多效唑对烟苗生长及繁殖烟蚜和烟蚜茧蜂的影响
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摘要
为探明多效唑对烟苗生长和繁殖蚜虫和蚜茧蜂的影响,提高蚜茧蜂繁殖效率,以烤烟为烟蚜寄主来繁殖蚜茧蜂,设置3种不同浓度多效唑处理烟苗,与对照进行对比研究,测定多效唑处理后烟苗主茎高度的增长量和最大叶面积增长量、各处理烟蚜和蚜茧蜂繁殖数量。试验结果表明,多效唑处理能显著抑制烟苗主茎增长,以稀释400倍效果最好,对烟苗叶面积的增长同样有显著抑制作用,稀释400倍和200倍效果相当,各处理繁殖烟蚜和蚜茧蜂数量没有明显差异,每株烟苗繁殖烟蚜均能达到400头以上,繁殖蚜茧蜂均能达到200头以上,可达到理想繁殖效果。多效唑能够显著抑制烟苗主茎和叶面积的增长,有利于烟苗抗倒伏和降低烟苗间湿度,能提高繁殖蚜茧蜂的效果,在规模化繁殖蚜茧蜂生产中有良好的推广应用价值。
The paper aims to investigate the effects of paclobutrazol on the growth of tobacco seedlings and rearing of Myzus persicae and Aphidius gifuensis, to improve the reproductive efficiency of A. gifuensis. In this experiment, using tobacco as the host of M. persicae to rearing A. gifuensis, three different concentrations of paclobutrazol were used to treat tobacco seedlings, and the different treatments were compared with the control.The growth of main stem height and maximum leaf area of tobacco seedlings, reproductive numbers of M.persicae and A. gifuensis were determined after different treatments with paclobutrazol. The results showed that,paclobutrazol treatment could significantly inhibit the growth of main stem of tobacco seedlings, the best results was the treatment of 400 times. The growth of leaf area of tobacco seedlings was also significantly inhibited, the effects of 400 times and 200 times were similar. There was no significant difference in the reproductive numbers of M. persicae and A. gifuensis among all treatments. More than 400 M. persicae could be reached on each tobacco seedling, reproductive A. gifuensis could also reach more than 200. All could achieve ideal reproductive effect. Paclobutrazol can significantly inhibit the growth of main stem and leaf area of tobacco seedlings, it is beneficial to the lodging resistance of the tobacco seedlings and reducing humidity between tobacco seedlings, and can improve the rearing effect of M. persicae and A. gifuensis. It has good popularization and application value in rearing A. gifuensis on a large scale.
The paper aims to investigate the effects of paclobutrazol on the growth of tobacco seedlings and rearing of Myzus persicae and Aphidius gifuensis, to improve the reproductive efficiency of A. gifuensis. In this experiment, using tobacco as the host of M. persicae to rearing A. gifuensis, three different concentrations of paclobutrazol were used to treat tobacco seedlings, and the different treatments were compared with the control.The growth of main stem height and maximum leaf area of tobacco seedlings, reproductive numbers of M.persicae and A. gifuensis were determined after different treatments with paclobutrazol. The results showed that,paclobutrazol treatment could significantly inhibit the growth of main stem of tobacco seedlings, the best results was the treatment of 400 times. The growth of leaf area of tobacco seedlings was also significantly inhibited, the effects of 400 times and 200 times were similar. There was no significant difference in the reproductive numbers of M. persicae and A. gifuensis among all treatments. More than 400 M. persicae could be reached on each tobacco seedling, reproductive A. gifuensis could also reach more than 200. All could achieve ideal reproductive effect. Paclobutrazol can significantly inhibit the growth of main stem and leaf area of tobacco seedlings, it is beneficial to the lodging resistance of the tobacco seedlings and reducing humidity between tobacco seedlings, and can improve the rearing effect of M. persicae and A. gifuensis. It has good popularization and application value in rearing A. gifuensis on a large scale.
引文
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[14]陈显,孙颖,李建安.赤霉素和多效唑对油茶幼株生长的影响[J].经济林研究,2013,31(2):86-90.
[15]柏天琦,张立猛,谷星慧,等.十字花科作物繁殖烟蚜和扩繁烟蚜茧蜂[J].云南农业大学学报,2015,30(4):541-546.
[16]张洁,张礼生,陈红印,等.大规模扩繁烟蚜茧蜂的蚜类寄主筛选研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2014,30(1):32-37.
[17]黄凤霞,周阳,张礼生,等.一种扩繁烟蚜茧蜂的载体植物适合性评价[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(4):827-833.
[18]朱艰,王新中,蒋自立,等.利用蜂蚜同接技术规模饲养烟蚜茧蜂[J].中国烟草学报,2012,18(3):74-77.
[19]王夸平,高福宏,詹莜国,等.烟草漂浮育苗繁育烟蚜茧蜂的影响因素探讨[J].浙江农业学报,2013,25(5):1043-1049.
[20]李明福,张永平,王秀忠.烟蚜茧蜂繁育及对烟蚜的防治效果探索[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(2):343-346.
[21]杨于峰,史明惠,王那六,等.烟蚜茧蜂防治烤烟大田烟蚜技术及效果初报[J].云南农业科技,2010(4):55-57.
[22]王树会,魏佳宁.烟蚜茧蜂规模化繁殖和释放技术研究[J].云南大学学报,2006,28(S1):377-382.
[23]谷星慧,杨硕媛,余砚碧,等.云南省烟蚜茧蜂防治桃蚜技术应用[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(1):1-7.
[24]姜英,彭彦,申文辉,等.植物生长延缓剂对盆栽金钱树生长及观赏品质的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2011,31(6):10-12.
[25]连恒才,许长成,董新纯.多效唑对小麦幼苗抗高温性的影响[J].山东农业大学学报,1994,25(2):233-235.
[26]汤日圣,吴鹤鸣,张金渝,等.多效唑防止水稻倒伏的原因剖析[J].植物生理学通讯,1989(1):23-26.
[2]Takada H. Aphid parasitoids as biological contyol agents of vector aphids of papaya ring spot virus and banana bunchy top virus[J].FFTC Tech Bull,1992(132):1-11.
[3]周子方,任伟,周冀衡,等.规模化应用烟蚜茧蜂防治烟蚜的主要技术障碍及应对方法[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(16):9659-9661.
[4]邹钺,朱艰,李晓强,等.烟蚜茧蜂防治烟蚜的应用前景分析[J].云南洒血学报:自然科学版,2012,34(S1):122-128.
[5]任广伟,秦焕菊.我国烟蚜茧蜂的研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2000,21(1):27-30.
[6]李学荣,忻亦芬,张明伟,等.烟蚜茧蜂控制工厂化蔬菜桃蚜的研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2002,33(4):262-265.
[7]王新中,朱艰,段乐琴,等.寄主烟蚜饲养周期与饲养质量关系研究[J].中国烟草学报,2012,18(3):67-70.
[8]高春美.烤烟幼苗繁蜂技术中桃蚜茧蜂规模饲养研究[J].现代农业科技,2012(12):240.
[9]崔宇翔,胡小曼,李佛琳,等.滇西北高原烟蚜茧蜂繁育及田间防治蚜虫效果[J].云南农业大学学报,2011,26(S2):123-128.
[10]游鸯,汪天.多效唑作用及应用研究进展[J].亚热带植物科学,2013,42(4):361-366.
[11]王海山,孙红梅.植物生长延缓剂提高红茄抗旱性的研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(7):126-132.
[12]张建波,周玉锋,莫志萍,等.多效唑对温室高羊茅生长的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2011,39(1):177-180.
[13]丁君辉,程鹏,王若仲,等.多效唑和脱落酸对白兰花内源激素及光合速率的影响[J].亚热带植物科学,2012,41(3):29-32.
[14]陈显,孙颖,李建安.赤霉素和多效唑对油茶幼株生长的影响[J].经济林研究,2013,31(2):86-90.
[15]柏天琦,张立猛,谷星慧,等.十字花科作物繁殖烟蚜和扩繁烟蚜茧蜂[J].云南农业大学学报,2015,30(4):541-546.
[16]张洁,张礼生,陈红印,等.大规模扩繁烟蚜茧蜂的蚜类寄主筛选研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2014,30(1):32-37.
[17]黄凤霞,周阳,张礼生,等.一种扩繁烟蚜茧蜂的载体植物适合性评价[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(4):827-833.
[18]朱艰,王新中,蒋自立,等.利用蜂蚜同接技术规模饲养烟蚜茧蜂[J].中国烟草学报,2012,18(3):74-77.
[19]王夸平,高福宏,詹莜国,等.烟草漂浮育苗繁育烟蚜茧蜂的影响因素探讨[J].浙江农业学报,2013,25(5):1043-1049.
[20]李明福,张永平,王秀忠.烟蚜茧蜂繁育及对烟蚜的防治效果探索[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(2):343-346.
[21]杨于峰,史明惠,王那六,等.烟蚜茧蜂防治烤烟大田烟蚜技术及效果初报[J].云南农业科技,2010(4):55-57.
[22]王树会,魏佳宁.烟蚜茧蜂规模化繁殖和释放技术研究[J].云南大学学报,2006,28(S1):377-382.
[23]谷星慧,杨硕媛,余砚碧,等.云南省烟蚜茧蜂防治桃蚜技术应用[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(1):1-7.
[24]姜英,彭彦,申文辉,等.植物生长延缓剂对盆栽金钱树生长及观赏品质的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2011,31(6):10-12.
[25]连恒才,许长成,董新纯.多效唑对小麦幼苗抗高温性的影响[J].山东农业大学学报,1994,25(2):233-235.
[26]汤日圣,吴鹤鸣,张金渝,等.多效唑防止水稻倒伏的原因剖析[J].植物生理学通讯,1989(1):23-26.