老年人功能性体适能的影响因素研究进展
摘要
目的了解功能性体适能的定义、测试方法及老年人功能性体适能的影响因素,为进一步研究老年人功能性体适能特征、制定我国老年人功能性体适能常模及个性化干预措施提供参考。方法检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、PubMed及Web of Science,对近年来国内外关于老年人(≥60岁)功能性体适能研究的文献进行筛选和内容提取,分析并综述其影响因素。结果文章阐述了功能性体适能的定义及测试方法,从个体因素(包括年龄、性别、认知功能、体质指数)、疾病因素、城乡差异、运动因素及有无跌倒风险方面对老年人功能性体适能的影响因素进行了总结。结论目前关于老年人功能性体适能的研究以干预性研究居多,而关于特征的研究较少。我国尚缺乏老年人功能性体适能常模以及针对性干预措施。今后可借鉴国外经验,针对研究中的可控因素,建立符合我国老年人特征的功能性体适能常模,以指导制定个性化干预措施,促进老年人健康老龄化。
引文
[1]Teixeira C V,Gobbi S,Pereira J R,et al.Effect of SquareStepping Exercise and Basic Exercises on Functional Fitness of Older Adults[J].Geriatr Gerontol Int,2013,13(4):842-848.DOI:10.1111/ggi.12011.
[2]李雪玉,李榕彬,王爽,等.医院-家庭过渡期运动干预对高龄心血管病患者功能性体适能的影响[J].中华护理杂志,2015,50(6):650-655.DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2015.06.002.
[3]孟凯利,伊向仁.体育生活方式对济南市社区高血压老年人功能性体适能的影响研究[D].济南:山东大学,2018.
[4]Chung P K,Zhao Y,Liu J D,et al.A canonical Correlation Analysis on the Relationship Between Functional Fitness and Health-related Quality of Life in Older Adults[J].Arch Gerontol Geriatr,2017(68):44-48.DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2016.08.007.
[5]Barbalho M S M,Gentil P,Izquierdo M,et al.There Are No No-responders to Low or High Resistance Training Volumes among Older Women[J].Exp Gerontol,2017(99):18-26.DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.003.
[6]Rikli R E,Jones C J.Development and Validation of Criterion-referenced Clinically Relevant Fitness Standards for Maintaining Physical Independence in Later Years[J].The Gerontologist,2013,53(2):255-267.DOI:10.1093/geront/gns071.
[7]Chung P K,Zhao Y,Liu J D,et al.Functional Fitness Norms for Community-dwelling Older Adults in Hong Kong[J].Arch Gerontol Geriatr,2016(65):54-62.DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2016.03.006.
[8]丁雪茹,李新琳,林梅花,等.步行联合关节体操提高老年冠脉支架植入患者功能性体适能[J].护理学杂志,2016,31(19):84-87.DOI:10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2016.19.084.
[9]张腾飞,刘欢,舒永梅,等.有氧运动结合力量训练对中老年女性握力及功能性体适能的影响[J].中国康复医学杂志,2015,30(12):1243-1247.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1242.2015.12.009.
[10]Zhao Y,Chung P K.Differences in Functional Fitness A-mong Older Adults With and Without Risk of Falling[J].Asian Nurs Res,2016,10(1):51-55.DOI:10.1016/j.anr.2015.10.007.
[11]Adamo D E,Talley S A,Goldberg A.Age and Task Differences in Functional Fitness in Older Women:Comparisons with Senior Fitness Test Normative and Criterion-referenced Data[J].J Aging Phys Act,2015,23(1):47-54.DOI:10.1123/japa.2012-0317.
[12]Guo Y,Yang M,Yan Y,et al.Sex Differentials in Relationships Between Functional Fitness and Cognitive Performance c'c'c'in Older Adults:A Canonical Correlation Analysis[J].Sci Rep,2018,8(1):4146.DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-22475-7.2012-0317.
[13]Milanovi Z,Panteli S,Trajkovi N,et al.Age-related Decrease in Physical Activity and Functional Fitness among Elderly Men and Women[J].Clinl Interv Aging,2013(8):549-556.DOI:10.2147/CIA.S44112.
[14]王玉华.中日老年男性功能性体适能的比较研究[J].职业与健康,2011,27(13):1503-1504.DOI:10.13329/j.cnki.zyyjk.2011.13.048.
[15]Liu J D,Quach B,Chung P K.Further Understanding of The Senior Fitness Test:Evidence From Community-dwelling High Function Older Adults in Hong Kong[J].Arch Gerontol Geriatr,2019(82):286-292.DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2019.02.011.
[16]Yang M,Guo Y,Gong J,et al.Relationships Between Functional Fitness and Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Community-dwelling Older Adults:a Cross-sectional Study[J].BMJ Open,2018,8(5):e020695.DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020695.
[17]Hesseberg K,Bentzen H,Ranhoff A H,et al.Physical Fitness in Older People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia[J].J Aging Phys Act,2016,24(1):92-100.DOI:10.1123/japa.2014-0202.
[18]张允.重庆主城区老年健康状况和社区护理需求调查[J].重庆医学,2014,43(35):4787-4789.DOI:10.3969/J.ISSN.1671-8348.2014.35.027.
[19]李晓娜.运动干预对70岁以上高龄心血管病患者功能性体适能的影响[J].中华现代护理杂志,2017,23(18):2429-2432.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2907.2017.18.027.
[20]Chao C T,Wang J,Chien K L.Both Pre-frailty and Frailty Increase Healthcare Utilization and Adverse Health Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus[J].Cardiovasc Diabetol,2018,17(1):130.DOI:10.1186/s12933-018-0772-2.
[21]Li Y,Zou Y,Wang S,et al.A Pilot Study of The FRAILScale on Predicting Outcomes in Chinese Elderly People with Type 2 Diabetes[J].J Am Med Dir Assoc,2015,16(8):714.e7-714.e12.DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.019.
[22]许彩会.老年人功能性体适能城乡比较研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2018:12-15.
[23]Zhang X,Dupre M E,Qiu L,et al.Urban-rural Differences in the Association Between Access to Healthcare and Health Outcomes Among Older Adults in China[J].BMCGeriatr,2017,17(1):151.DOI:10.1186/s12877-017-0538-9.
[24]Gopinath B,Kifley A,Flood V M,et al.Physical Activity as a Determinant of Successful Aging Over Ten Years[J].Sci Rep,2018,8(1):10522.DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-28526-3.
[25]Nawrocka A,Polechoński J,Garbaciak W,et al.Functional Fitness and Quality of Life Among Women Over 60 Years of Age Depending on Their Level of Objectively Measured Physical Activity[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2019,16(6):E972.DOI:10.3390/ijerph16060972.
[26]De Melo L L,Menec V H,Ready A E.Relationship of Functional Fitness With Daily Steps in Community-dwelling Older Adults[J].J Geriatr Phys Ther,2014,37(3):116-120.DOI:10.1519/JPT.0b013e3182abe75f.
[27]Ramalho F,Santos-Rocha R,Branco M,et al.Effect of 6-month Community-based Exercise Interventions on Gait and Functional Fitness of an Older Population:A Quasiexperimental Study[J].Clin Interv Aging,2018,6(13):595-606.DOI:10.2147/CIA.S157224.eCollection 2018.
[28]李晓娜.运动干预对70岁以上高龄心血管病患者功能性体适能的影响[J].中华现代护理杂志,2017,23(18):2429-2432.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2907.2017.18.027.
[29]Gray M,Powers M,Boyd L,et al.Longitudinal Comparison of Low-and High-velocity Resistance Training in Relation to Body Composition and Functional Fitness of Older Adults[J].Aging Clin Exp Res,2018,30(12):1465-1473.DOI:10.1007/s40520-018-0929-6.
[30]Esain I,Gil S M,Bidaurrazaga-Letona I,et al.Effects of 3Months of Detraining on Functional Fitness and Quality of Life in Older Adults Who Regularly Exercise[J].Aging Clin Exp Res,2019,31(4):503-510.DOI:10.1007/s40520-018-0990-1.
[31]Santos D A,Silva A M,Baptista F,et al.Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity are Independently Related to Functional Fitness in Older Adults[J].Exp Gerontol,2012,47(12):908-912.DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2012.07.011.
[32]郑静,陈申,崔焱.养老机构老年人害怕跌倒现状及影响因素的研究[J].护理研究,2019,33(1):14-17.DOI:10.12102/J.ISSN.1009-6493.2019.01.00.
[33]李莺.运动锻炼对老年脑卒中患者害怕跌倒的影响[D].上海:复旦大学,2014:7-8.
[2]李雪玉,李榕彬,王爽,等.医院-家庭过渡期运动干预对高龄心血管病患者功能性体适能的影响[J].中华护理杂志,2015,50(6):650-655.DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2015.06.002.
[3]孟凯利,伊向仁.体育生活方式对济南市社区高血压老年人功能性体适能的影响研究[D].济南:山东大学,2018.
[4]Chung P K,Zhao Y,Liu J D,et al.A canonical Correlation Analysis on the Relationship Between Functional Fitness and Health-related Quality of Life in Older Adults[J].Arch Gerontol Geriatr,2017(68):44-48.DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2016.08.007.
[5]Barbalho M S M,Gentil P,Izquierdo M,et al.There Are No No-responders to Low or High Resistance Training Volumes among Older Women[J].Exp Gerontol,2017(99):18-26.DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.003.
[6]Rikli R E,Jones C J.Development and Validation of Criterion-referenced Clinically Relevant Fitness Standards for Maintaining Physical Independence in Later Years[J].The Gerontologist,2013,53(2):255-267.DOI:10.1093/geront/gns071.
[7]Chung P K,Zhao Y,Liu J D,et al.Functional Fitness Norms for Community-dwelling Older Adults in Hong Kong[J].Arch Gerontol Geriatr,2016(65):54-62.DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2016.03.006.
[8]丁雪茹,李新琳,林梅花,等.步行联合关节体操提高老年冠脉支架植入患者功能性体适能[J].护理学杂志,2016,31(19):84-87.DOI:10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2016.19.084.
[9]张腾飞,刘欢,舒永梅,等.有氧运动结合力量训练对中老年女性握力及功能性体适能的影响[J].中国康复医学杂志,2015,30(12):1243-1247.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1242.2015.12.009.
[10]Zhao Y,Chung P K.Differences in Functional Fitness A-mong Older Adults With and Without Risk of Falling[J].Asian Nurs Res,2016,10(1):51-55.DOI:10.1016/j.anr.2015.10.007.
[11]Adamo D E,Talley S A,Goldberg A.Age and Task Differences in Functional Fitness in Older Women:Comparisons with Senior Fitness Test Normative and Criterion-referenced Data[J].J Aging Phys Act,2015,23(1):47-54.DOI:10.1123/japa.2012-0317.
[12]Guo Y,Yang M,Yan Y,et al.Sex Differentials in Relationships Between Functional Fitness and Cognitive Performance c'c'c'in Older Adults:A Canonical Correlation Analysis[J].Sci Rep,2018,8(1):4146.DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-22475-7.2012-0317.
[13]Milanovi Z,Panteli S,Trajkovi N,et al.Age-related Decrease in Physical Activity and Functional Fitness among Elderly Men and Women[J].Clinl Interv Aging,2013(8):549-556.DOI:10.2147/CIA.S44112.
[14]王玉华.中日老年男性功能性体适能的比较研究[J].职业与健康,2011,27(13):1503-1504.DOI:10.13329/j.cnki.zyyjk.2011.13.048.
[15]Liu J D,Quach B,Chung P K.Further Understanding of The Senior Fitness Test:Evidence From Community-dwelling High Function Older Adults in Hong Kong[J].Arch Gerontol Geriatr,2019(82):286-292.DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2019.02.011.
[16]Yang M,Guo Y,Gong J,et al.Relationships Between Functional Fitness and Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Community-dwelling Older Adults:a Cross-sectional Study[J].BMJ Open,2018,8(5):e020695.DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020695.
[17]Hesseberg K,Bentzen H,Ranhoff A H,et al.Physical Fitness in Older People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia[J].J Aging Phys Act,2016,24(1):92-100.DOI:10.1123/japa.2014-0202.
[18]张允.重庆主城区老年健康状况和社区护理需求调查[J].重庆医学,2014,43(35):4787-4789.DOI:10.3969/J.ISSN.1671-8348.2014.35.027.
[19]李晓娜.运动干预对70岁以上高龄心血管病患者功能性体适能的影响[J].中华现代护理杂志,2017,23(18):2429-2432.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2907.2017.18.027.
[20]Chao C T,Wang J,Chien K L.Both Pre-frailty and Frailty Increase Healthcare Utilization and Adverse Health Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus[J].Cardiovasc Diabetol,2018,17(1):130.DOI:10.1186/s12933-018-0772-2.
[21]Li Y,Zou Y,Wang S,et al.A Pilot Study of The FRAILScale on Predicting Outcomes in Chinese Elderly People with Type 2 Diabetes[J].J Am Med Dir Assoc,2015,16(8):714.e7-714.e12.DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.019.
[22]许彩会.老年人功能性体适能城乡比较研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2018:12-15.
[23]Zhang X,Dupre M E,Qiu L,et al.Urban-rural Differences in the Association Between Access to Healthcare and Health Outcomes Among Older Adults in China[J].BMCGeriatr,2017,17(1):151.DOI:10.1186/s12877-017-0538-9.
[24]Gopinath B,Kifley A,Flood V M,et al.Physical Activity as a Determinant of Successful Aging Over Ten Years[J].Sci Rep,2018,8(1):10522.DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-28526-3.
[25]Nawrocka A,Polechoński J,Garbaciak W,et al.Functional Fitness and Quality of Life Among Women Over 60 Years of Age Depending on Their Level of Objectively Measured Physical Activity[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2019,16(6):E972.DOI:10.3390/ijerph16060972.
[26]De Melo L L,Menec V H,Ready A E.Relationship of Functional Fitness With Daily Steps in Community-dwelling Older Adults[J].J Geriatr Phys Ther,2014,37(3):116-120.DOI:10.1519/JPT.0b013e3182abe75f.
[27]Ramalho F,Santos-Rocha R,Branco M,et al.Effect of 6-month Community-based Exercise Interventions on Gait and Functional Fitness of an Older Population:A Quasiexperimental Study[J].Clin Interv Aging,2018,6(13):595-606.DOI:10.2147/CIA.S157224.eCollection 2018.
[28]李晓娜.运动干预对70岁以上高龄心血管病患者功能性体适能的影响[J].中华现代护理杂志,2017,23(18):2429-2432.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2907.2017.18.027.
[29]Gray M,Powers M,Boyd L,et al.Longitudinal Comparison of Low-and High-velocity Resistance Training in Relation to Body Composition and Functional Fitness of Older Adults[J].Aging Clin Exp Res,2018,30(12):1465-1473.DOI:10.1007/s40520-018-0929-6.
[30]Esain I,Gil S M,Bidaurrazaga-Letona I,et al.Effects of 3Months of Detraining on Functional Fitness and Quality of Life in Older Adults Who Regularly Exercise[J].Aging Clin Exp Res,2019,31(4):503-510.DOI:10.1007/s40520-018-0990-1.
[31]Santos D A,Silva A M,Baptista F,et al.Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity are Independently Related to Functional Fitness in Older Adults[J].Exp Gerontol,2012,47(12):908-912.DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2012.07.011.
[32]郑静,陈申,崔焱.养老机构老年人害怕跌倒现状及影响因素的研究[J].护理研究,2019,33(1):14-17.DOI:10.12102/J.ISSN.1009-6493.2019.01.00.
[33]李莺.运动锻炼对老年脑卒中患者害怕跌倒的影响[D].上海:复旦大学,2014:7-8.