相变储能材料及其应用研究进展
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摘要
人类在面临化石能源枯竭的同时,对能量的利用率依然还停留在较低的水平。因此,在大力发展新能源的同时,着力研发节能环保新材料新技术具有十分重要的意义。相变材料(phase-change materials, PCM)是一种节能环保的储能材料,它在蓄热与温控等领域具有大规模商业应用的潜力。本文首先对相变储能材料的基本特征、工作原理以及分类等方面作了简要的介绍;并就相变储能材料在温控与蓄热等领域的应用与发展情况进行了具体的分析,指出了PCM的性能是制约其深入广泛应用的主要技术障碍。在此基础上,详细评述了PCM存在的主要问题以及针对这些问题开展的相关研究工作和最新发展动态,指出通过功能复合等新技术优化材料性能、设计新材料体系、拓展新的应用领域将是相变储能材料未来的主要发展方向。
Currently, the utilization efficiency of energy still remains at a low level, although the depletion of fossil fuel is appoaching. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new materials and technologies for energy-saving and environment protection. Phase-change materials(PCM), which can absorb or release heat through inversible phase change, are very promising in the fields of heat storage and thermal management. In this paper, the characteristics and classification of PCM were introduced briefly in the first section, and then the application and development status of PCM were reviewed and analyzed detailedly. In the third part, the main problems of PCM were pointed out, and the related research work and recent research progress were analyzed and discussed. Finally, it was pointed out that optimizing material properties through new functional composite technology, designing new material system, expanding new application fields are the main development directions of phase change energy storage materials.
Currently, the utilization efficiency of energy still remains at a low level, although the depletion of fossil fuel is appoaching. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new materials and technologies for energy-saving and environment protection. Phase-change materials(PCM), which can absorb or release heat through inversible phase change, are very promising in the fields of heat storage and thermal management. In this paper, the characteristics and classification of PCM were introduced briefly in the first section, and then the application and development status of PCM were reviewed and analyzed detailedly. In the third part, the main problems of PCM were pointed out, and the related research work and recent research progress were analyzed and discussed. Finally, it was pointed out that optimizing material properties through new functional composite technology, designing new material system, expanding new application fields are the main development directions of phase change energy storage materials.
引文
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[2] 任杰锶,董小瑞,张鹏程,等.基于热管技术的柴油机燃油加热系统性能分析[J].内燃机工程,2018,39(1):56-62.REN J S,DONG X R,ZHANG P C,et al.Performance analysis of the diesel engine fuel heating system based on heat pipe technology [J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2018,39(1):56-62.
[3] 王生刚.火力发电厂能量损耗及节能措施[J].电子测试,2017,13:101-102.WANG S G.Energy loss and energy saving measures in thermal power plants [J].Electronic Test,2017,13:101-102.
[4] MIAO C L,FANG D B,SUN L Y,et al.Driving effect of tech-nology innovation on energy utilization efficiency in strategic emerging industries[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,170:1177-1184.
[5] STEPHANE R C,PUDLEINER D,PIELLI K.Energy efficien-cy as a means to expand energy access:a Uganda roadmap[J].Energy Policy,2018,120:354-364.
[6] VEERAKUMAR C,SREEKUMAR A.Phase change material based cold thermal energy storage:materials,techniques and applications-a review[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2016,67:271-289.
[7] MOHAMED H K,MOHAMED E M,OSAMA S,et al.An experimental evaluation of direct flow evacuated tube solar coll-ector integrated with phase change material[J].Energy,2017,139:1111-1125.
[8] ZHANG Q N,HUO Y T,RAO Z H.Numerical study on solid-liquid phase change in paraffin as phase change material for batt-ery thermal management[J].Science Bulletin,2016,61(5):391-400.
[9] AN Z J,JIA L,DING Y,et al.A review on lithium-ion power battery thermal management technologies and thermal safety[J].Journal of Thermal Science,2017,26(5):391-412.
[10] 饶中浩,汪双凤,张艳来,等.相变材料热物理性质的分子动力学模拟[J].物理学报,2013,62(5):331-336.RAO Z H,WANG S F,ZHANG Y L,et al.Molecular dyn-amics simulation of thermal physical properties of phase transition materials [J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(5):331-336.
[11] 孙小琴.相变材料蓄放热机理及其基站冷却的能效研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2014.SUN X Q.Study on heat storage and release mechanism of phase-change materials and energy efficiency of base station cooling[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2014.
[12] ZALBA B,MARIN J M,CABEZA L F,et al.Review on the-rmal energy storage with phase change:materials,heat transfer analysis and application[J].Applied Thermal Enginering,2003,23:251-283.
[13] SHARMA A,TYAGI V V,CHEN C R,et al.Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and appli-cations[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2009,13:318-345.
[14] WEI G S,WANG G,XU C,et al.Selection principles and thermophysical properties of high temperature phase change materials for thermal energy storage:a review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,81(2):1771-1786.
[15] 袁亚光,袁艳平,张楠,等.月桂酸-棕榈酸-硬脂酸/膨胀石墨复合相变材料的制备及性能[J].化工学报,2014,65(增刊2):286-292.YUAN Y G,YUAN Y P,ZHANG N,et al.Preparation and properties of lauric acid-palmitate-stearic acid/expanded graphite composite phase transition materials [J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering,2014,65(Suppl 2):286-292.
[16] 黄金,柯秀芳.无机水合盐相变材料Na2SO4·10H2O的研究进展[J].材料导报,2008,22(3):63-67.HUANG J,KE X F.Research progress of inorganic hydrate phase transition material Na2SO4·10H2O [J].Materials Revi-ew,2008,22(3):63-67.
[17] 任迎蕾,纪珺,章学来,等.八水合氢氧化钡复合相变材料的制备及热力学性能研究[J].材料导报,2016,30(增刊2):194-197.REN Y L,JI J,ZHANG X L,et al.Preparation and therm-odynamic properties of barium hydroxide composite phase tran-sition materials with octahydrate [J].Materials Review,2016,30(Suppl 2):194-197.
[18] 苑坤杰,张正国,方晓明,等.水合无机盐及其复合相变储热材料的研究进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(6):1820-1826.YUAN K J,ZHANG Z G,FANG X M,et al.Research prog-ress of hydrated inorganic salt and its composite phase change heat storage materials [J].Chemical Progress,2016,35(6):1820-1826.
[19] 盛强,邢玉明.Ba(OH) 2·8H2O/泡沫铜相变复合材料的制备及传热性能[J].复合材料学报,2014,31(6):1566-1572.SHENG Q,XING Y M.Preparation and heat transfer prop-erties of Ba(OH)2·8H2O/foamed copper phase transition composites [J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2014,31(6):1566-1572.
[20] RAO Z,QIAN Z,KUANG Y,et al.Thermal performance of liquid cooling based thermal management system for cylindrical lithium-ion battery module with variable contact surface[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,123:1514-1522.
[21] ZHAO R,GU J,LIU J.Optimization of a phase change mat-erial based internal cooling system for cylindrical Li-ion battery pack and a hybrid cooling design[J].Energy,2017,135:811-822.
[22] LIU Z,WANG Y,ZHANG J,et al.Short cut computation for the thermal management of a large air-cooled battery pack[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2014,6(1/2):45-452.
[23] 彭毅.基于植物叶片结构的仿生均热板研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.PENG Y.Study on bionic heat equalizer based on plant leaf structure [D].Guangzhou:South China University of Techn-ology,2015.
[24] YAN J,WANG Q,LI K,et al.Numerical study on the thermal performance of a composite board in battery thermal management system[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,106:131-140.
[25] MAO D L,PENG L.Simulation analysis of battery thermal management system using phase change material (PCM)[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,2755(433):2107-2112.
[26] RAMANDI M Y,DINCER I,NATERER G F.Heat transfer and thermal management of electric vehicle batteries with phase change materials[J].Heat and Mass Transfer,2011,47(7):777-788.
[27] YAN J,LI K,CHEN H,et al.Experimental study on the application of phase change material in the dynamic cycling of battery pack system[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2016,128:12-19.
[28] 凌子夜.基于膨胀石墨基复合相变材料的动力电池热管理系统性能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2016.LING Z Y.Study on the performance of thermal management system for power cells based on expanded graphite-based composite phase transition materials [D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2016.
[29] WU W,YANG X,ZHANG G,et al.Experimental investig-ation on the thermal performance of heat pipe-assisted phase change material based battery thermal management system[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2017,138:486-492.
[30] NOUIRA M,SAMMOUDA H.Numerical study of an inclined photovoltaic system coupled with phase change material under various operating conditions[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2018,141:958-975.
[31] 严佳佳.基于相变散热的动力电池热管理系统研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2017.YAN J J.Study on thermal management system of power battery based on phase-change heat dissipation [D].Hefei:China University of Science and Technology,2017.
[32] 李胜,刘立磊,王宇彤,等.基于复合相变材料的室内自调温系统设计[J].新型建筑材料,2018,45(2):83-87.LI S,LIU L L,WANG Y T,et al.Design of indoor self-tempering system based on composite phase transition materials [J].New Building Materials,2018,45(2):83-87.
[33] BOUSSABA L,MAKHLOUF S,FOUFA A A.Experimenta-tion of a novel composite phase change material for thermal comfort improvement and energy saving in buildings[J].Journal of Building Materials and Structures,2018,5(1):43-54.
[34] PITI S,TIDARAT S,WONCHALERM C,et al.Improving thermal properties of exterior plastering mortars with phase change materials with different melting temperatures:paraffin and polyethylene glycol[J].Advances in Building Energy Research,2018:1-12.
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