地铁列车曲线运行振动源强特性分析
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摘要
城市轨道交通线路的一个重要特征是曲线占比高,当列车通过曲线轨道时,其特殊的振动源强特性产生了与直线轨道不同的环境振动影响,以往计算与评估并未对此做出严谨的考虑,从而带来了较大的评估误差。作为轨道交通环境振动与二次噪声评估的一个重要因素,地铁列车曲线运行产生的振动源强,至今为止尚未研究清楚。为了填补这一空白,本文基于轮轨跟随模式,采用频域解析方法,建立了曲线轨道-车辆动力耦合解析模型,系统深入地研究了地铁曲线轨道源强支反力的振动强度、方向以及频域响应特性,研究了曲线行车时车-轨关键参数与振动源强的因果关系。这将提高曲线轨道振动影响预测的准确性,满足城市轨道交通环境振动影响预测与评估的实际需要。
An important feature of urban rail transit is the high proportion of the curved track. As the subway train operates on the curved track, the special vibration characteristics caused by the impact between the curved track and vehicle will make different environmental vibration influence from the impact between the straight line and the vehicle. However, previous calculations and evaluations have not taken this into account rigorously, causing a certain error in the evaluation of train-induced environment vibration. As an important factor affecting the train-induced environmental vibration and the secondary noise of the structure, the vibration source generated during the subway train passing through the curve track has been unclear so far. In order to fill this gap, an analytical model of coupled vehicle-curved track in the frequency domain was established. Based on this model, the vibration source intensity, direction and frequency domain response characteristics of the curved track were analyzed systematically. The relationship between the vibration source of the curved track and the key parameters of the vehicle-rail was also studied. Therefore, the accuracy of curved track vibration impact prediction can be improved and it will be sufficient to meet the needs of the accuracy and reliability for the prediction and assessment of train-induced environmental vibration.
An important feature of urban rail transit is the high proportion of the curved track. As the subway train operates on the curved track, the special vibration characteristics caused by the impact between the curved track and vehicle will make different environmental vibration influence from the impact between the straight line and the vehicle. However, previous calculations and evaluations have not taken this into account rigorously, causing a certain error in the evaluation of train-induced environment vibration. As an important factor affecting the train-induced environmental vibration and the secondary noise of the structure, the vibration source generated during the subway train passing through the curve track has been unclear so far. In order to fill this gap, an analytical model of coupled vehicle-curved track in the frequency domain was established. Based on this model, the vibration source intensity, direction and frequency domain response characteristics of the curved track were analyzed systematically. The relationship between the vibration source of the curved track and the key parameters of the vehicle-rail was also studied. Therefore, the accuracy of curved track vibration impact prediction can be improved and it will be sufficient to meet the needs of the accuracy and reliability for the prediction and assessment of train-induced environmental vibration.
引文
[1] 刘维宁,马蒙.地铁列车振动环境影响的预测、评估与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[2] 夏禾.交通环境振动工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[3] 顾保南,姜晓明,程曜彦,等.论城市轨道交通最小曲线半径标准的选择[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(4):428-431.GU Baonan,JIANG Xiaoming,CHENG Yaoyan,et al.Study on Radii Standard of Urban Rail Transit in China[J].Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science),2003,31(4):428-431.
[4] 袁扬,刘维宁,刘卫丰.基于现场测试的曲线段地铁地面振动传播规律[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(4):133-138.YUAN Yang,LIU Weining,LIU Weifeng.Propagation Law of Ground Vibration in the Curve Section of Metro Based on In-situ Measurement[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(4):133-138.
[5] 柴小艳.城市轨道交通小半径曲线设计探讨[J].城市轨道交通研究,2016,19(9):52-55.CHAI Xiaoyan.On Small Radius Curve Design for Urban Rail Transit[J].Urban Mass Transit,2016,19(9):52-55.
[6] 杜林林.地铁列车曲线运行车轨耦合解析模型及振源特性研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2018.
[7] ZHANG H G,LIU W N,LIU W F,et al.Study on the Cause and Treatment of Rail Corrugation for Beijing Metro[J].Wear,2014,317(1/2):120-128.
[8] ZHANG H G,LIU W N,LI K F,et al.Analytical Solution for Dynamic Response of Curved Rail Subjected to Moving Train[J].Journal of Vibroengineering,2014,16(4):2070-2081.
[9] 何鉴辞,童湘雄,唐剑,等.某高速铁路高架线路直线与曲线段环境振动实测对比分析[J].铁道标准设计,2018,62(6):40-44.HE Jianci,TONG Xiangxiong,TANG Jian,et al.Contrastive Analysis of Environment Vibration of Elevated Straight and Curved Lines of High-speed Railway[J].Railway Standard Design,2018,62(6):40-44.
[10] 张燕.曲线地段地铁诱发的大地振动规律探讨[J].铁道建筑,2015(8):76-79.ZHANG Yan.Exploring on Regularity of Ground Vibration Induced by Metro Train Running at Curved Section[J].Railway Engineering,2015(8):76-79.
[11] 张啟乐,刘林芽,李纪阳.曲线地段地铁振动对邻近建筑的影响分析[J].噪声与振动控制,2015,35(4):115-120.ZHANG Qile,LIU Linya,LI Jiyang.Analysis of the Impact Induced by Vibration of Curved Segment of Subways on Adjacent Buildings[J].Noise And Vibration Control,2015,35(4):115-120.
[12] 王开云.提速和高速铁路曲线轨道轮轨动态相互作用性能匹配研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012.
[13] 金学松,吴越,梁树林,等.车轮非圆化磨耗问题研究进展[J].西南交通大学学报,2018,53(1):1-14.JIN Xuesong,WU Yue,LIANG Shulin,et al.Mechanisms and Countermeasures of Out-of-roundness Wear on Railway Vehicle Wheels[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2018,53(1):1-14.
[14] 贾颖绚.基于解析的车轨耦合模型及地铁对环境的振动影响研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009.
[15] 袁扬.地铁列车振动环境响应预测的人工单点列脉冲激励方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.
[16] 陈瑞春.西安地铁列车振动对钟楼影响的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2008.
[17] 金学松,赵国堂,梁树林,等.高速铁路轮轨磨损特征、机理、影响和对策:车轮踏面横向磨耗[J].机械工程学报,2018,54(4):3-14.JIN Xuesong,ZHAO Guotang,LIANG Shulin,et al.Characteristics,Mechanisms,Influences and Counter Measures of High Speed Wheel/Rail Wear:Transverse Wear of Wheel Tread[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(4):3-14.
[18] ZHOU L,SHEN Z Y.Dynamic Analysis of a High-speed Train Operating on a Curved Track with Failed Fasteners[J].Journal of Zhejiang University Science A,2013,14(6):447-458.
[19] DAI Jian.Analysis of High-speed Rail (HSR) System[D].Singapor:National University of Singapore,2014.
[20] 姚玲森.曲线梁[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1989.
[21] 汉斯 C P.结构杆件的弯曲与扭转[M].常岭,吴绍本,译.北京:人民交通出版社,1981.
[22] WANG T M,LASKEY A J,AHMAD M F.Natural Frequencies for Out-of-plane Vibrations of Continuous Curved Beams Considering Shear and Rotary Inertia[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1984,20(3):257-265.
[23] BELOTSERKOVSKIY P M.On the Oscillations of Infinite Periodic Beams Subjected to a Moving Concentrated Force[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1996,193(3):705-712.
[24] 马龙祥,刘维宁,李克飞.移动荷载作用下浮置板轨道振动响应的频域快速数值算法[J].铁道学报,2014,36(2):86-94.MA Longxiang,LIU Weining,LI Kefei.Fast Numerical Algorithm of Floating Slab Track Vibration Response under Moving Loads in the Frequency Domain[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2014,36(2):86-94.
[25] 杜林林,刘维宁,刘卫丰,等.曲线轨道空间振动响应特性研究[J].土木工程学报,2018,51(9):110-120.DU Linlin,LIU Weining,LIU Weifeng,et al.Study on Dynamic Characteristics of a Curved Track in 3 Dimensions[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2018,51(9):110-120.
[26] 马龙祥.基于无限-周期结构理论的车轨耦合及隧道-地层振动响应分析模型研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.
[27] 国家环境保护局.GB 10070—1988 城市区域环境振动标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.
[28] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.JGJ/T 170—2009城市轨道交通引起建筑物振动及二次辐射噪声限值及其测量方法标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[29] 翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学[M].4版.北京:科学出版社,2015.
[30] 张楠,夏禾,郭薇薇.基于轮轨线性相互作用假定的车桥相互作用理论及应用[J].铁道学报,2010,32(2):66-71.ZHANG Nan,XIA He,GUO Weiwei.Vehicle-bridge Interaction Theory and Application Based on Linear Wheel-track Interaction Assumption[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,32(2):66-71.
[31] ZHANG N,XIA H,GUO W W,et al.A Vehicle-Bridge Linear Interaction Model and Its Validation[J].International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics,2010,10(2):335-361.
[32] 王福天.车辆动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1981.
[33] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50157—2013 地铁设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.
[2] 夏禾.交通环境振动工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[3] 顾保南,姜晓明,程曜彦,等.论城市轨道交通最小曲线半径标准的选择[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(4):428-431.GU Baonan,JIANG Xiaoming,CHENG Yaoyan,et al.Study on Radii Standard of Urban Rail Transit in China[J].Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science),2003,31(4):428-431.
[4] 袁扬,刘维宁,刘卫丰.基于现场测试的曲线段地铁地面振动传播规律[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(4):133-138.YUAN Yang,LIU Weining,LIU Weifeng.Propagation Law of Ground Vibration in the Curve Section of Metro Based on In-situ Measurement[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(4):133-138.
[5] 柴小艳.城市轨道交通小半径曲线设计探讨[J].城市轨道交通研究,2016,19(9):52-55.CHAI Xiaoyan.On Small Radius Curve Design for Urban Rail Transit[J].Urban Mass Transit,2016,19(9):52-55.
[6] 杜林林.地铁列车曲线运行车轨耦合解析模型及振源特性研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2018.
[7] ZHANG H G,LIU W N,LIU W F,et al.Study on the Cause and Treatment of Rail Corrugation for Beijing Metro[J].Wear,2014,317(1/2):120-128.
[8] ZHANG H G,LIU W N,LI K F,et al.Analytical Solution for Dynamic Response of Curved Rail Subjected to Moving Train[J].Journal of Vibroengineering,2014,16(4):2070-2081.
[9] 何鉴辞,童湘雄,唐剑,等.某高速铁路高架线路直线与曲线段环境振动实测对比分析[J].铁道标准设计,2018,62(6):40-44.HE Jianci,TONG Xiangxiong,TANG Jian,et al.Contrastive Analysis of Environment Vibration of Elevated Straight and Curved Lines of High-speed Railway[J].Railway Standard Design,2018,62(6):40-44.
[10] 张燕.曲线地段地铁诱发的大地振动规律探讨[J].铁道建筑,2015(8):76-79.ZHANG Yan.Exploring on Regularity of Ground Vibration Induced by Metro Train Running at Curved Section[J].Railway Engineering,2015(8):76-79.
[11] 张啟乐,刘林芽,李纪阳.曲线地段地铁振动对邻近建筑的影响分析[J].噪声与振动控制,2015,35(4):115-120.ZHANG Qile,LIU Linya,LI Jiyang.Analysis of the Impact Induced by Vibration of Curved Segment of Subways on Adjacent Buildings[J].Noise And Vibration Control,2015,35(4):115-120.
[12] 王开云.提速和高速铁路曲线轨道轮轨动态相互作用性能匹配研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012.
[13] 金学松,吴越,梁树林,等.车轮非圆化磨耗问题研究进展[J].西南交通大学学报,2018,53(1):1-14.JIN Xuesong,WU Yue,LIANG Shulin,et al.Mechanisms and Countermeasures of Out-of-roundness Wear on Railway Vehicle Wheels[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2018,53(1):1-14.
[14] 贾颖绚.基于解析的车轨耦合模型及地铁对环境的振动影响研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009.
[15] 袁扬.地铁列车振动环境响应预测的人工单点列脉冲激励方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.
[16] 陈瑞春.西安地铁列车振动对钟楼影响的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2008.
[17] 金学松,赵国堂,梁树林,等.高速铁路轮轨磨损特征、机理、影响和对策:车轮踏面横向磨耗[J].机械工程学报,2018,54(4):3-14.JIN Xuesong,ZHAO Guotang,LIANG Shulin,et al.Characteristics,Mechanisms,Influences and Counter Measures of High Speed Wheel/Rail Wear:Transverse Wear of Wheel Tread[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(4):3-14.
[18] ZHOU L,SHEN Z Y.Dynamic Analysis of a High-speed Train Operating on a Curved Track with Failed Fasteners[J].Journal of Zhejiang University Science A,2013,14(6):447-458.
[19] DAI Jian.Analysis of High-speed Rail (HSR) System[D].Singapor:National University of Singapore,2014.
[20] 姚玲森.曲线梁[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1989.
[21] 汉斯 C P.结构杆件的弯曲与扭转[M].常岭,吴绍本,译.北京:人民交通出版社,1981.
[22] WANG T M,LASKEY A J,AHMAD M F.Natural Frequencies for Out-of-plane Vibrations of Continuous Curved Beams Considering Shear and Rotary Inertia[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1984,20(3):257-265.
[23] BELOTSERKOVSKIY P M.On the Oscillations of Infinite Periodic Beams Subjected to a Moving Concentrated Force[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1996,193(3):705-712.
[24] 马龙祥,刘维宁,李克飞.移动荷载作用下浮置板轨道振动响应的频域快速数值算法[J].铁道学报,2014,36(2):86-94.MA Longxiang,LIU Weining,LI Kefei.Fast Numerical Algorithm of Floating Slab Track Vibration Response under Moving Loads in the Frequency Domain[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2014,36(2):86-94.
[25] 杜林林,刘维宁,刘卫丰,等.曲线轨道空间振动响应特性研究[J].土木工程学报,2018,51(9):110-120.DU Linlin,LIU Weining,LIU Weifeng,et al.Study on Dynamic Characteristics of a Curved Track in 3 Dimensions[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2018,51(9):110-120.
[26] 马龙祥.基于无限-周期结构理论的车轨耦合及隧道-地层振动响应分析模型研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.
[27] 国家环境保护局.GB 10070—1988 城市区域环境振动标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.
[28] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.JGJ/T 170—2009城市轨道交通引起建筑物振动及二次辐射噪声限值及其测量方法标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[29] 翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学[M].4版.北京:科学出版社,2015.
[30] 张楠,夏禾,郭薇薇.基于轮轨线性相互作用假定的车桥相互作用理论及应用[J].铁道学报,2010,32(2):66-71.ZHANG Nan,XIA He,GUO Weiwei.Vehicle-bridge Interaction Theory and Application Based on Linear Wheel-track Interaction Assumption[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,32(2):66-71.
[31] ZHANG N,XIA H,GUO W W,et al.A Vehicle-Bridge Linear Interaction Model and Its Validation[J].International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics,2010,10(2):335-361.
[32] 王福天.车辆动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1981.
[33] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50157—2013 地铁设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.