毫米波云雷达反演层云微物理参数的个例试验
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摘要
为了研究层状云微物理性质,了解层云粒子分布特征,通过毫米波雷达收集的功率谱数据估算层状云中的空气湍流谱宽值,并利用雷达回波强度、多普勒速度、速度谱宽及湍流谱宽值得到层状云微物理参数反演公式。将反演得到的反射率谱与毫米波雷达实测反射率谱进行对比,发现反演的反射率谱与雷达实测反射率谱比较类似,结果验证了反演方法的合理性。研究结果表明,层云反演方法能够比较准确的反演层云微物理参数,反演结果对了解层状云微物理性质与分布特征具有一定的参考意义。
The turbulent spectral width of the stratus is estimated by using spectral data collected by the millimeter-wavelength radar,then obtained the retrieval formula of stratus by using radar reflectivity,doppler velocity,doppler spectrum width and the turbulent spectral width of the stratus,thus to study the microphysical properties of stratus and distribution characteristics of the stratus particles.The retrieved reflectivity spectrum with the measured reflectivity spectrum from radar is compared.The result shows that the retrieved reflectivity spectrum is similar to the measured reflectivity spectrum.It proves that the retrieval algorithm is reasonable.The research concludes that the microphysical parameters of the stratus could be accurate retrieved by the retrieval formula of stratus,and has practical significance for knowing microphysical properties and distribution characteristics of stratus.
The turbulent spectral width of the stratus is estimated by using spectral data collected by the millimeter-wavelength radar,then obtained the retrieval formula of stratus by using radar reflectivity,doppler velocity,doppler spectrum width and the turbulent spectral width of the stratus,thus to study the microphysical properties of stratus and distribution characteristics of the stratus particles.The retrieved reflectivity spectrum with the measured reflectivity spectrum from radar is compared.The result shows that the retrieved reflectivity spectrum is similar to the measured reflectivity spectrum.It proves that the retrieval algorithm is reasonable.The research concludes that the microphysical parameters of the stratus could be accurate retrieved by the retrieval formula of stratus,and has practical significance for knowing microphysical properties and distribution characteristics of stratus.
引文
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[16]仲凌志,刘黎平,葛润生.毫米波测云雷达的特点及其研究现状与展望[J].地球科学进展,2009,24(4):383-391.
[17]仲凌志,刘黎平,葛润生,等.毫米波测云雷达(HMBQ)的系统定标和探测能力研究[J].应用气象学报,2011,69(2):1-11.
[18]彭亮,陈洪滨,李柏.3mm多普勒云雷达测量反演云内空气垂直速度的研究[J].大气科学,2012,36(1):1-10.
[19]刘黎平,宗蓉,齐彦斌,刘健.云雷达反演层状云微物理参数及其与飞机观测数据的对比[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(9):64-71.
[20]黄梦宇,赵春生,周广强,等.华北地区层状云微物理特性及气溶胶对云的影响[J].南京气象学院学报,2005,28(3):360-368.
[21]Matrosov S Y.Retrieval of vertical profiles of ice cloud microphysics from radar and IR measurements usingtuned regressions between reflectivity and cloud parameters[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1999,104:16741-16753.
[2]Sauvageot H,Omar J.Radar reflectivity of cumulus clouds[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technol,1987,4:264-272.
[3]Pasqualucci F,Bartram B W,Kropfli R A,et al.A millimeter-wavelength dua-l polarization Doppler radar forcloud and precipitation studies[J].Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology,1983,22:758-765.
[4]Pasqualucci F.Drop size distribution measurements in convective storms with a vertically pointing Dopplerradar[J].Radio Science,1984,19:177-183.
[5]Sekelsky S M,Mclntosh R E.Cloud observations with a polarimetric 33 GHz and 95 GHz radar[J].Meteoro-logy And Atmospheric Physics,1996,59:123-140.
[6]Fox NI,Illingworth AJ.The Retrieval of Stratocumulus Cloud Properties by Ground-Based Cloud Radar[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1997,36:485-492.
[7]Gossard E E.Measurement of Cloud Droplet Size Spectra by Doppler Radar[J].Journal of Atamospheric andOceanic Technology,1994,11:712-726.
[8]Gossard E E,Snider J B,Clothiaux E E,et al.The potential of 8-mm radars for remotely sensing cloud dropsize distributions[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology,1997,14:76-87.
[9]Mace G G,Ackerman T P,Minnis P,et al.Cirrus layer microphysical properties derived from surface-based millimeterradar and infrared interferometer data[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1998,103:23207-23216.
[10]Kollias P,Albrecht B A,Lhermitte R,et al.Radar Observations of Updrafts,Downdrafts,and Turbulence inFair-Weather Cumuli[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,2001,58:1750-1766.
[11]Mace G G,HeymsfieldA J,Poellot M R.On retrieving the microphysical properties ofcirrus clouds using the momentsof the millimeter-wavelength Doppler spectrum[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2002,107:4815.
[12]Matrosov S Y,Korolev A V,Heymsfield A J.Profiling cloud ice mass and particle characteristic size fromDoppler radar measurements[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology,2002,19:1003-1018.
[13]Shelby Frisch,Matthew Shupe,Irina Djalalova,et al.The Retrieval of Stratus Cloud Droplet Effective Radiuswith Cloud Radars[J].Journal of Atamospheric and Oceanic Technology,2002,19:835-842.
[14]Min Deng,Mace G G.Cirrus microphysical properties and air motion statistics using cloud radar Doppler moments.Part I:Algorithm description[J].Journal ofApplied Meteorology And Climatology,2006,45:1690-1709.
[15]Shupe M D,Pavlos Kollias,Michael Poellot,et al.On Deriving Vertical Air Motions from Cloud RadarDoppler Spectra[J].2008 American Meteorological Society,2007,25:547-557.
[16]仲凌志,刘黎平,葛润生.毫米波测云雷达的特点及其研究现状与展望[J].地球科学进展,2009,24(4):383-391.
[17]仲凌志,刘黎平,葛润生,等.毫米波测云雷达(HMBQ)的系统定标和探测能力研究[J].应用气象学报,2011,69(2):1-11.
[18]彭亮,陈洪滨,李柏.3mm多普勒云雷达测量反演云内空气垂直速度的研究[J].大气科学,2012,36(1):1-10.
[19]刘黎平,宗蓉,齐彦斌,刘健.云雷达反演层状云微物理参数及其与飞机观测数据的对比[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(9):64-71.
[20]黄梦宇,赵春生,周广强,等.华北地区层状云微物理特性及气溶胶对云的影响[J].南京气象学院学报,2005,28(3):360-368.
[21]Matrosov S Y.Retrieval of vertical profiles of ice cloud microphysics from radar and IR measurements usingtuned regressions between reflectivity and cloud parameters[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1999,104:16741-16753.