网络结构对企业技术能力的作用机制——外部知识管理的中介效应
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摘要
基于网络结构、外部知识管理和技术能力关系中介效应模型,通过实证发现:网络中心度、网络规模能提升外部知识获取和知识转移效率,网络多样性则只正向影响对外部知识获取。外部知识获取只对技术基础能力产生正向作用,外部知识转移则与技术基础能力和创新能力是显著正向关系。技术基础能力与技术创新能力之间是显著强关系,且外部知识获取对外部知识转移产生显著正向影响。
The paper proposes the mediating effect model of network structure,external knowledge management and technology capability. The conclusions are drawn as follows: Network centrality and network size can enhance the efficiency of external knowledge acquisition and knowledge transfer. Network diversity has positive effect on external knowledge acquisition.External knowledge acquisition only acts on technological fundamental capability,external knowledge transfer has significant positive effects on technology fundamental capability and innovation capability. There is a significant strong relationship between technical fundamental capability and technological innovation capability,and external knowledge acquisition has a significantly positive affect on external knowledge transfer.
The paper proposes the mediating effect model of network structure,external knowledge management and technology capability. The conclusions are drawn as follows: Network centrality and network size can enhance the efficiency of external knowledge acquisition and knowledge transfer. Network diversity has positive effect on external knowledge acquisition.External knowledge acquisition only acts on technological fundamental capability,external knowledge transfer has significant positive effects on technology fundamental capability and innovation capability. There is a significant strong relationship between technical fundamental capability and technological innovation capability,and external knowledge acquisition has a significantly positive affect on external knowledge transfer.
引文
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[2] Chuluun T,Prevost A,Upadhyay A. Firm Network Structure and Innovation[J]. Journal of Corporate Finance,2017,44:193-214.
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[8] Yu S H. Social Capital,Absorptive Capability,and Firm Innovation[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2013,80(7):1261-1270.
[9]王建刚,吴洁.网络结构与企业竞争优势——基于知识转移能力的调节效应[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2016(5):55-66.
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[12] Shiri G,Sauvée L,Abdirahman Z Z. Bridge and Redundant Ties in Networks:The Impact on Innovation in Food SMEs[J]. European Journal of Innovation Management,2015,18(3):355-379.
[13] Ozer M,Demirkan I,Gokalp O N. Collaboration Networks and Innovation:Does Corporate Lobbying Matter?[J]. Journal of Strategy and Management,2013,6(3):286-308.
[14]经济合作与发展组织,欧盟统计署.奥斯陆手册:创新数据的采集与解释指南[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2011. 13-16.
[15] Kraaijenbrink J,Wijnhoven F,Groen A. Towards a Kernel Theory of External Knowledge Integration for High-tech Firms:Exploring a Failed Theory Test[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2007,74(8):1215-1233.
[16]曹兴.技术联盟知识转移行为研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2013. 68-72.
[17] Cummings J N. Work Groups,Structural Diversity,and Knowledge Sharing in a Global Organization[J]. Management Science,2004,50(3):352-364.
[18] Goerzen A,Beamish P W. The Effect of Alliance Network Diversity on Multinational Enterprise Performance[J]. Strategi Management Journal,2005,26(4):333-354.
[19] Liu C L E,Zhang Y. Learning Process and Capability Formation in Cross-border Buyer–supplier Relationships:A Qualitative Case Study of Taiwanese Technological Firms[J]. International Business Review,2014,23(4):718-730.
[20] García F,Avella L,Fernández E. Learning from Exporting:The Moderating Effect of Technological Capabilities[J]. International Business Review,2012,21(6):1099-1111.
[21] Cantner U,Meder A,Ter Wal A L J. Innovator Networks and Regional Knowledge Base[J]. Technovation,2010,30(9):496-507.
[22] Kylheiko K,Jantunen A,Puumalainen K,et al. Innovation and Internationalization as Growth Strategies:The Role of Technological Capabilities and Appropriability[J]. International Business Review,2011,20(5):508-520.
[23]李文博,郑文哲,刘爽.产业集群中知识网络结构的测量研究[J].科学学研究,2008(4):787-792.
[24] Ju T L,Li C Y,Lee T S. A Contingency Model for Knowledge Management Capability and Innovation[J]. Industrial Management&Data Systems,2006,106(6):855-877.
[25] Podsakoff P M,Mac Kenzie S B,Lee J Y,et al. Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research:A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology,2003,88(5):879-903.
(1)问卷有效回收率在50%以上,所收集的数据可以用于分析; 60%以上表明数据收集情况良好; 70%以上属于很好。参考依据来源:Groves R M. Nonresponse rates and nonresponse bias in household surveys. Public opinion quarterly,2006,70(5):646-675.
(1)模型修正每次删除一条最大修正指数路径或连接修正指数最大的两个误差项。由于修正步骤较多,受篇幅限制,本研究直接汇报模型最终拟合的结果。
[2] Chuluun T,Prevost A,Upadhyay A. Firm Network Structure and Innovation[J]. Journal of Corporate Finance,2017,44:193-214.
[3] Oyelaran-Oyeyinka B. Knowledge Networks and Technological Capabilities in the African Manufacturing Cluster[J]. Science,Technology and Society,2003,8(1):1-23.
[4]杨锐,李伟娜.网络结构、关系互动对创新活动的影响——苏州IT产业集群实证分析[J].科学学研究,2010(7):1094-1103.
[5]陈伟,杨早立,张永超.网络结构与企业核心关系实证研究:基于知识共享与知识整合中介效应视角[J].管理评论,2014(6):74-82.
[6] Xie X,Fang L,Zeng S. Collaborative Innovation Network and Knowledge Transfer Performance:A fs QCA Approach[J]. Journal of Business Research,2016,69(11):5210-5215.
[7]刘雪锋,徐芳宁,揭上锋.网络嵌入性与知识获取及企业创新能力关系研究[J].经济管理,2015(3):150-159.
[8] Yu S H. Social Capital,Absorptive Capability,and Firm Innovation[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2013,80(7):1261-1270.
[9]王建刚,吴洁.网络结构与企业竞争优势——基于知识转移能力的调节效应[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2016(5):55-66.
[10] Figueiredo P N. Does Technological Learning Pay Off? Inter-firm Differences in Technological Capability-accumulation Paths and Operational Performance Improvement[J]. Research Policy,2002,31(1):73-94.
[11] Salavisa I,Sousa C,Fontes M. Topologies of Innovation Networks in Knowledge-intensive Sectors:Sectoral Differences in the Access to Knowledge and Complementary Assets through Formal and Informal Ties[J]. Technovation,2012,32(6):380-399.
[12] Shiri G,Sauvée L,Abdirahman Z Z. Bridge and Redundant Ties in Networks:The Impact on Innovation in Food SMEs[J]. European Journal of Innovation Management,2015,18(3):355-379.
[13] Ozer M,Demirkan I,Gokalp O N. Collaboration Networks and Innovation:Does Corporate Lobbying Matter?[J]. Journal of Strategy and Management,2013,6(3):286-308.
[14]经济合作与发展组织,欧盟统计署.奥斯陆手册:创新数据的采集与解释指南[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2011. 13-16.
[15] Kraaijenbrink J,Wijnhoven F,Groen A. Towards a Kernel Theory of External Knowledge Integration for High-tech Firms:Exploring a Failed Theory Test[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2007,74(8):1215-1233.
[16]曹兴.技术联盟知识转移行为研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2013. 68-72.
[17] Cummings J N. Work Groups,Structural Diversity,and Knowledge Sharing in a Global Organization[J]. Management Science,2004,50(3):352-364.
[18] Goerzen A,Beamish P W. The Effect of Alliance Network Diversity on Multinational Enterprise Performance[J]. Strategi Management Journal,2005,26(4):333-354.
[19] Liu C L E,Zhang Y. Learning Process and Capability Formation in Cross-border Buyer–supplier Relationships:A Qualitative Case Study of Taiwanese Technological Firms[J]. International Business Review,2014,23(4):718-730.
[20] García F,Avella L,Fernández E. Learning from Exporting:The Moderating Effect of Technological Capabilities[J]. International Business Review,2012,21(6):1099-1111.
[21] Cantner U,Meder A,Ter Wal A L J. Innovator Networks and Regional Knowledge Base[J]. Technovation,2010,30(9):496-507.
[22] Kylheiko K,Jantunen A,Puumalainen K,et al. Innovation and Internationalization as Growth Strategies:The Role of Technological Capabilities and Appropriability[J]. International Business Review,2011,20(5):508-520.
[23]李文博,郑文哲,刘爽.产业集群中知识网络结构的测量研究[J].科学学研究,2008(4):787-792.
[24] Ju T L,Li C Y,Lee T S. A Contingency Model for Knowledge Management Capability and Innovation[J]. Industrial Management&Data Systems,2006,106(6):855-877.
[25] Podsakoff P M,Mac Kenzie S B,Lee J Y,et al. Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research:A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology,2003,88(5):879-903.
(1)问卷有效回收率在50%以上,所收集的数据可以用于分析; 60%以上表明数据收集情况良好; 70%以上属于很好。参考依据来源:Groves R M. Nonresponse rates and nonresponse bias in household surveys. Public opinion quarterly,2006,70(5):646-675.
(1)模型修正每次删除一条最大修正指数路径或连接修正指数最大的两个误差项。由于修正步骤较多,受篇幅限制,本研究直接汇报模型最终拟合的结果。