以安全为导向的地铁高峰时段多车站客流协同控制模型
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摘要
传统的客流控制大都以减少乘客等待时间或者客运周转量最大为目标,缺乏对于安全性的考虑.保证乘客等待时间在可接受范围以内,以客流聚集预警值最小为目标,提出了以安全为导向的地铁高峰时段多车站客流协同控制模型,并成功将其转化为单目标线性整数规划模型,借助CPLEX优化器可直接进行求解.以某地铁线路高峰客流数据为例,通过计算得出,相对于以乘客等待时间最小为目标的客流控制方法,本文方法在保证乘客总等待时间仅增长1%的情况下,能够将所有车站客流聚集控制在安全范围以内,大大提高了客运组织安全性,为实际客流控制提供了很好的依据.
Most of the traditional passenger flow control methods for metro system aim to reduce the total passenger waiting time or maximize the passenger person-kilometers, while lack of emphasis on safety elements.Constraining the total passenger waiting time under an acceptable range, this paper proposes a safety-oriented cooperative passenger flow control model, which aims to minimize the total risk value of the passenger accumulation. The proposed model is successfully converted to an integer linear programming model with a single objective, which can be solved by CPLEX solver. From the experimental results of a real world case, we can find that, compared with passenger control which aims to minimizing the total passenger waiting time, our model can control the passenger accumulation at all stations in the safety level, meanwhile the total passenger waiting time only increases by 1%. As the proposed method can improve the operational safety to a great extent, it might offer well guidance to the passenger flow control in reality.
Most of the traditional passenger flow control methods for metro system aim to reduce the total passenger waiting time or maximize the passenger person-kilometers, while lack of emphasis on safety elements.Constraining the total passenger waiting time under an acceptable range, this paper proposes a safety-oriented cooperative passenger flow control model, which aims to minimize the total risk value of the passenger accumulation. The proposed model is successfully converted to an integer linear programming model with a single objective, which can be solved by CPLEX solver. From the experimental results of a real world case, we can find that, compared with passenger control which aims to minimizing the total passenger waiting time, our model can control the passenger accumulation at all stations in the safety level, meanwhile the total passenger waiting time only increases by 1%. As the proposed method can improve the operational safety to a great extent, it might offer well guidance to the passenger flow control in reality.
引文
[1]刘晓华,韩梅,陈超.城市轨道交通车站联合客流控制研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2014(5):106-108,114.[LIU X H,HAN M,CHEN C.Study on passenger cooperated-controlling for urban rail stations[J].Urban Mass Transit,2014(5):106-108,114.]
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[3]焦轩.城市轨道交通突发客流传播特性及客流控制措施研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.[JIAO X.The congestion propagation rules and coordinated inflow control method for urban rail transit network[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.]
[4]刘莲花,蒋亮.城市轨道交通网络客流控制方法研究[J].铁道运输与经济,2011(5):51-55.[LIU L H,JIANG L.Research on passenger flow control method of urban rail transit network[J].Railway Transport and Economy,2011(5):51-55.]
[5]鲁工圆,马驷,王坤,等.城市轨道交通线路客流控制整数规划模型[J].西南交通大学学报,2017(2):319-325.[LU G Y,MA S,WANG K,et al.Integer programming model of passenger flow assignment for congested urban rail lines[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2017(2):319-325.]
[6]赵鹏,姚向明,禹丹丹.高峰时段城市轨道交通线路客流协调控制[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2014(9):1340-1346,1443.[ZHAO P,YAO X M,YU D D.Cooperative passenger inflow control of urban mass transit in peak hours[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2014(9):1340-1346,1443.]
[7]黄文慧,李海鹰,王莹.轨道交通高峰期单线客流拥挤传播与控制[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017(1):173-179.[HUANG W H,LI H Y,WANG Y.Passenger congestion propagation and control in peak hours for urban rail transit line[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2017(1):173-179.]
[2]姜曼.城市轨道交通单线多站协同客流控制研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.[JIANG M.Coordination control of passenger flow in multi stations of a single line in urban rail transit[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.]
[3]焦轩.城市轨道交通突发客流传播特性及客流控制措施研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.[JIAO X.The congestion propagation rules and coordinated inflow control method for urban rail transit network[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.]
[4]刘莲花,蒋亮.城市轨道交通网络客流控制方法研究[J].铁道运输与经济,2011(5):51-55.[LIU L H,JIANG L.Research on passenger flow control method of urban rail transit network[J].Railway Transport and Economy,2011(5):51-55.]
[5]鲁工圆,马驷,王坤,等.城市轨道交通线路客流控制整数规划模型[J].西南交通大学学报,2017(2):319-325.[LU G Y,MA S,WANG K,et al.Integer programming model of passenger flow assignment for congested urban rail lines[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2017(2):319-325.]
[6]赵鹏,姚向明,禹丹丹.高峰时段城市轨道交通线路客流协调控制[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2014(9):1340-1346,1443.[ZHAO P,YAO X M,YU D D.Cooperative passenger inflow control of urban mass transit in peak hours[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2014(9):1340-1346,1443.]
[7]黄文慧,李海鹰,王莹.轨道交通高峰期单线客流拥挤传播与控制[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017(1):173-179.[HUANG W H,LI H Y,WANG Y.Passenger congestion propagation and control in peak hours for urban rail transit line[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2017(1):173-179.]