基于乘客均衡候车的轨道交通协同限流建模
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摘要
城市轨道交通大客流呈现非均衡、非稳态、非线性特征,直接影响乘客服务水平和列车运行可靠性,是车站客运组织管理中的重要环节.在分析大客流条件下乘客候车延误影响因素的基础上,考虑列车周期性运行特性,并抽象乘客到达规律符合均匀分布,以各站乘客均衡候车为优化目标,构建线路层车站间的单目标多约束协同限流模型,并基于Matlab非线性规划fmincon函数进行求解.算例分析结果表明,该方法能从线路大客流均衡管控的角度缓解运能与运量之间的矛盾,避免局部车站客流积压严重,具有有效性和合理性.
Mass passenger flow in urban rail transit always presents non-balanced,non-steady and non-linear feature. Flow control becomes the main process in passenger organization management since it would directly influence the passenger service level and train operation reliability. According to the train periodic running characteristics and simplifying the arrival of passengers in accordance with the law of uniformity based on analyzing delay influence of passenger waiting time under the condition of mass passenger flow, this paper presents co-passenger flow control model among multi-stations in a single line,aiming to balance the passengers' waiting time in each station. The fmincon function provided by Matlab is used to find the optimal value. The result analysis of a simulation case shows that the model is effective and reasonable to alleviate the contradiction between transport capacity and traffic volume from the angle of equal control of mass passenger flow and to avoid some stations of the line having large number of stranded passengers.
Mass passenger flow in urban rail transit always presents non-balanced,non-steady and non-linear feature. Flow control becomes the main process in passenger organization management since it would directly influence the passenger service level and train operation reliability. According to the train periodic running characteristics and simplifying the arrival of passengers in accordance with the law of uniformity based on analyzing delay influence of passenger waiting time under the condition of mass passenger flow, this paper presents co-passenger flow control model among multi-stations in a single line,aiming to balance the passengers' waiting time in each station. The fmincon function provided by Matlab is used to find the optimal value. The result analysis of a simulation case shows that the model is effective and reasonable to alleviate the contradiction between transport capacity and traffic volume from the angle of equal control of mass passenger flow and to avoid some stations of the line having large number of stranded passengers.
引文
[1]施云惠,熊梦伟,孙艳丰.城市轨道交通线网拥挤度指标体系研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2016,13(11):2290-2298.Shi Yunhui,Xiong Mengwei,Sun Yanfeng.Research on congestion degree index system of urban rail transit network[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2016,13(11):2290-2298.(in Chinese)
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[13]李曼,王艳辉,晋君,等.基于路网客流模态的城市轨道交通网络拥堵演变机理[J].东南大学学报自然科学版,2017,47(2):404-409.Li Man,Wang Yanhui,Jin Jun,et al.Network congestion evolution law of urban rail transit based on network passenger flow model[J].Journal of Southeast University Natural Science Edition,2017,47(2):404-409.(in Chinese)
[14]Niu Huimin,Zhou Xuesong.Optimizing urban rail timetable under time-dependent demand and oversaturated conditions[J].Transportation Research Part C,2013,36(11):212-230.
[15]王玉萍.城市轨道交通客流预测与分析方法[D].西安:长安大学,2011.Wang Yuping.Study on urban rail transit passenger forecast and analysis[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2011.(in Chinese)
[16]郭平.城市轨道交通客流特征及预测相关问题[J].城市轨道交通研究,2010(1):58-62.Guo Ping.On characteristics and prediction of urban rail transit passenger flow[J].Urban Mass Transit,2010(1):58-62.(in Chinese)
[17]朱广宇,王雨晨,张彭,等.基于变点发掘的城市轨道交通客流预测模型[J].中南大学学报自然科学版,2016,47(6):2153-2159.Zhu Guangyu,Wang Yuchen,Zhang Peng,et al.A forecasting model for urban rail transit passenger flow based on change-point detection method[J].Journal of Central South University Science and Technology,2016,47(6):2153-2159.(in Chinese)
[18]石庄彬,张宁,邵星杰,等.城市轨道交通客流高峰持续时间预测方法[J].城市轨道交通研究,2016,19(7):35-39.Shi Zhuangbin,Zhang Ning,Shao Xingjie,et al.Prediction of passenger flow duration in urban rail transit peak hours[J].Urban Mass Transit,2016,19(7):35-39.(in Chinese)
[19]张璐.基于动态客流的城市轨道交通网络列车时刻表优化研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.Zhang Lu.Timetable optimization of urban rail transit network based on dynamic passenger flow[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.(in Chinese)
[20]罗钦,杨永泰,莫义弘,等.城市轨道交通行车调度应急辅助决策系统的设计与实现[J].铁道运输与经济,2017,39(2):85-89.Luo Qin,Yang Yongtai,Mo Yihong,et al.Design and realization of emergency auxiliary decision-making system of traffic control for urban rail transit[J].Railway Transport and Economy,2017,39(2):85-89.(in Chinese)
[2]郑雪梅,蒋熙.基于系统动力学的地铁客村站客流控制研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2016,13(11):2284-2289.Zheng Xuemei,Jiang Xi.The study of passenger flow control at kecun station of urban rail transit based on system dynamics[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2016,13(11):2284-2289.(in Chinese)
[3]肖慧雅,姚丽亚,曾伟,等.城市轨道交通站点限流设施优化方法研究[J].道路交通与安全,2016,16(6):46-50.Xiao Huiya,Yao Liya,Zeng Wei,et al.Study of the optimization methods of flow-limiting facilities in urban rail transit stations[J].Road Traffic&Safety,2016,16(6):46-50.(in Chinese)
[4]李冰玉,秦孝敏.城市轨道交通网络大客流拥堵传播机理研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(1):162-168.Li Bingyu,Qin Xiaomin.Study on propagation mechanism of mass passenger flow congestion in urban rail transit network[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(1):162-168.(in Chinese)
[5]曹志超,袁振洲,张思林,等.城市轨道交通大客流等车时间计算模型[J].铁道标准设计,2015,59(3):33-37.Cao Zhichao,Yuan Zhenzhou,Zhang Silin,et al.The model of calculating waiting time in urban rail transit under oversaturated conditions[J].Railway Standard Design,2015,59(3):33-37.(in Chinese)
[6]张正,蒋熙,贺英松.城市轨道交通高峰时段车站协同限流安全控制研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2013,9(10):5-9.Zhang Zheng,Jiang Xi,He Yingsong.Study on collaborative flow-limiting safety control of urban railway station in peak hours[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2013,9(10):5-9.(in Chinese)
[7]赵鹏,姚向明,禹丹丹.高峰时段城市轨道交通线路客流协调控制[J].同济大学学报自然科学版,2014,42(9):1340-1346.Zhao Peng,Yao Xiangming,Yu Dandan.Cooperative passenger inflow control of urban mass transit in peak hours[J].Journal of Tongji University Natural Science,2014,42(9):1340-1346.(in Chinese)
[8]Li Wei,Xu Ruihua,Luo Qin,et al.Coordination of last train transfers using automated fare collection(AFC)system data[J].Journal of Advanced Transportation,2017,50(8):2209-2225.
[9]Zhang Jianhua,Zhao Mingwei,Liu Haikuan,et al.Networked characteristics of the urban rail transit networks[J].Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,2012,392(6):1538-1546.
[10]邱蓉.地铁平行换乘车站旅客行为及运能分析[J].铁道标准设计.2013(4):8-13.Qiu Rong.Analysis on passenger behavior and transport capacity[J].Railway Standard Design,2013(4):8-13.(in Chinese)
[11]陈伽申,蒲琪,涂颖菲.城市轨道交通乘客上下车行为与停站时间研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2017(1):61-64,78.Chen Jiashen,Pu Qi,Tu Yingfei.On the relation between passenger boarding behavior and train dwelling time[J].Urban Mass Transit,2017(1):61-64,78.(in Chinese)
[12]李凌燕.城市轨道交通网络突发大客流传播机理及组织优化[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.Li Lingyan.Sudden passenger flow propagation mechanism analysis and organizational optimization in urban rail transit network[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.(in Chinese)
[13]李曼,王艳辉,晋君,等.基于路网客流模态的城市轨道交通网络拥堵演变机理[J].东南大学学报自然科学版,2017,47(2):404-409.Li Man,Wang Yanhui,Jin Jun,et al.Network congestion evolution law of urban rail transit based on network passenger flow model[J].Journal of Southeast University Natural Science Edition,2017,47(2):404-409.(in Chinese)
[14]Niu Huimin,Zhou Xuesong.Optimizing urban rail timetable under time-dependent demand and oversaturated conditions[J].Transportation Research Part C,2013,36(11):212-230.
[15]王玉萍.城市轨道交通客流预测与分析方法[D].西安:长安大学,2011.Wang Yuping.Study on urban rail transit passenger forecast and analysis[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2011.(in Chinese)
[16]郭平.城市轨道交通客流特征及预测相关问题[J].城市轨道交通研究,2010(1):58-62.Guo Ping.On characteristics and prediction of urban rail transit passenger flow[J].Urban Mass Transit,2010(1):58-62.(in Chinese)
[17]朱广宇,王雨晨,张彭,等.基于变点发掘的城市轨道交通客流预测模型[J].中南大学学报自然科学版,2016,47(6):2153-2159.Zhu Guangyu,Wang Yuchen,Zhang Peng,et al.A forecasting model for urban rail transit passenger flow based on change-point detection method[J].Journal of Central South University Science and Technology,2016,47(6):2153-2159.(in Chinese)
[18]石庄彬,张宁,邵星杰,等.城市轨道交通客流高峰持续时间预测方法[J].城市轨道交通研究,2016,19(7):35-39.Shi Zhuangbin,Zhang Ning,Shao Xingjie,et al.Prediction of passenger flow duration in urban rail transit peak hours[J].Urban Mass Transit,2016,19(7):35-39.(in Chinese)
[19]张璐.基于动态客流的城市轨道交通网络列车时刻表优化研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.Zhang Lu.Timetable optimization of urban rail transit network based on dynamic passenger flow[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.(in Chinese)
[20]罗钦,杨永泰,莫义弘,等.城市轨道交通行车调度应急辅助决策系统的设计与实现[J].铁道运输与经济,2017,39(2):85-89.Luo Qin,Yang Yongtai,Mo Yihong,et al.Design and realization of emergency auxiliary decision-making system of traffic control for urban rail transit[J].Railway Transport and Economy,2017,39(2):85-89.(in Chinese)