摘要
目的:观察分析社区护理干预2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者的临床康复和治疗效果。方法:选取2015年1月-2016年7月本社区门诊就诊的2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者,分为社区护理组和常规观察组。社区护理组63例,建立健康档案,按照要求开展健康教育,进行系统规范的饮食、运动、药物、心理等护理干预及病情监测12个月。常规观察组63例,未建立健康档案管理,只开展随机门诊常规护理指导,未进行系统规范健康教育、饮食、运动、药物、心理等护理干预等。两组患者均观察12个月。结果:干预12个月后,社区护理组血糖、血压、心率控制情况、用药依从性、心绞痛和低血糖发生率、各项心功能指标和认知评分等均明显优于常规观察组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),社区护理组血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)水平均明显低于常规观察组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:干预后血浆Hcy、Lp-PLA2水平的显著降低是2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者恢复效果较好和血脂等指标水平改善的可能机制。系统的社区护理干预具有较好的针对性和可行性,可充分体现出社区护理的整体优势和特色。
Objective:To observe the clinical rehabilitation and treatment effects of community nursing on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CHD).Method:Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with CHD from January 2015 to July 2016 in our community were selected and divided into community care group and routine observation group.The community care group was established health records,carried out health education according to requirements,conducted systematic standardized diet,exercise,drugs,psychological and other nursing interventions and condition monitoring for 12 months.The routine observation group was not included in the health record management patient group,only randomized routine nursing guidance,no systematic standardized health education,and dietary interventions such as diet,exercise,drugs,and psychology.Two groups were observed for 12 months.Result:After 12 months of care intervention,the blood glucose,blood pressure,heart rate control,medication compliance,angina pectoris and hypoglycemia,various cardiac function indicators and cognitive scores in the community care group were significantly better than those in the community care group(P<0.05).Plasma homocysteine(Hcy)and Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2)in the community care group were significantly lower than those in the conventional observation group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The significant decrease of plasma Hcy and Lp-PLA2 levels after intervention is a possible mechanism for the improvement of the recovery of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with CHD and the improvement of serum lipid levels.The systematic community nursing intervention has a better pertinence and feasibility.It can fully reflect the overall advantages and characteristics of community nursing.
引文
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