基于双变量熵信息法的江西省崩岗侵蚀风险评估
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摘要
崩岗侵蚀是我国南方地区水土流失的一种特殊类型,但关于崩岗的风险评估方面的研究较少。选择江西省作为研究区域,通过相关因子分析筛选风险评估指标,采用双变量熵信息法计算崩岗发生风险,在此基础上采用专家打分法计算崩岗危害风险,将崩岗发生风险与崩岗危害风险叠加即可得到崩岗侵蚀风险,以此探讨区域尺度崩岗侵蚀风险评估的可行性。结果表明:江西省南部、西部崩岗发生风险较高,东部、北部和中部相对较低;全省崩岗危害风险总体较轻微,在中部危害风险相对较高,但比较零碎;综合发生风险和危害风险后,江西省崩岗侵蚀以中风险为主,占全省总面积的63%以上,较高及以上风险主要分布在中部呈东北至西南向的区域范围内。研究成果可为我国南方地区的崩岗侵蚀风险评估提供参考。
Study on risk assessment of collapse gully erosion,a special type of soil erosion in South China,is rare.The feasibility of assessing the risk of collapse gully erosion in regional scale is explored in this paper with Jiangxi Province as study area. Risk assessment indexes are selected through relevant factor analysis,and the occurrence risk of collapse gully is calculated by bivariate statistical analysis of entropy information value,and the hazardous risk of collapse gully is estimated by using expert scoring method. By superposing the occurrence risk and the hazardous risk,the risk of collapsing gully erosion is obtained. Results unveil that the occurrence risk of collapse gully is higher in the south and west of Jiangxi Province,but relatively low in the eastern,northern and central part of the province. The hazardous risk of collapse gully in Jiangxi Province is low in general,but is relatively high in the central part yet in fragmented distribution. Superposing occurrence risk and hazardous risk reveals that medium risk takes up a major portion of collapse gully erosion in Jiangxi Province,which accounts for more than 63% of the total area of the province; high risk and above-high risk mainly distributes in the central part stretching in the direction from northeast to southwest of the province.
Study on risk assessment of collapse gully erosion,a special type of soil erosion in South China,is rare.The feasibility of assessing the risk of collapse gully erosion in regional scale is explored in this paper with Jiangxi Province as study area. Risk assessment indexes are selected through relevant factor analysis,and the occurrence risk of collapse gully is calculated by bivariate statistical analysis of entropy information value,and the hazardous risk of collapse gully is estimated by using expert scoring method. By superposing the occurrence risk and the hazardous risk,the risk of collapsing gully erosion is obtained. Results unveil that the occurrence risk of collapse gully is higher in the south and west of Jiangxi Province,but relatively low in the eastern,northern and central part of the province. The hazardous risk of collapse gully in Jiangxi Province is low in general,but is relatively high in the central part yet in fragmented distribution. Superposing occurrence risk and hazardous risk reveals that medium risk takes up a major portion of collapse gully erosion in Jiangxi Province,which accounts for more than 63% of the total area of the province; high risk and above-high risk mainly distributes in the central part stretching in the direction from northeast to southwest of the province.
引文
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[18]巫丽芸,何东进,洪伟,等.自然灾害风险评估与灾害易损性研究进展[J].灾害学,2014,29(4):129-135.
[19]何超,李萌,李婷婷,等.多目标综合评价中四种确定权重方法的比较与分析[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(2):172-178.
[2]曾昭璇,黄少敏.红层地貌与花岗岩地貌[M].北京:科学出版社,1980:139-150.
[3]史德明.我国热带亚热带地区崩岗侵蚀的剖析[J].水土保持通报,1984,4(3):32-37.
[4]张淑光,钟朝章.广东省崩岗形成机理与类型[J].水土保持通报,1990,10(3):8-16.
[5]吴志峰,李定强,丘世钧.华南水土流失区崩岗侵蚀地貌系统分析[J].水土保持通报,1999,19(5):24-26.
[6]张大林,刘希林.崩岗侵蚀地貌的演变过程及阶段划分[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2011,6(2):23-28.
[7]丘世钧.红土坡地崩岗侵蚀过程与机理[J].水土保持通报,1994,14(6):31-40.
[8]阮伏水.福建崩岗沟侵蚀机理探讨[J].福建师范大学学报(自然科学版),1996,12(增刊):24-31.
[9]牛德奎.华南红壤丘陵区崩岗发育的环境背景与侵蚀机理研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2009.
[10]张晓明,丁树文,蔡崇法.干湿效应下崩岗区岩土抗剪强度衰减非线性分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(5):241-245.
[11]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡度和雨强对花岗岩崩岗崩积体细沟侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(1):1-5.
[12]刘希林,张大林.崩岗地貌侵蚀过程三维立体监测研究---以广东五华县莲塘岗崩岗为例[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(1):26-31.
[13]陈志彪,朱鹤健,刘强,等.根溪河小流域的崩岗特征及其治理措施[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(5):83-88.
[14]陈洋.基于遥感与GIS的流域崩岗敏感性分析[D].福州:福建师范大学,2010.
[15]陈嘉林.福建省典型崩岗区潜在性崩岗风险评估与预测[D].福州:福建农林大学,2015.
[16]李家存.基于RS和GIS的区域坡地重力侵蚀危险性评价研究[D].北京:中国科学院遥感应用研究所,2006.
[17]程冬兵,张平仓.南方崩岗侵蚀风险评估构想[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(4):346-350.
[18]巫丽芸,何东进,洪伟,等.自然灾害风险评估与灾害易损性研究进展[J].灾害学,2014,29(4):129-135.
[19]何超,李萌,李婷婷,等.多目标综合评价中四种确定权重方法的比较与分析[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(2):172-178.