考虑多安全性约束的风电场穿透功率极限研究
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摘要
穿透功率极限是含风电场电网规划中的重要问题。本文从梳理风电场穿透功率的多种约束条件入手,建立了包含系统潮流平衡、支路潮流、常规机组出力等约束条件的风电穿透功率极限计算模型,在此基础上引入了风电波动导致的系统频率偏差及电压偏差等安全性约束条件。提出了基于系统惯性中心频率的频率偏差指标和基于系统线性化方法的电压偏差指标,从安全性角度考虑了风电接入容量的影响因素。采用遗传算法对模型进行求解,相关算例证明了该方法的准确性和合理性。
Wind penetration limitation has great impact on power grid planning containing wind farm. In this paper,a traditional wind penetration limitation calculation model was built firstly,in which the constraints such as power flow,node voltage,and margin capacity were considered. The security constraints including frequency deviation and voltage deviation were considered based on the model. Frequency deviation based on central frequency and voltage deviation based on linear system theory were proposed with influencing factors of wind power access capacity considered from the viewpoint of safety. The research model was solved by GA method and it's validity was verified by calculation results of New England 39-bus system.
Wind penetration limitation has great impact on power grid planning containing wind farm. In this paper,a traditional wind penetration limitation calculation model was built firstly,in which the constraints such as power flow,node voltage,and margin capacity were considered. The security constraints including frequency deviation and voltage deviation were considered based on the model. Frequency deviation based on central frequency and voltage deviation based on linear system theory were proposed with influencing factors of wind power access capacity considered from the viewpoint of safety. The research model was solved by GA method and it's validity was verified by calculation results of New England 39-bus system.
引文
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[5]张俊,晁勤,段晓田,等.动态约束下的风电场最大可接入容量研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(3):62-73.ZHANG Jun,CHAO Qin,DUAN Xiaotian,et al.Research on maximum access capacity of wind farm based on dynamic constraints[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(3):62-73.
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[8]韩英铎,王仲鸿,闵勇,等.电力系统动态频率的定义及“虚拟转子法”频率测量研究[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1993,33(1):1-10.HAN Yingduo,WANG Zhonghong,MIN Yong,et al.The definition for dynamic frequency in power systems and the fictitious rotor method for dynamic frequency measurement[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,1993,33(1):1-10.
[9]张恒旭,李常刚,刘玉田,等.电力系统动态频率分析与应用研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(11):169-176.ZHANG Hengxu,LI Changgang,LIU Yutian.Reviews on power system dynamic frequency analysis and its application[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(11):169-176.
[10]秦旭东.大规模风电接入对江苏电网调频影响与对策研究[J].江苏电机工程,2013,32(4):6-12.QIN Xudong.Influence and strategy study of the frequency regulation of Jiangsu Power Grid with large-scale wind power integration[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2013,32(4):6-12.
[11]YOUSOF M F M,EKANAYAKE C,SATA-TAPAN K,et.al.A study on suitability of different transformer winding models for frequency response analysis[C]∥Power and Energy Society General Meeting,San Diego,USA,2012.
[12]ABDELKADER S M,FLYNN D.Graphical determination of network limits for wind power integration[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2009,3(9):841-849.
[13]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:255-278.WANG Xifan.Modern power system analysis[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:255-278.
[14]SORENSEN P,CUTULULIS N A,VIGUERAS-RODRFGUEZ A,et al.Model of power fluctuations from large offshore wind farms[J].Wind Energy,2008,11(1):29-43.
[15]赵海翔.风电引起的电压波动和闪变研究[D].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2004.ZHAO Haixiang.Studies on voltage fluctuation and flicker caused by integrated wind power[D].Beijing:China Electric Power Research,2004.
[16]PRIDE J C,CARRILLO C J,LORENZO A E F.Probabilistic model for mechanical power fluctuations in asynchronous wind parks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2003,18(2):761-768.
[17]陈建华,杜磊,陈天华,等.多控制区多无功源协调的风电集群电压控制[J].江苏电机工程,2016,35(2):47-51.CHEN Jianhua,DU Lei,CHEN Tianhua,et al.Voltage control for multi-controlled domain and multi-reactive power source coordinated wind power cluster[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2012,45(4):15-18.
[18]许晓艳,马烁,黄越辉,等.大规模风电接入对电网静态电压稳定性影响机理研究[J].中国电力,2015,48(3):139XU Xiaoyan,MA Shuo,HUANG Yuehui,et al.Mechanical study on influence of large scale wind power on static voltage stability[J].Electric Power,2015,48(3):139-143.
[19]卫鹏,刘建坤,周前,等.基于半不变量和Gram-Charlier级数展开法的随机潮流算法[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):34-38.WEI Peng,LIU Jiankun,ZHOU Qian,et al.A probabilistic power flow algorithm based on semi-variable and GramCharlier series expansion[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):34-38.
[20]王深哲,高山,李海峰,等.含风电接入的电网规划方案电能质量评估[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(8):56-65.WANG Shenzhe,GAO Shan,LI Haifeng,et al.Evaluation of power quality in grid planning scheme with power integration[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(8):56-65.
[2]申洪,梁军,戴慧珠.基于电力系统暂态稳定分析的风电场穿透功率极限计算[J].电网技术,2002,26(8):8-11.SHEN Hong,LIANG Jun,DAI Huizhu.Calaulation of wind farm penetration based on power system transient stability analysis[J].Power System Technology,2002,26(8):8-11.
[3]雷亚洲,王伟胜,印永华,等.基于机会约束规划的风电穿透功率极限计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(5):32-35.LEI Yazhou,WANG Weisheng,YIN Yonghua,et al.Wind power penetration limit calaulation based on chance constrained programming[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2002,22(5):32-35.
[4]吴俊,李国杰,孙元章.基于随机规划的并网风电场最大注入功率计算[J].电网技术,2007,31(14):15-19.WU Jun,LI Guojie,SUN Yuanzhang.Maximum injection power calculation of wind farms connected to power systems based on stochastic programming[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(14):15-19.
[5]张俊,晁勤,段晓田,等.动态约束下的风电场最大可接入容量研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(3):62-73.ZHANG Jun,CHAO Qin,DUAN Xiaotian,et al.Research on maximum access capacity of wind farm based on dynamic constraints[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(3):62-73.
[6]LIN Jin,SUN Yuanzhang,SORENSEN P,et al.Method for assessing grid frequency deviation due to wind power fluctuation based on“time-frequency transformation”[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Eenergy,2012,3(1):65-73.
[7]LUO Changlin,FAR H G,et al.Estimation of wind penetration as limited by frequency deviation[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2007,22(3):783-791.
[8]韩英铎,王仲鸿,闵勇,等.电力系统动态频率的定义及“虚拟转子法”频率测量研究[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1993,33(1):1-10.HAN Yingduo,WANG Zhonghong,MIN Yong,et al.The definition for dynamic frequency in power systems and the fictitious rotor method for dynamic frequency measurement[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,1993,33(1):1-10.
[9]张恒旭,李常刚,刘玉田,等.电力系统动态频率分析与应用研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(11):169-176.ZHANG Hengxu,LI Changgang,LIU Yutian.Reviews on power system dynamic frequency analysis and its application[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(11):169-176.
[10]秦旭东.大规模风电接入对江苏电网调频影响与对策研究[J].江苏电机工程,2013,32(4):6-12.QIN Xudong.Influence and strategy study of the frequency regulation of Jiangsu Power Grid with large-scale wind power integration[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2013,32(4):6-12.
[11]YOUSOF M F M,EKANAYAKE C,SATA-TAPAN K,et.al.A study on suitability of different transformer winding models for frequency response analysis[C]∥Power and Energy Society General Meeting,San Diego,USA,2012.
[12]ABDELKADER S M,FLYNN D.Graphical determination of network limits for wind power integration[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2009,3(9):841-849.
[13]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:255-278.WANG Xifan.Modern power system analysis[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:255-278.
[14]SORENSEN P,CUTULULIS N A,VIGUERAS-RODRFGUEZ A,et al.Model of power fluctuations from large offshore wind farms[J].Wind Energy,2008,11(1):29-43.
[15]赵海翔.风电引起的电压波动和闪变研究[D].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2004.ZHAO Haixiang.Studies on voltage fluctuation and flicker caused by integrated wind power[D].Beijing:China Electric Power Research,2004.
[16]PRIDE J C,CARRILLO C J,LORENZO A E F.Probabilistic model for mechanical power fluctuations in asynchronous wind parks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2003,18(2):761-768.
[17]陈建华,杜磊,陈天华,等.多控制区多无功源协调的风电集群电压控制[J].江苏电机工程,2016,35(2):47-51.CHEN Jianhua,DU Lei,CHEN Tianhua,et al.Voltage control for multi-controlled domain and multi-reactive power source coordinated wind power cluster[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2012,45(4):15-18.
[18]许晓艳,马烁,黄越辉,等.大规模风电接入对电网静态电压稳定性影响机理研究[J].中国电力,2015,48(3):139XU Xiaoyan,MA Shuo,HUANG Yuehui,et al.Mechanical study on influence of large scale wind power on static voltage stability[J].Electric Power,2015,48(3):139-143.
[19]卫鹏,刘建坤,周前,等.基于半不变量和Gram-Charlier级数展开法的随机潮流算法[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):34-38.WEI Peng,LIU Jiankun,ZHOU Qian,et al.A probabilistic power flow algorithm based on semi-variable and GramCharlier series expansion[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):34-38.
[20]王深哲,高山,李海峰,等.含风电接入的电网规划方案电能质量评估[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(8):56-65.WANG Shenzhe,GAO Shan,LI Haifeng,et al.Evaluation of power quality in grid planning scheme with power integration[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(8):56-65.