与Λ型三能级原子相互作用的Number-phase态光场的量子特性
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摘要
运用全量子理论,讨论了Number-phase态光场和Λ型三能级原子相互作用时,其初始状态及某些参数对光场压缩及光子反聚束效应的影响.若原子相对失谐量r取值较小,则光场中光子聚束与反聚束效应更迭出现,随着r逐渐增大,两效应呈现时间域逐渐趋同,且呈现出一定的类周期性;光场参数ξ较小时,光场中两效应同样交替出现,若选择较大光场参数ξ,光场表现出不间断的类周期性震荡反聚束效应;选取一定的r与ξ的值,在演化初期一定时间范围内,系统光场的X_1分量呈现出压缩效应.由此可知,Λ型三能级原子与Number-phase态光场互相作用时,光场可表现出不间断的反聚束效应,且在一定的条件下可处于压缩态.
The effects of atomic initial state and some parameters on the optical field squeezing properties and photon anti-bunching effects in a system of the radiation field in Number-phase state interacting with the Λ-type three-level atom are discussed by using the full quantum theory.If the relative detuning amount of the atom(r)is small,the photon bunching and the anti-bunching effect in the light field occur alternately.As r gradually increases,the time for the bunching effect and the anti-bunching effect gradually becomes the same and shows certain periodicity.When the light field parameter ξ is small,the bunching and anti-bunching effects of photons in the light field alternately appear.If the parameter ξ is large,the light field exhibits an uninterrupted periodic oscillating anti-bunching effect.By selecting the appropriate values of r and ξ,the X_1 component of the system light field exhibits the squeezing effect in a certain time domain at the beginning of time evolution.Therefore,it can be seen that when the Λ-type three-level atom interacts with the radiation field in Number-phase state,the light field can exhibit an continuous anti-bunching effect,and the light field can also be in a squeezed state under certain conditions.
The effects of atomic initial state and some parameters on the optical field squeezing properties and photon anti-bunching effects in a system of the radiation field in Number-phase state interacting with the Λ-type three-level atom are discussed by using the full quantum theory.If the relative detuning amount of the atom(r)is small,the photon bunching and the anti-bunching effect in the light field occur alternately.As r gradually increases,the time for the bunching effect and the anti-bunching effect gradually becomes the same and shows certain periodicity.When the light field parameter ξ is small,the bunching and anti-bunching effects of photons in the light field alternately appear.If the parameter ξ is large,the light field exhibits an uninterrupted periodic oscillating anti-bunching effect.By selecting the appropriate values of r and ξ,the X_1 component of the system light field exhibits the squeezing effect in a certain time domain at the beginning of time evolution.Therefore,it can be seen that when the Λ-type three-level atom interacts with the radiation field in Number-phase state,the light field can exhibit an continuous anti-bunching effect,and the light field can also be in a squeezed state under certain conditions.
引文
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[18]崔英华,萨楚尔夫,宫艳丽.与Λ型原子互作用的二项式光场的量子特性[J].量子电子学报,2008(3):333-339.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2008.03.016CUI Yinghua,SACHUERFU,GONG Yanli.Quantum Properties of the Binomial States Field Interacting with aΛ-type Three-level Atom[J].Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics,2008(3):333-339.
[2]张秀龙,鲍倩倩,杨明珠,等.双腔光力学系统中输出光场纠缠特性的研究[J].物理学报,2018,67(10):57-62.doi:10.7498/aps.67.20172467ZHANG Xiulong,BAO Qianqian,YANG Mingzhu,et al.Entanglement Characteristics of Output Optical Fields in Doublecavity Optomechanics[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2018,67(10):57-62.
[3]邱昌东.双模纠缠相干光场与Λ型原子耦合系统中光场反聚束效应[J].浙江师范大学学报(自然科学版),2008(4):411-415.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5051.2008.04.012QIU Changdong.Antibunching Effect of the Field in the System of Two-mode Entangled Coherent States Interacting with aΛ-type Three-level Atom[J].Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Natural Sciences),2008(4):411-415.
[4]李明,骆毅,唐涛,等.原子BEC与二项式光场系统的压缩性质[J].电子科技大学学报,2016,45(1):77-79.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0548.2016.01.012LI Ming,LUO Yi,TANG Tao,et al.Squeezing Properties of Atomic Bose-einstein Condensate Interacting with the Binomial States[J].Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2016,45(1):77-79.
[5]张少武,是度芳.级联三能级运动原子与单模场相互作用系统中光子的反聚束效应[J].量子电子学报,2003(4):449-453.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2003.04.014ZHANG Shaowu,SHI Dufang.Photon Antibunching in the Interaction of a Cascade Three-level Moving Atom with Field[J].Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics,2003(4):449-453.
[6]何林生,郭光灿.光子反聚束效应[J].量子电子学,1985(4):375-384.HE Linsheng,GUO Guangcan.Photon Antibunching Effect[J].Quantum Electronics,1985(4):375-384.
[7]WALLS D F,ZOLLER P.Reduced Quantum Fluctuations in Resonance Fluorescence[J].Phys Rev Lett,1981,47(10):709-711.doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.47.709
[8]汪贤才,曹卓良.二项式光场与运动Ξ型三能级原子相互作用系统的光场压缩效应[J].吉林大学学报(理学版),2006(3):445-449.doi:10.3321/j.issn.1671-5489.2006.03.028WANG Xiancai,CAO Zhuoliang.Radiation Squeezing of the System of the Binomial States Field Interacting with a MovingΞ-type Three-level Atom[J].Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition),2006(3):445-449.
[9]廖京川,余先伦,程伟.光场压缩态及其在量子通信中的应用[J].武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2008(3):363-367.doi:10.3963/j.issn.1007-144X.2008.03.008LIAO Jingchuan,YU Xianlun,CHENG Wei.Optical Field Squeezed States and Its Application in the Quantum Communication[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Information&Management Engineering),2008(3):363-367.
[10]彭堃墀.光场压缩态的产生及其在亚散粒噪声光学测量和量子信息中的应用[J].物理,2001(5):300-305.PENG Kunchi.Generation and Application of Squeezed State Light Sub-shot-noise-limit Optical Measurement and Quantum Information[J].Physics,2001(5):300-305.
[11]EVERITT M J,MUNRO W J,SPILLER T P.Overcoming Decoherence in the Collapse and Revival of Spin Schrodingercat States[J].Phys Rev A,2012,85(2):680-685.doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.85.022113
[12]CIVITARESE O,REBOIRO M,REBON L.Atomic Squeezing in Three-level Atoms with Effective Dipole-dipole Atomic Interaction[J].Phys Lett A,2010,374:2117-2121.doi:10.1016/j.PhysLettA.2010.03.013
[13]赵嫱嫱,萨楚尔夫,李婧楠.多光子跃迁下Pólya态光场与耦合双原子相互作用系统的量子特性[J].河北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(1):31-37.doi:10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.nse.2018.01.006ZHAO Qiangqiang,SACHUERFU,LI Jingnan.Quantum Properties in a System of Two Coupled Atoms Interacting with Pòlya State Light for Multi-photon Transition[J].Journal of Hebei Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2018,42(1):31-37.
[14]王亚男,萨楚尔夫,冯川,等.NCS场态与多光子跃迁二能级原子相互作用系统的量子纠缠[J].量子光学学报,2015,21(3):202-209.doi:10.3788/ASQO20152103.0202WANG Yanan,SACHUERFU,FENG Chuan,et al.Quantum Entanglement in a System of a Two-level Atom for Multiphoton Transition Interacting with the Number-chaotic State Light[J].Journal of Quantum Optics,2015,21(3):202-209.
[15]冯川,萨楚尔夫,李红星.多光子Jaynes-Cummings模型中原子与Glauber-Lachs场态相互作用的量子纠缠[J].光学学报,2013,33(5):272-279.doi:10.3788/AOS201333.0527001FENG Chuan,SACHUERFU,LI Hongxing.Entanglement of an Atom Interacting with Glauber-lachs State in Multiphoton Jaynes-cummings Model[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2013,33(5):272-279.
[16]曹卓良,宋军.两纠缠原子与二项式光场相互作用的动力学[J].物理学报,2005(2):696-702.doi:10.3321/j.issn.1000-3290.2005.02.035CAO Zhuoliang,SONG Jun.Dynamical Properties in the System of Two Identical Two-level Entangled Atoms Interacting with Radiation Fields in Binomial States[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2005(2):696-702.
[17]郭彩丽,萨楚尔夫,李斌.两纠缠原子与Number-phase态光场相互作用的动力学[J].内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学汉文版),2016,45(2):209-214.GUO Caili,SACHUERFU,LI Bin.Dynamical Properties in a System of Two Identical Two-level Entangled Atoms Interacting with Radiation Fields in Intermediate Number-phase States[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2016,45(2):209-214.
[18]崔英华,萨楚尔夫,宫艳丽.与Λ型原子互作用的二项式光场的量子特性[J].量子电子学报,2008(3):333-339.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2008.03.016CUI Yinghua,SACHUERFU,GONG Yanli.Quantum Properties of the Binomial States Field Interacting with aΛ-type Three-level Atom[J].Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics,2008(3):333-339.