SVC附加闭锁控制提高双馈风电场高电压穿越研究
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摘要
为缓解风机高电压脱网对电网安全稳定运行造成的严重威胁,文中解析了集群风电基地广泛应用的静止无功补偿器(SVC)引发电压过冲的机理。SVC响应滞后及其自身物理特性缺陷,使其在电压跌落时难以提供有效容性无功支撑,而在电压恢复期向系统输出冗余容性无功。为克服SVC控制性能的这种局限性,提出一种SVC附加闭锁控制策略,主要适用于外部故障引起SVC接入点出现严重低电压的场景。该控制策略给出SVC闭锁判定条件及闭锁后SVC重新投入条件,避免"错位补偿",有效降低SVC引发非故障风机并网点高电压的威胁,保障风场安全稳定运行。最后仿真验证了所提控制策略的有效性,并对后期风电场的建设与运行提出指导性建议。
For the sake of easing the threat to the safe and stable operation of power system, control performance of static var compensator, widely used in cluster wind farms, and their triggering process of voltage overshoot are analyzed detailedly in this paper. The combined action of response lag and physical property defects, produces malposition compensation effect in SVC, which supports no effective reactive power output during voltage drip, while exports surplus reactive power during recovery process after fault resection. In order to overcome the limitations of SVC control performance, an additional locking control embedded in the SVC controller, is put forward, which comes into action merely under the condition of lower voltage.The judging criteria of SVC locking control and reoperating after shutting is given, to avoid malposition compensation, to effectively reduce high voltage threat triggered by SVC, thus ensuring the safety and stability of wind farm. Lastly, simulation has verified the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. In addition, this tip offers some guidance for late construction and operation of wind farm.
For the sake of easing the threat to the safe and stable operation of power system, control performance of static var compensator, widely used in cluster wind farms, and their triggering process of voltage overshoot are analyzed detailedly in this paper. The combined action of response lag and physical property defects, produces malposition compensation effect in SVC, which supports no effective reactive power output during voltage drip, while exports surplus reactive power during recovery process after fault resection. In order to overcome the limitations of SVC control performance, an additional locking control embedded in the SVC controller, is put forward, which comes into action merely under the condition of lower voltage.The judging criteria of SVC locking control and reoperating after shutting is given, to avoid malposition compensation, to effectively reduce high voltage threat triggered by SVC, thus ensuring the safety and stability of wind farm. Lastly, simulation has verified the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. In addition, this tip offers some guidance for late construction and operation of wind farm.
引文
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[12]周明,葛江北,郭飞,等.改善连锁脱网的风电场群电压无功紧急控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(5):71-77.ZHOU Ming,GE Jiangbei,GUO Fei,et al.Voltage and reactive power emergency control strategy of wind farm cluster against cascading trip-off[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(5):71-77.
[13]赵宏博,姚良忠,王伟胜,等.大规模风电高压脱网分析及协调预防控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(23):43-48.ZHANG Hongbo,YAO Liangzhong,WANG Weisheng,et al.Outage analysis of large scale wind power under high voltage condition and coordinated prevention and control strategy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(23):43-48.
[14]栗然,唐凡,刘英培,等.双馈风电场新型无功补偿与电压控制方案[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(19):16-23.LI Ran,TANG Fan,LIU Yingpei,et al.A new scheme of reactive power compensation and voltage control for DFIG based wind farm[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(19):16-23.
[15]张文,阙波,韦古强,等.双馈型风电场双层无功分配策略[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):79-83.ZHANG Wen,QUE Bo,WEI Guqiang,et al.Hierarchical distribution strategy of reactive power for DFIG wind farm[J].E-lectric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):79-83.
[16]陈建华,杜磊,陈天华,等.多控制区多无功源协调控制的风电集群电压控制[J].江苏电机工程,2016,35(2):47-51.CHEN Jianhua,DU Lei,CHEN Tianhua,et al.Voltage control for multi-controlled domain and multi-reactive power source coordinated wind power cluster[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2016,35(2):47-51.
[17]WU Bin,LANG Yongqiang,ZARGARI N,et al.Power conversion and control of wind energy systems[M].Wiley-IEEEPress,2011.
[2]孙华东,张振宇,林伟芳,等.2011年西北电网风机脱网事故分析及启示[J].电网技术,2012,36(10):76-80.SUN Huadong,ZHANG Zhenyu,LIN Weifang,et al.Analysis on serious wind turbine generators tripping accident in northwest china power grid in 2011 and its Lessons[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(10):76-80.
[3]谢欢,吴涛,赵亚清,等.计及动态无功控制影响的风电汇集地区高电压脱网原因分析[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(4):19-25.XIE Huan,WU Tao,ZHAO Yaqing,et al.Analysis on highvoltage trip-off causation of dense wind power areas considering impact of dynamic reactive power control[J].Automation of E-lectric Power Systems.2015,39(4):19-25.
[4]徐峰达,郭庆来,孙宏斌,等.多风电场连锁脱网过程分析与仿真研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(6):1425-1431.XU Fengda,GUO Qinglai,SUN Hongbin,et al.Analysis and simulation research on cascading trips of multiple wind farms[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(6):1425-1431.
[5]郑超.SVC错位补偿对风机高电压脱网威胁及应对措施[J].电网技术,2016,40(9):2750-2757.ZHENG Chao.Study on threat of wind turbine tripping due to overvoltage caused by SVC malposition compensation and countermeasures[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(9):2750-2757.
[6]林湘宁,卓毅鑫,李正天,等.基于风电场动态电压安全决策树体系的SVC紧急控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(1):41-50.LIN Xiangning,ZHUO Yixin,LI Zhengtian,et al.Wind farm SVC emergency control strategy based on dynamic voltage security decision trees[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(1):41-50.
[7]KUNDER P.Power system stability and control[M].New York,NY,USA:McGarw-Hill 1994.
[8]MATHER R M,VARMA R K.Thyristor-based facts controllers for electrical transmission systems[M].New York:Wiley-IEEEPress,2002.
[9]崔正湃,王皓靖,马锁明,等.大规模风电汇集系统动态无功补偿装置运行现状及提升措施[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1873-1878.CUI Zhengpai,WANG Haojing,MA Suoming,et al.Operation situation analysis and improvement measure study for dynamic reactive compensation equipment applied in large-scale wind power systems[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1873-1878.
[10]徐海亮,章玮,陈建生,等.考虑动态无功支持的双馈风电机组高电压穿越控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(36):112-119,16.XU Hailiang,ZHANG Wei,CHEN Jiansheng,et al.A highvoltage ride-through control strategy for DFIG based wind turbines considering dynamic reactive power support[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(36):112-119,16.
[11]李少林,王伟胜,王瑞明,等.双馈风电机组高电压穿越控制策略与试验[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(16):76-82.LI Shaolin,WANG Weisheng,WANG Ruiming,et al.Control strategy and experiment of high voltage ride through for DFIG-based wind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(16):76-82.
[12]周明,葛江北,郭飞,等.改善连锁脱网的风电场群电压无功紧急控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(5):71-77.ZHOU Ming,GE Jiangbei,GUO Fei,et al.Voltage and reactive power emergency control strategy of wind farm cluster against cascading trip-off[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(5):71-77.
[13]赵宏博,姚良忠,王伟胜,等.大规模风电高压脱网分析及协调预防控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(23):43-48.ZHANG Hongbo,YAO Liangzhong,WANG Weisheng,et al.Outage analysis of large scale wind power under high voltage condition and coordinated prevention and control strategy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(23):43-48.
[14]栗然,唐凡,刘英培,等.双馈风电场新型无功补偿与电压控制方案[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(19):16-23.LI Ran,TANG Fan,LIU Yingpei,et al.A new scheme of reactive power compensation and voltage control for DFIG based wind farm[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(19):16-23.
[15]张文,阙波,韦古强,等.双馈型风电场双层无功分配策略[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):79-83.ZHANG Wen,QUE Bo,WEI Guqiang,et al.Hierarchical distribution strategy of reactive power for DFIG wind farm[J].E-lectric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):79-83.
[16]陈建华,杜磊,陈天华,等.多控制区多无功源协调控制的风电集群电压控制[J].江苏电机工程,2016,35(2):47-51.CHEN Jianhua,DU Lei,CHEN Tianhua,et al.Voltage control for multi-controlled domain and multi-reactive power source coordinated wind power cluster[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2016,35(2):47-51.
[17]WU Bin,LANG Yongqiang,ZARGARI N,et al.Power conversion and control of wind energy systems[M].Wiley-IEEEPress,2011.