考虑区域平衡的最优负荷控制两阶段算法
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摘要
目前关于最优负荷控制的研究主要集中于考虑暂态稳定和电压稳定,较少考虑区域平衡性。为此,构建了考虑区域平衡的最优负荷控制问题非线性模型,提出两阶段优化算法,将模型描述为单区域负荷控制和全区域统筹优化的两阶段混合整数线性规划问题。该算法使每个地区内部负荷分布更为均衡,实现了模型和算法的相互独立,并保证了算法求解的实时性和高效性。实际算例的分析结果验证了所提模型和算法的有效性和实用性。
Current research about optimal load control mainly focuses on transient stability and voltage stability while seldom considering regional balance. Therefore, a non-linear model for optimal load control considering regional balance was constructed and a two-stage optimization algorithm was proposes to describe the model as a two-stage mixed integer linear programming problems including single region load control and whole region optimization. This algorithm makes internal load distribution in every region more balanced, and is able to realize mutual independence of the model and itself and ensure real-time and high efficiency of solution. Analysis results of actual examples verify effectiveness and practicability of the proposed model and the algorithm.
Current research about optimal load control mainly focuses on transient stability and voltage stability while seldom considering regional balance. Therefore, a non-linear model for optimal load control considering regional balance was constructed and a two-stage optimization algorithm was proposes to describe the model as a two-stage mixed integer linear programming problems including single region load control and whole region optimization. This algorithm makes internal load distribution in every region more balanced, and is able to realize mutual independence of the model and itself and ensure real-time and high efficiency of solution. Analysis results of actual examples verify effectiveness and practicability of the proposed model and the algorithm.
引文
[1]袁季修.电力系统安全稳定控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1996.
[2]苗伟威,贾宏杰,董泽寅.基于有功负荷注入空间静态电压稳定域的最小切负荷算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):44-52.MIAO Weiwei,JIA Hongjie,DONG Zeyin.A minimum load shedding calculation algorithm based on static voltage stability region in active load power injection space[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):44-52.
[3]BAI H,AJJARAPU V.A novel online load shedding strategy for mitigating fault-induced delayed voltage recovery[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2011,26(10):294-304.
[4]傅旭,付翀丽,黄明良.一种提高电力系统静态电压稳定裕度的切负荷算法[J].电力建设,2014,35(9):71-75.FU Xu,FU Chongli,HUANG Mingliang.A new load shedding algorithm to improve static voltage stability margin for power system[J].Electric Power Construction,2014,35(9):71-75.
[5]NAKAWIRO W,ERLICH I.Optimal load shedding for voltage stability enhancement by ant colony optimization[C]//International Conference on Intelligent System Applications to Power Systems.Curitiba,Brazil:IEEE Xplore,2009:1-6.
[6]高俊青,胡翔,邵叶晨,等.计及主变上层油温约束的受端电网的最小切负荷量优化方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(15):36-44.GAO Junqing,HU Xiang,SHAO Yechen,et al.Aminimization optimization method of cutting load in receiving power system considering linear constraints of top oil temperature of transformers[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(15):36-44.
[7]陈庆,周海强,朱斌,等.协调经济性及事故评级的紧急减负荷控制优化方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1044-1050.CHEN Qing,ZHOU Haiqiang,ZHU Bin,et al.Coordinated emergency load shedding control optimization algorithm for economic cost and accident assessment[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1044-1050.
[8]苏建军,郭跃进,刘萌,等.紧急切负荷措施的温控负荷控制策略及概率模型[J].电网技术,2018,42(3):911-917.SU Jianjun,GUO Yuejin,LIU Meng,et al.Strategy and probability model for thermostatically controlled loads in emergency load shedding system[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(3):911-917.
[9]李琳,罗剑波,周霞,等.基于风险管理的过载切负荷策略制定[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):821-826.LI Lin,LUO Jianbo,ZHOU Xia,et al.Risk managementbased drafting of overload load shedding strategy[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):821-826.
[10]韩冰,孙世明,赵家庆,等.适应特高压直流闭锁故障处置的批量负荷快速控制关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(17):177-183.HAN Bing,SUN Shiming,ZHAO Jiaqing,et al.Key technologies for high speed batch control of load dispatching adapt to block fault disposal of UHVDC transmission system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(17):177-183.
[11]谢海鹏,何剑,别朝红,等.基于二阶锥切负荷模型的大规模交直流混联电网可靠性评估[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3761-3767.XIE Haipeng,HE Jian,BIE Zhaohong,et al.Reliability evaluation of large-scale hybrid AC/DC grids based on SOCPload shedding model[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3761-3767.
[12]潘旭东,赵杨,云雷,等.基于不确定性的线路退运模糊切负荷量计算[J].广东电力,2014,27(3):58-62.PAN Xudong,ZHAO Yang,YUN Lei,et al.Calculation for fuzzy load shedding capacity of line outage based on uncertaintie[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2014,27(3):58-62.
[13]岳贤龙,王涛,顾雪平,等.基于灵敏度和潮流熵的线路过负荷控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(21):58-66.YUE Xianlong,WANG Tao,GU Xueping,et al.Control strategy for line overload based on sensitivity and power flow entropy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(21):58-66.
[14]程虹,杨为群,朱文广,等.基于改进粒子群算法的交直流系统低压切负荷优化控制策略[J].电力科学与技术学报,2016,31(4):80-88.CHENG Hong,YANG Weiqun,ZHU Wenguang,et al.An optimal control strategy for undervoltage load shedding of AC/DC system based on improved particle swarm algorithm[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2016,31(4):80-88.
[15]TAMILSELVAN V,JAYABARATHI T.A hybrid method for optimal load shedding and improving voltage stability[J].Ain Shams Engineering Journal,2016,7(1):223-232.
[16]徐伟,李群,杨君军,等.基于综合贡献度指标的紧急减负荷控制多目标优化方法[J].电力自动化设备,2018(8):189-194.XU Wei,LI Qun,YANG Junjun,et al.Multi objective optimization method for emergency load shedding based on comprehensive contribution index[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018(8):189-194.
[17]游金阔,黄霆,黄道姗,等.基于改进遗传算法的交直流系统低压减载优化策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(14):40-47.YOU Jinkuo,HUANG Ting,HUANG Daoshan,et al.Under-voltage load shedding optimization allocation for AC/DC hybrid system based on genetic algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(14):40-47.
[18]张薇,王晓茹,廖国栋.基于广域量测数据的电力系统自动切负荷紧急控制算法[J].电网技术,2009,33(3):69-73.ZHANG Wei,WANG Xiaoru,LIAO Guodong.Automatic load shedding emergency control algorithm of power system based on wide-area measurement data[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(3):69-73.
[19]姚国强,江涵,江全元.最优切负荷控制问题的并行模式搜索算法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(4):11-15.YAO Guoqiang,JIANG Han,JIANG Quanyuan.Parallel pattern search algorithm for optimal load-shedding control problem[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(4):11-15.
[20]聂永辉,杜正春,李崇涛,等.恢复潮流可行的交直流电力系统切负荷新模型[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(4):209-215.NIE Yonghui,DU Zhengchun,LI Chongtao,et al.A new load-shedding model to restore AC-DC power flow feasibility[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(4):209-215.
[21]张哲,杨航,尹项根,等.电网运行风险在线评估中基于灵敏度分析的负荷削减模型[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(5):90-95.ZHANG Zhe,YANG Hang,YIN Xianggen,et al.Load shedding model based on sensitivity analysis in on-line power system operation risk assessment[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(5):90-95.
[22]田新成,尹秀艳,季国庆.地区负荷批量顺序控制功能研究及应用[J].供用电,2017,34(8):68-73.TIAN Xincheng,YIN Xiuyan,JI Guoqing.Application and practice of the regional batch load sequential control function[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(8):68-73.
[23]李乐为,王雷,史金伟.基于IEC104规约的省地负荷批量控制技术研究[J].供用电,2018,35(10):37-43.LI Lewei,WANG Lei,SHI Jinwei.Research on the technology of provincial dispatching load batch control based on IEC104 protocol[J].Distribution&Utilization,2018,35(10):37-43.
[2]苗伟威,贾宏杰,董泽寅.基于有功负荷注入空间静态电压稳定域的最小切负荷算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):44-52.MIAO Weiwei,JIA Hongjie,DONG Zeyin.A minimum load shedding calculation algorithm based on static voltage stability region in active load power injection space[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):44-52.
[3]BAI H,AJJARAPU V.A novel online load shedding strategy for mitigating fault-induced delayed voltage recovery[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2011,26(10):294-304.
[4]傅旭,付翀丽,黄明良.一种提高电力系统静态电压稳定裕度的切负荷算法[J].电力建设,2014,35(9):71-75.FU Xu,FU Chongli,HUANG Mingliang.A new load shedding algorithm to improve static voltage stability margin for power system[J].Electric Power Construction,2014,35(9):71-75.
[5]NAKAWIRO W,ERLICH I.Optimal load shedding for voltage stability enhancement by ant colony optimization[C]//International Conference on Intelligent System Applications to Power Systems.Curitiba,Brazil:IEEE Xplore,2009:1-6.
[6]高俊青,胡翔,邵叶晨,等.计及主变上层油温约束的受端电网的最小切负荷量优化方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(15):36-44.GAO Junqing,HU Xiang,SHAO Yechen,et al.Aminimization optimization method of cutting load in receiving power system considering linear constraints of top oil temperature of transformers[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(15):36-44.
[7]陈庆,周海强,朱斌,等.协调经济性及事故评级的紧急减负荷控制优化方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1044-1050.CHEN Qing,ZHOU Haiqiang,ZHU Bin,et al.Coordinated emergency load shedding control optimization algorithm for economic cost and accident assessment[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1044-1050.
[8]苏建军,郭跃进,刘萌,等.紧急切负荷措施的温控负荷控制策略及概率模型[J].电网技术,2018,42(3):911-917.SU Jianjun,GUO Yuejin,LIU Meng,et al.Strategy and probability model for thermostatically controlled loads in emergency load shedding system[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(3):911-917.
[9]李琳,罗剑波,周霞,等.基于风险管理的过载切负荷策略制定[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):821-826.LI Lin,LUO Jianbo,ZHOU Xia,et al.Risk managementbased drafting of overload load shedding strategy[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):821-826.
[10]韩冰,孙世明,赵家庆,等.适应特高压直流闭锁故障处置的批量负荷快速控制关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(17):177-183.HAN Bing,SUN Shiming,ZHAO Jiaqing,et al.Key technologies for high speed batch control of load dispatching adapt to block fault disposal of UHVDC transmission system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(17):177-183.
[11]谢海鹏,何剑,别朝红,等.基于二阶锥切负荷模型的大规模交直流混联电网可靠性评估[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3761-3767.XIE Haipeng,HE Jian,BIE Zhaohong,et al.Reliability evaluation of large-scale hybrid AC/DC grids based on SOCPload shedding model[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3761-3767.
[12]潘旭东,赵杨,云雷,等.基于不确定性的线路退运模糊切负荷量计算[J].广东电力,2014,27(3):58-62.PAN Xudong,ZHAO Yang,YUN Lei,et al.Calculation for fuzzy load shedding capacity of line outage based on uncertaintie[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2014,27(3):58-62.
[13]岳贤龙,王涛,顾雪平,等.基于灵敏度和潮流熵的线路过负荷控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(21):58-66.YUE Xianlong,WANG Tao,GU Xueping,et al.Control strategy for line overload based on sensitivity and power flow entropy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(21):58-66.
[14]程虹,杨为群,朱文广,等.基于改进粒子群算法的交直流系统低压切负荷优化控制策略[J].电力科学与技术学报,2016,31(4):80-88.CHENG Hong,YANG Weiqun,ZHU Wenguang,et al.An optimal control strategy for undervoltage load shedding of AC/DC system based on improved particle swarm algorithm[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2016,31(4):80-88.
[15]TAMILSELVAN V,JAYABARATHI T.A hybrid method for optimal load shedding and improving voltage stability[J].Ain Shams Engineering Journal,2016,7(1):223-232.
[16]徐伟,李群,杨君军,等.基于综合贡献度指标的紧急减负荷控制多目标优化方法[J].电力自动化设备,2018(8):189-194.XU Wei,LI Qun,YANG Junjun,et al.Multi objective optimization method for emergency load shedding based on comprehensive contribution index[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018(8):189-194.
[17]游金阔,黄霆,黄道姗,等.基于改进遗传算法的交直流系统低压减载优化策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(14):40-47.YOU Jinkuo,HUANG Ting,HUANG Daoshan,et al.Under-voltage load shedding optimization allocation for AC/DC hybrid system based on genetic algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(14):40-47.
[18]张薇,王晓茹,廖国栋.基于广域量测数据的电力系统自动切负荷紧急控制算法[J].电网技术,2009,33(3):69-73.ZHANG Wei,WANG Xiaoru,LIAO Guodong.Automatic load shedding emergency control algorithm of power system based on wide-area measurement data[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(3):69-73.
[19]姚国强,江涵,江全元.最优切负荷控制问题的并行模式搜索算法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(4):11-15.YAO Guoqiang,JIANG Han,JIANG Quanyuan.Parallel pattern search algorithm for optimal load-shedding control problem[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(4):11-15.
[20]聂永辉,杜正春,李崇涛,等.恢复潮流可行的交直流电力系统切负荷新模型[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(4):209-215.NIE Yonghui,DU Zhengchun,LI Chongtao,et al.A new load-shedding model to restore AC-DC power flow feasibility[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(4):209-215.
[21]张哲,杨航,尹项根,等.电网运行风险在线评估中基于灵敏度分析的负荷削减模型[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(5):90-95.ZHANG Zhe,YANG Hang,YIN Xianggen,et al.Load shedding model based on sensitivity analysis in on-line power system operation risk assessment[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(5):90-95.
[22]田新成,尹秀艳,季国庆.地区负荷批量顺序控制功能研究及应用[J].供用电,2017,34(8):68-73.TIAN Xincheng,YIN Xiuyan,JI Guoqing.Application and practice of the regional batch load sequential control function[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(8):68-73.
[23]李乐为,王雷,史金伟.基于IEC104规约的省地负荷批量控制技术研究[J].供用电,2018,35(10):37-43.LI Lewei,WANG Lei,SHI Jinwei.Research on the technology of provincial dispatching load batch control based on IEC104 protocol[J].Distribution&Utilization,2018,35(10):37-43.