高海拔旱作区马铃薯密度对植株性状及产量的影响
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摘要
通过在高海拔旱作区马铃薯不同密度的试验,研究了马铃薯产量及其性状与种植密度的关系。结果表明,在研究密度范围内,马铃薯的产量随着密度的增加而升高;当密度达到一定程度时,随着密度的增加,产量反而下降,二者呈二次曲线模式变化Y=12 487.475+5 160.417 2X-236.968 6X2。马铃薯在高海拔旱作区较佳的种植密度为7.5×104株/hm~2。密度与株高之间为正相关,函数曲线是逆模型Y=96.566-85.513/X,单株结薯重量、商品薯率2个性状与密度之间呈负相关,函数模型均为性状指标随密度的增加而减少的二次曲线。商品薯率与单株结薯重量之间呈正相关,商品薯率随着单株结薯重的增大而升高,株高与商品薯率、单株结薯重之间呈负相关关系,株高增加,商品薯率、单株结薯重下降。
The relationship between potato yield,other traits and plant density were studied in high altitude arid area by plant density test. The results showed that potato yield increased with the increase of plant number in a proper range, but it decreased with the increase of density when the density reached a certain level. The plant yield and numbers showed a conic model change as Y=12 487.475+5 160.417 2 X-236.968 6 X2, where X and Y ware plant numbers and yield, respectively. A positive correlation was found between plant height and density, the equation was Y=96.566-85.513/X. The optimal density was 75 000 plant per hectare for the best yield in high altitude arid area. The density was negatively correlated with weight per plant and commodity rate, while the function models were conic curves that decreased with the increase of density. There was a positive correlation between commodity rate and the weight per plant,while there was a negative correlation between the plant height and weight per plant and commodity rate. Plant height increased,the rate of commercial tuber and the weight of tuber per plant decreased.
The relationship between potato yield,other traits and plant density were studied in high altitude arid area by plant density test. The results showed that potato yield increased with the increase of plant number in a proper range, but it decreased with the increase of density when the density reached a certain level. The plant yield and numbers showed a conic model change as Y=12 487.475+5 160.417 2 X-236.968 6 X2, where X and Y ware plant numbers and yield, respectively. A positive correlation was found between plant height and density, the equation was Y=96.566-85.513/X. The optimal density was 75 000 plant per hectare for the best yield in high altitude arid area. The density was negatively correlated with weight per plant and commodity rate, while the function models were conic curves that decreased with the increase of density. There was a positive correlation between commodity rate and the weight per plant,while there was a negative correlation between the plant height and weight per plant and commodity rate. Plant height increased,the rate of commercial tuber and the weight of tuber per plant decreased.
引文
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[15]王克雄,王效瑜,吴林科,等.宁夏南部丘陵地区马铃薯密度、肥料丰产栽培试验[J].内蒙古农业科技,2009(2):39-40.
[2]杨世民,廖尔华,袁继超,等.玉米密度与产量及产量构成因素关系的研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2000,18(4):322-324.
[3]张世福.定西市发展马铃薯产业的综合优势分析[J].农学学报,2011(7):44-49.
[4]陈士宾.农业系统工程[M].兰州:甘肃民族出版社,1990.
[5]北京农业大学.高等数学[M].北京:农业出版社,1978.
[6]何进勤,桂林国,马勤建.宁夏中南部地区马铃薯双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培密度试验[J].中国马铃薯,2012,26(6):350-353.
[7]张延磊.不同种植密度对马铃薯产量形成的影响[J].新疆农垦科技,2012(2):7-10.
[8]张艳军,饶敏,杨绍聪,等.不同种植密度对马铃薯丽薯6号生物性状及产值量的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2014(12):41-44.
[9]杨相昆,田海燕,魏建军,等.不同播种方式及种植密度对马铃薯种薯生产的影响[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(4):910-912.
[10]杨玲,刘均.马铃薯密度试验初探[J].吉林农业,2010(8):69.
[11]尤晗.垄上双行不同株行距对马铃薯生长发育和产量形成的影响[D].黑龙江大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2015.
[12]蒋富友.间作套种下脱毒马铃薯种植密度与产量的关系[J].中国马铃薯,2005,19(1):20-21.
[13]雷昌云,张艳霞,羿国香,等.江汉平原马铃薯秋播密度对农艺性状及产量的影响[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013(12):1653-1656.
[14]田丰,张永成,张凤军,等.不同肥料和密度对马铃薯光合特性和产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(6):95-98.
[15]王克雄,王效瑜,吴林科,等.宁夏南部丘陵地区马铃薯密度、肥料丰产栽培试验[J].内蒙古农业科技,2009(2):39-40.