荧光增白剂在棉织物多羧酸免烫整理中的应用
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摘要
棉织物经荧光增白剂VBL增白后,再经多羧酸交联处理,织物白度明显下降;~1H NMR分析表明VBL耐酸性较差,影响其增白效果。多羧酸交联棉织物以常用棉荧光增白剂增白处理,发现对织物白度的提升性较差,白度值均低于100%,表明多羧酸交联棉纤维对棉用增白剂有拒染性。采用反相凝胶渗透色谱法测定多羧酸交联前后棉纤维微隙结构,用软件计算增白剂分子尺寸,分析产生拒染现象的主要原因为多羧酸交联后棉纤维微隙结构发生变化,交联后纤维内大多数孔隙直径(≤25?)小于增白剂分子直径(27~29?),降低了增白剂上染棉纤维的概率。以直径较小的荧光增白剂(21.5?)对多羧酸交联织物进行增白处理,增白效果较好,织物可获得近130%的白度。
The whiteness of the conventional fluorescent brightener VBL whitened fabrics is decreased significantly after crosslinked with polycarboxylic acid.1 H NMR analysis shows that VBL has poor stability in acidic solution and exerts negative impact on fabric whiteness. When the conventional fluorescent whitening agents are used to treat the polycarboxylic acid finished fabrics, the whiteness of resultant fabrics is not well improved and lower than 100%. Therefore, the polycarboxylic acid finished fabrics exhibit resistance to the commonly used fluorescent whitening agents. Reverse phase gel permeation chromatography is used to determine the pore structure of cotton fiber before and after polycarboxylic acid treatment. The molecular size of optical brighteners is calculated by computer software. The main reason for resistance to the conventional fluorescent brightener of the crosslinked fabrics is the variation of pore structure of cotton fiber after being crosslinked with polycarboxylic acid. The diameter of most of the micropores in crosslinked cotton fiber is smaller than 25 ? and smaller than the diameter of fluorescent whitening agents(27~29?), which reduces the availability of cotton fiber to whitening agent.A smaller fluorescent whitening agent(21.5 ?) is selected to whiten the polycarboxylic acid crosslinked fabrics. The whitening effect is good and the whiteness of fabrics can be increased nearly to 130%.
The whiteness of the conventional fluorescent brightener VBL whitened fabrics is decreased significantly after crosslinked with polycarboxylic acid.1 H NMR analysis shows that VBL has poor stability in acidic solution and exerts negative impact on fabric whiteness. When the conventional fluorescent whitening agents are used to treat the polycarboxylic acid finished fabrics, the whiteness of resultant fabrics is not well improved and lower than 100%. Therefore, the polycarboxylic acid finished fabrics exhibit resistance to the commonly used fluorescent whitening agents. Reverse phase gel permeation chromatography is used to determine the pore structure of cotton fiber before and after polycarboxylic acid treatment. The molecular size of optical brighteners is calculated by computer software. The main reason for resistance to the conventional fluorescent brightener of the crosslinked fabrics is the variation of pore structure of cotton fiber after being crosslinked with polycarboxylic acid. The diameter of most of the micropores in crosslinked cotton fiber is smaller than 25 ? and smaller than the diameter of fluorescent whitening agents(27~29?), which reduces the availability of cotton fiber to whitening agent.A smaller fluorescent whitening agent(21.5 ?) is selected to whiten the polycarboxylic acid crosslinked fabrics. The whitening effect is good and the whiteness of fabrics can be increased nearly to 130%.
引文
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[13]邵正,朱耀兰,曹龙龙,等.耐酸性荧光增白剂在棉织物上的应用[J].印染,2002,28(7):12-14.
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[17]孙中良.纤维素纤维微隙结构与染色[D].上海:东华大学,2014.
[2]章杰.荧光增白剂的技术进展和对环境的冲击(续一)[J].印染助剂,2015,32(2):1-9.
[3]董仲生.荧光增白剂的实用性和经济性及其对人与环境的影响[J].中国洗涤用品工业,2011,(5):25-35.
[4]曹成波,邢丹宁,栾晓玉,等.荧光增白剂研究进展[J].徐州工程学院学报(自然科学版),2015,(3):4-9.
[5]孙海洋,张健飞,巩继贤,等.纺织用荧光增白剂的研究与应用新进展[J].染整技术,2014,(3):49-52.
[6]YANG C Q.Crosslinking:A route to improve cotton performance[J].AATCC Review,2013,13(3):43-52.
[7]DEHABADI V A,BUSCHMAN H J,GUTMANN J S.Durablepress finishing of cotton fabrics:An overview[J].Textile Re-search Journal,2013,83(18):1974-1995.
[8]严玮琛.棉织物无甲醛免烫整理工艺研究[D].上海:东华大学,2014.
[9]黎淑芬,周翔,黄张秘,等.棉织物MA/IA在位聚合-交联无甲醛免烫整理[J].印染,2016,42(7):1-6.
[10]阮凌峰,周翔,黄张秘.无甲醛免烫整理剂LMP的合成[J].印染,2015,41(5):1-6.
[11]ZHAO Q,SUN J,LIU B,et al.Coloring properties of novel 1,4-distyrylbenzene and 4,4′-distyrylbiphenyl fluorescent brighten-ers and their arrangement in cotton and polyester fiber[J].Cellu-lose.2014,21(4):2937-50.
[12]黄张秘,周翔,邢志奇.聚羧酸交联棉纤维的微隙结构[J].印染.2017,43(9):1-7.
[13]邵正,朱耀兰,曹龙龙,等.耐酸性荧光增白剂在棉织物上的应用[J].印染,2002,28(7):12-14.
[14]CAO C,HAN H,WANG D,et al.Synthesis and properties ofquaternary ammonium salt fluorescent brighteners[J].Journal ofChemical Industry&Engineering,2006,57(12):3010-3015.
[15]朱永,安平林.荧光增白剂VBL的荧光机理探讨[J].1989,4(4):19-24.
[16]王晓明,李雄波,祝超花.染色棉织物的柠檬酸处理研究[J].印染助剂,2003,(1):42-44.
[17]孙中良.纤维素纤维微隙结构与染色[D].上海:东华大学,2014.