与半夏相比,其炮制品中的腺苷、盐酸麻黄碱、肌苷、琥珀酸和鸟苷的比例较低,但法半夏中没有肌苷。肌苷、腺苷、鸟苷和琥珀酸的比例最多的是清半夏,最低的是姜半夏,但三种炮制品的祛痰效果一致。止咳效果最好的法半夏,然后是清半夏与半夏,效果最弱的是姜半夏。清半夏中加入白矾,化痰功效更强。法半夏经过甘草和石灰水制,再加入甘草酸铵和甘草苷,能够提高止咳效果。姜半夏经过白矾和生姜制,再加入6-姜辣素,可提高止呕吐效果,消弱止咳化痰的功效。结论半夏经过炮制后,其有效成分、临床效果都会出现变化,炮制方法不同,对有效成分及功效也会有所差异。
Objective To investigate the active ingredients and efficacy of Pinellia ternata and its processed products.Methods The glycyrrhizin, guanosine, 6-glycine, inosine, adenosine, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, succinic acid and ephedrine hydrochloride in the water extracts of Pinellia ternata and its processed products, ginger Pinellia, Rhizoma Pinellia and Rhizoma Pinellia without adjuvant was detected with HPLC. The mice were stimulated with concentrated ammonia to induce cough and the tracheal segment phenol red method in mice was used to study the antitussive and expectorant effects of Pinellia ternata.Results Compared with Pinellia, the ratio of adenosine, ephedrine hydrochloride, inosine, succinic acid and guanosine in the processed products was lower, but there was no inosine in Rhizoma Pinellia. The highest proportion of inosine, adenosine,guanosine and succinic acid is in Rhizoma Pinellia without adjuvant, and the lowest is ginger Pinellia, but the three potions have the same expectorant effect. The best method for relieving cough is Rhizoma Pinellia, followed by Rhizoma Pinellia and Rhizoma Pinellia without adjuvant, and the weakest effect is ginger Pinellia. Adding white peony in the Rhizoma Pinellia without adjuvant, the effect of phlegm is stronger. The Pinellia ternate made of licorice and lime water, and then added with mmonium glycyrrhizinate and glycyrrhizin, can improve the antitussive effect. Ginger Pinellia made from white peony and ginger, and then added with 6-gingerin, which can improve the effect of stopping vomiting and weakening the effect of relieving cough and removing phlegm. Conclusion After the preparation of Pinellia ternata, its active ingredients and clinical effects will change. The effective ingredients and effects will be different depending on the processing methods.
Objective To investigate the active ingredients and efficacy of Pinellia ternata and its processed products.Methods The glycyrrhizin, guanosine, 6-glycine, inosine, adenosine, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, succinic acid and ephedrine hydrochloride in the water extracts of Pinellia ternata and its processed products, ginger Pinellia, Rhizoma Pinellia and Rhizoma Pinellia without adjuvant was detected with HPLC. The mice were stimulated with concentrated ammonia to induce cough and the tracheal segment phenol red method in mice was used to study the antitussive and expectorant effects of Pinellia ternata.Results Compared with Pinellia, the ratio of adenosine, ephedrine hydrochloride, inosine, succinic acid and guanosine in the processed products was lower, but there was no inosine in Rhizoma Pinellia. The highest proportion of inosine, adenosine,guanosine and succinic acid is in Rhizoma Pinellia without adjuvant, and the lowest is ginger Pinellia, but the three potions have the same expectorant effect. The best method for relieving cough is Rhizoma Pinellia, followed by Rhizoma Pinellia and Rhizoma Pinellia without adjuvant, and the weakest effect is ginger Pinellia. Adding white peony in the Rhizoma Pinellia without adjuvant, the effect of phlegm is stronger. The Pinellia ternate made of licorice and lime water, and then added with mmonium glycyrrhizinate and glycyrrhizin, can improve the antitussive effect. Ginger Pinellia made from white peony and ginger, and then added with 6-gingerin, which can improve the effect of stopping vomiting and weakening the effect of relieving cough and removing phlegm. Conclusion After the preparation of Pinellia ternata, its active ingredients and clinical effects will change. The effective ingredients and effects will be different depending on the processing methods.
引文
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[6]杨冰月,李敏,敬勇,等.半夏及其炮制品有效成分及功效的差异研究[J].中草药,2018,49(18):4349-4355.
[7]陈红军,刘纪青.炮制对半夏及其炮制品浸出物的影响研究[J].中国医药科学,2011,01(17):46-46,53.
[2]杨冰月,李敏,任敏,等.基于灰色关联度分析法对半夏及其炮制品总有机酸止咳作用的谱-效关系研究[J].中草药,2016,47(13):2301-2307.
[3]方媚媚,林思思,袁拯忠,等.不同半夏炮制品对小鼠镇静作用的比较[J].医学研究杂志,2016,45(2):71-75.
[4]杨冰月,李敏,吴发明,等.基于止咳效价评价半夏及其炮制品品质的方法研究[J].中草药,2015,46(17):2586-2592.
[5]何丹,杨林,秦少容,等.超高效液相色谱法测定半夏不同炮制品中核苷类成分含量[J].医药导报,2015,34(2):231-234.
[6]杨冰月,李敏,敬勇,等.半夏及其炮制品有效成分及功效的差异研究[J].中草药,2018,49(18):4349-4355.
[7]陈红军,刘纪青.炮制对半夏及其炮制品浸出物的影响研究[J].中国医药科学,2011,01(17):46-46,53.