可视化恒容气固耦合试验系统的研发与应用
|
摘要
为定量分析地应力、瓦斯压力、动力扰动等因素对预静载环境下含瓦斯煤物理力学性质的影响规律,获取不同加载路径和不同瓦斯压力下煤岩体物理力学参数,研制了可视化恒容气固耦合试验系统,配合伺服压力机,形成了以可视化恒容试验仪为主体的试验系统.通过实现含瓦斯煤耦合加载室容积恒定消除了气压改变对加载过程的干扰和误差,利用系统自带的环向位移测试装置和可视化窗口实现了对试件体应变增量、煤体裂隙发育与劣化规律等特征参数的全程可视化实时监测.开展了预加静载条件下不同强度型煤试件峰后快速卸气压扰动试验,模拟了现场煤层揭露致使瓦斯压力下降情况.试验结果表明:气体卸压时间在0.55s内完成,随着煤体强度的提高,游离瓦斯对煤岩试件的劣化程度随之降低;当峰值强度低于1 MPa时,游离气体将煤体完全剥离,强度在1.5~2.5 MPa时,卸压扰动对试件仅造成裂隙的进一步扩展;煤体扩容增量随强度的变化符合第一象限单调递减幂函数方程.仪器的研发为深入研究气固耦合条件下含瓦斯煤精确加载与可视化监测提供了新的测试手段和技术支撑.
A gas-solid coupling test system in the visual and constant volume loading state was developed to quantitatively analyze the influence of stress,gas pressure,dynamic disturbance on physical mechanical properties of coal containing gas in static pre-loading conditions,and to acquire the coal physical and mechanics parameters under different loading paths and gas pressure.Combined with the servo press,the experimental system based on the visual and constantvolume tester was established.By realizing the constant volume of coupling loading chamber during the loading process of the coal containing gas,disturbance and error influence due to the change in pressure was eliminated.The tester combined with circumferential displacement testing device and visual windows can realize the real-time visualization monitoring of coal volume strain increment,fracture development and degradation law during the whole process.On this basis,through a gas pressure instantaneous releasing test of post-failure coal specimen in the static preloaded conditions,the gas pressure drawdown as a result of coal seam disclosing was simulated.The results show that the gas unloading can be completed in 0.55 s.With the increasing of coal strength,the degradation effect of free gas on coal specimen declines.When the peak strength is less than 1 MPa,the coal is entirely separated by free gas.When it ranges between 1.5 MPa and 2.5 MPa,the gas pressure releasing disturbance only leads to further extension of fractures.The variation of coal volume strain increment with strength follows the monotone decreasing power function equation in the first quadrant.The research and development of the system provides a new method for further study of the accurate loading and the visualization monitoring of coal containing gas.
A gas-solid coupling test system in the visual and constant volume loading state was developed to quantitatively analyze the influence of stress,gas pressure,dynamic disturbance on physical mechanical properties of coal containing gas in static pre-loading conditions,and to acquire the coal physical and mechanics parameters under different loading paths and gas pressure.Combined with the servo press,the experimental system based on the visual and constantvolume tester was established.By realizing the constant volume of coupling loading chamber during the loading process of the coal containing gas,disturbance and error influence due to the change in pressure was eliminated.The tester combined with circumferential displacement testing device and visual windows can realize the real-time visualization monitoring of coal volume strain increment,fracture development and degradation law during the whole process.On this basis,through a gas pressure instantaneous releasing test of post-failure coal specimen in the static preloaded conditions,the gas pressure drawdown as a result of coal seam disclosing was simulated.The results show that the gas unloading can be completed in 0.55 s.With the increasing of coal strength,the degradation effect of free gas on coal specimen declines.When the peak strength is less than 1 MPa,the coal is entirely separated by free gas.When it ranges between 1.5 MPa and 2.5 MPa,the gas pressure releasing disturbance only leads to further extension of fractures.The variation of coal volume strain increment with strength follows the monotone decreasing power function equation in the first quadrant.The research and development of the system provides a new method for further study of the accurate loading and the visualization monitoring of coal containing gas.
引文
[1]申宝宏,雷毅,刘见中,等.中国煤矿灾害防治战略研究[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2011:1-10.SHEN Baohong,LEI Yi,LIU Jianzhong,et al.Research on prevention and control of coal mine disasters in China[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2011:1-10.
[2]胡千庭,文光才.煤与瓦斯突出的力学作用机理[M].北京:科学出版社,2013:227-284.HU Qianting,WEN Guangcai.Mechanical mechanism of coal and gas outburst[M].Beijing:Science Press,2013:227-284.
[3]袁亮,薛生.煤层瓦斯含量法预测煤与瓦斯突出理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2014:1-8.YUAN Liang,XUE Sheng.Theory and techniques of coal seam gas content method to predict coal and gas outburst[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014:1-8.
[4]QIAO J Y,Julia Sets and Complex Singularitiesin diamond-like hierarchical Potts models[J].Science in China(Ser A),2005,48(3):388-412.
[5]QIAO J Y,On the Preimages of Parabolic points[J].Nonlinearity,2000,13(3):813-818.
[6]聂百胜,卢红奇,李祥春,等.煤体吸附-解吸瓦斯变形特征实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(4):754-759.NIE Baisheng,LU Hongqi,LI Xiangchuan,et al.Experimental study on the characteristic of coal deformation during gas adsorption desorption process[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(4):754-759.
[7]LAWSON H E,TESARIK D,LARSON M K,et al.Effects of overburden characteristics on dynamic failure in underground coal mining[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2017,27(1):121-129.
[8]唐巨鹏,潘一山,杨森林.三维应力下煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):960-966.TANG Jupeng,PAN Yishan,YANG Senlin,et al.Experimental study of coal and gas outburst under tridimensional stresses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):960-965.
[9]刘清泉.多重应力路径下双重孔隙煤体损伤扩容及渗透性演化机制与应用[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2015:17-24.LIU Qingquan.Damage and permeability evolution mechanism of dual-porosity coal under multiple stress paths and its application[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology,2015:17-24.
[10]严家平,李建楼.声波作用对煤体瓦斯渗透性影响的实验研究[J].煤炭学报.2010,35(S1):81-85.YAN Jiaping,Li Jianlou.Experimental study of acoustic effects on coal gas permeability[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2010,35(S1):81-85.
[11]滕腾,高峰,高亚楠,等.循环气压下原煤微损伤及其破碎特性试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):306-311.TENG teng,GAO Feng,GAO Yanna,et al.Experimental study of micro-damage and fracturing characteristics on raw coal under cyclic pneumatic hydraulic loading[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(2):306-311.
[12]YIN G,LI W,JIANG C,et al.Mechanical property and permeability of raw coal containing methane under unloading confining pressure[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2013,23(6):789-793.
[13]袁瑞甫,李怀珍.含瓦斯煤动态破坏模拟实验设备的研制与应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(S1):117-123.YUAN Ruifu,LI Huaizhen.Development and application of simulation test apparatus for gassy coal dynamic failure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(S1):117-123.
[14]田坤云,张瑞林.高压水及负压加载状态下三轴应力渗流试验装置的研制[J].岩土力学,2014,35(11):3338-3344.TIAN Kunyun,ZHANG Ruilin.Research on triaxial stress seepage experiment device loaded by high pressure water and negative pressure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(11):3338-3344.
[15]徐佑林,康红普,张辉,等.卸荷条件下含瓦斯煤力学特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(S2):3476-3488.XU Youlin,KANG Hongpu,ZHANG Hui,et al.Experimental study of mechanical properties of coal containing gas under unloading conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(S2):3476-3488.
[16]潘一山,罗浩,李忠华,等.含瓦斯煤岩围压卸荷瓦斯渗流及电荷感应试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(4):713-719.PAN Yishan,LUO Hao,LI Zhonghua,et al.Experimental study of gas permeability and charge induction under confining pressure unloading process of containing-gas coal rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(4):713-719.
[17]WANG S,ELSWORTH D,LIU J,et al.Rapid decompression and desorption induced energetic failure in coal[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2015(7):345-350.
[18]LIU X,WANG X.WANG E,et al.Effects of gas pressure on bursting liability of coal under uniaxial conditions[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2017(39):90-100.
[19]CHEN H,CHENG Y,REN T,et al.Permeability distribution characteristics of protected coal seams during unloading of the coal body[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2017(71):105-116.
[20]黄滚,张鑫,尹光志,等.煤瓦斯多场耦合显微观测试验装置的研制与应用[J].岩土力学,2015,36(S2):715-721.HUANG Gun,ZHANG Xin,YIN Guangzhi,et al.Development and application of microscopic observation device for multifield coupling of coal containing gas[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(S2):715-721.
[21]MITRA A,HARPALANI S,LIU S.Laboratory measurement and modeling of coal permeability with continued methane production.Part 1.Laboratory results[J].Fuel,2012,94(1):110-116.
[22]DAY S,FRY R,SAKUROVS R.Swelling of coal in carbon dioxide,methane and their mixtures[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,93(93):40-48.
[23]王汉鹏,李清川,李勇,等.岩石类圆柱形标准试件环向位移测量装置及测试方法:中国,201610824852.1[P].2016-12-21.WANG Hanpeng,LI Qingchuan,LI Yong,et al.The circumferential deformation measurement and test method of cylindrical standard specimen in rock mechanics test:China,201610824852.1[P].2016-12-21.
[24]王汉鹏,张庆贺,袁亮,等.含瓦斯煤相似材料研制及其突出试验应用[J].岩土力学,2015,36(6):1676-1682.WANG Hanpeng,ZHANG Qinghe,YUAN Liang,et al.Development of a similar material for methanebearing coal and its application to outburst experiment[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(6):1676-1682.
[25]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB/T 50266—99工程岩体试验方法标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999:15-16.The National Standards Compilation Group of People’s Republic of China.GB/T50266—99Standard for Test Method of Emhomeering Rock Massas[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1999:15-16.
[2]胡千庭,文光才.煤与瓦斯突出的力学作用机理[M].北京:科学出版社,2013:227-284.HU Qianting,WEN Guangcai.Mechanical mechanism of coal and gas outburst[M].Beijing:Science Press,2013:227-284.
[3]袁亮,薛生.煤层瓦斯含量法预测煤与瓦斯突出理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2014:1-8.YUAN Liang,XUE Sheng.Theory and techniques of coal seam gas content method to predict coal and gas outburst[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014:1-8.
[4]QIAO J Y,Julia Sets and Complex Singularitiesin diamond-like hierarchical Potts models[J].Science in China(Ser A),2005,48(3):388-412.
[5]QIAO J Y,On the Preimages of Parabolic points[J].Nonlinearity,2000,13(3):813-818.
[6]聂百胜,卢红奇,李祥春,等.煤体吸附-解吸瓦斯变形特征实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(4):754-759.NIE Baisheng,LU Hongqi,LI Xiangchuan,et al.Experimental study on the characteristic of coal deformation during gas adsorption desorption process[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(4):754-759.
[7]LAWSON H E,TESARIK D,LARSON M K,et al.Effects of overburden characteristics on dynamic failure in underground coal mining[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2017,27(1):121-129.
[8]唐巨鹏,潘一山,杨森林.三维应力下煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):960-966.TANG Jupeng,PAN Yishan,YANG Senlin,et al.Experimental study of coal and gas outburst under tridimensional stresses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):960-965.
[9]刘清泉.多重应力路径下双重孔隙煤体损伤扩容及渗透性演化机制与应用[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2015:17-24.LIU Qingquan.Damage and permeability evolution mechanism of dual-porosity coal under multiple stress paths and its application[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology,2015:17-24.
[10]严家平,李建楼.声波作用对煤体瓦斯渗透性影响的实验研究[J].煤炭学报.2010,35(S1):81-85.YAN Jiaping,Li Jianlou.Experimental study of acoustic effects on coal gas permeability[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2010,35(S1):81-85.
[11]滕腾,高峰,高亚楠,等.循环气压下原煤微损伤及其破碎特性试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):306-311.TENG teng,GAO Feng,GAO Yanna,et al.Experimental study of micro-damage and fracturing characteristics on raw coal under cyclic pneumatic hydraulic loading[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(2):306-311.
[12]YIN G,LI W,JIANG C,et al.Mechanical property and permeability of raw coal containing methane under unloading confining pressure[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2013,23(6):789-793.
[13]袁瑞甫,李怀珍.含瓦斯煤动态破坏模拟实验设备的研制与应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(S1):117-123.YUAN Ruifu,LI Huaizhen.Development and application of simulation test apparatus for gassy coal dynamic failure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(S1):117-123.
[14]田坤云,张瑞林.高压水及负压加载状态下三轴应力渗流试验装置的研制[J].岩土力学,2014,35(11):3338-3344.TIAN Kunyun,ZHANG Ruilin.Research on triaxial stress seepage experiment device loaded by high pressure water and negative pressure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(11):3338-3344.
[15]徐佑林,康红普,张辉,等.卸荷条件下含瓦斯煤力学特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(S2):3476-3488.XU Youlin,KANG Hongpu,ZHANG Hui,et al.Experimental study of mechanical properties of coal containing gas under unloading conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(S2):3476-3488.
[16]潘一山,罗浩,李忠华,等.含瓦斯煤岩围压卸荷瓦斯渗流及电荷感应试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(4):713-719.PAN Yishan,LUO Hao,LI Zhonghua,et al.Experimental study of gas permeability and charge induction under confining pressure unloading process of containing-gas coal rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(4):713-719.
[17]WANG S,ELSWORTH D,LIU J,et al.Rapid decompression and desorption induced energetic failure in coal[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2015(7):345-350.
[18]LIU X,WANG X.WANG E,et al.Effects of gas pressure on bursting liability of coal under uniaxial conditions[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2017(39):90-100.
[19]CHEN H,CHENG Y,REN T,et al.Permeability distribution characteristics of protected coal seams during unloading of the coal body[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2017(71):105-116.
[20]黄滚,张鑫,尹光志,等.煤瓦斯多场耦合显微观测试验装置的研制与应用[J].岩土力学,2015,36(S2):715-721.HUANG Gun,ZHANG Xin,YIN Guangzhi,et al.Development and application of microscopic observation device for multifield coupling of coal containing gas[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(S2):715-721.
[21]MITRA A,HARPALANI S,LIU S.Laboratory measurement and modeling of coal permeability with continued methane production.Part 1.Laboratory results[J].Fuel,2012,94(1):110-116.
[22]DAY S,FRY R,SAKUROVS R.Swelling of coal in carbon dioxide,methane and their mixtures[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,93(93):40-48.
[23]王汉鹏,李清川,李勇,等.岩石类圆柱形标准试件环向位移测量装置及测试方法:中国,201610824852.1[P].2016-12-21.WANG Hanpeng,LI Qingchuan,LI Yong,et al.The circumferential deformation measurement and test method of cylindrical standard specimen in rock mechanics test:China,201610824852.1[P].2016-12-21.
[24]王汉鹏,张庆贺,袁亮,等.含瓦斯煤相似材料研制及其突出试验应用[J].岩土力学,2015,36(6):1676-1682.WANG Hanpeng,ZHANG Qinghe,YUAN Liang,et al.Development of a similar material for methanebearing coal and its application to outburst experiment[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(6):1676-1682.
[25]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB/T 50266—99工程岩体试验方法标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999:15-16.The National Standards Compilation Group of People’s Republic of China.GB/T50266—99Standard for Test Method of Emhomeering Rock Massas[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1999:15-16.