空间光调制器及其在空间光通信中的应用
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摘要
介绍了逆向调制空间激光通信的技术原理,概括了核心部件——空间光调制器的技术需求。重点介绍了量子阱电吸收调制器的原理、发展和系统应用,深入分析了其在应用中面临的技术挑战和瓶颈问题。回顾了最近兴起的基于微纳光学技术的空间光调制技术发展过程,并总结了高速空间光调制器的发展现状,展望了其未来发展方向和应用前景。
The mechanism of modulating retro-reflector free-space optical communication technology is introduced together with the technical requirements on its key component,spatial light modulators.The review is focused on the principle,development and system application of quantum well electro-absorption modulator.Both the challenges and bottleneck issues of technology in application are discussed.Furthermore,the emerging spatial light modulating techniques based on micro/nano photonics are introduced.The development status of spatial light modulator is summarized,and the trend and potential applications are predicted.
The mechanism of modulating retro-reflector free-space optical communication technology is introduced together with the technical requirements on its key component,spatial light modulators.The review is focused on the principle,development and system application of quantum well electro-absorption modulator.Both the challenges and bottleneck issues of technology in application are discussed.Furthermore,the emerging spatial light modulating techniques based on micro/nano photonics are introduced.The development status of spatial light modulator is summarized,and the trend and potential applications are predicted.
引文
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26 Y Thueux,N Avlonitis,G Erry.DAZZLE project:UAV to ground communication system using a laser and a modulated retro-reflector[C].SPIE,2014,9248:92480P.
27 Chen Hongda,Wu Ronghan,Gao Wenzhi,et al..Multiple quantum well spatial light modulator array[J].Chinese JSemiconductors,1997,18(5):356-361.陈弘达,吴荣汉,高文智,等.多量子阱空间光调制器二维列阵[J].半导体学报,1997,18(5):356-361.
28 Hunang Yuyang.The research of GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well spatial light modulator[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010.黄寓洋.GaAs/AlGaAs多量子阱空间光调制器研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2010.
29 H T Chen,W J Padilla,J M Zide,et al..Active terahertz metamaterial devices[J].Nature,2006,444(7119):597-600.
30 M Liu,H Y Hwang,H Tao,et al..Terahertz-field-induced insulator-to-metal transition in vanadium dioxide metamaterial[J].Nature,2012,487(7407):345-348.
31 K F MacDonald,Z L Sámson,M I Stockman,et al..Ultrafast active plasmonics[J].Nat Photonics,2009,3(1):55-58.
32 M Abb,P Albella,J Aizpurua,et al..All-optical control of a single plasmonic nanoantenna-ITO hybrid[J].Nano Lett,2011,11(6):2457-2463.
33 C Qiu,J Chen,Y Xia,et al..Active dielectric antenna on chip for spatial light modulation[J].Sci Rep,2012,2(11):488.
2 Bai Shuai,Wang Jianyu,Zhang Liang,et al..Development progress and trends of space optical communications[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2015,52(7):070001.白帅,王建宇,张亮,等.空间光通信发展历程及趋势[J].激光与光电子学进展,2015,52(7):070001.
3 Zhang Laixian,Sun Huayan,Fan Guihua,et al..Progress in free space optical communication technology based on cateye modulating retro-reflector[J].Chinese Optics,2013,6(5):681-691.张来线,孙华燕,樊桂花,等.猫眼逆向调制自由空间激光通信技术的研究进展[J].中国光学,2013,6(5):681-691.
4 Fu Qiang,Jiang Huilin,Wang Xiaoman,et al..Research status and development trend of space laser communication[J].Chinese Optics,2012,5(2):116-125.付强,姜会林,王晓曼,等.空间激光通信研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国光学,2012,5(2):116-125.
5 P G Goetz,W S Rabinovich,R Mahon,et al..Modulating retro-reflector lasercom systems for small unmanned vehicles[J].IEEE J Sel Area Commun,2012,30(5):986-992.
6 U Efron.Spatial light modulator technology:Materials,devices,and applications[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,1994.
7 D Miller,D Chemla,T Damen,et al..Band-edge electroabsorption in quantum well structures:The quantum-confined Stark effect[J].Phys Rev Lett,1984,53(22):2173-2176.
8 G C Gilbreath,W S Rabinovich,T J Meehan,et al..Compact lightweight payload for covert datalink using a multiple quantum well modulating retroreflector on a small rotary-wing unmanned airborne vehicle[C].SPIE,2000,4127:57-67.
9 C Barron,M Whitehead,K-K Law,et al..K-band operation of asymmetric Fabry-Perot modulators[J].IEEE Photon Technol Lett,1992,4(5):459-461.
10 T H Stievater,W S Rabinovich,P G Goetz,et al..A surface-normal coupled-quantum-well modulator at 1.55 microns[C],Lasers and Electro-Optics,2004:CThH3.
11 C Barron,C Mahon,B Thibeault,et al..Design,fabrication and characterization of high-speed asymmetric Fabry-Perot modulators for optical interconnect applications[J].Opt Quant Electron,1993,25(12):S885-S898.
12 W Qin,J Stephane,A Daniel,et al..Arrays of vertical-cavity electroabsorption modulators for parallel signal processing[J].Opt Express,2005,13(9):3323-3330.
13 W Rabinovich,C Moore,R Mahon,et al..Free-space optical communications research and demonstrations at the USNaval Research Laboratory[J].Appl Opt,2015,54(31):F189-F200.
14 Q Wang,A Z Zhang,S Almqvist,et al..Recent developments in electroabsorption modulators at Acreo Swedish ICT[C].SPIE,2015,9362:93620Z.
15 R Mahon,H R Burris,W S Rabinovich,et al..Free-space optical communication link at 1550nm using multiplequantum-well modulating retroreflectors in a marine environment[C].SPIE,2004,5160:456-465.
16 W Rabinovich,R Mahon,P Goetz,et al..45Mbps cat′s eye modulating retro-reflector link over 7km[C].SPIE,2006,6304:63040Q.
17 W Rabinovich,C Moore,H Burris,etal..Free space optical communications research at the US Naval Research Laboratory[C].SPIE,2010,7587:758702.
18 P G Goetz,W S Rabinovich,R Mahon,et al..Modulating retro-reflector lasercom systems at the Naval Research Laboratory[C].Military Communications Conference,2010,49(1):1601-1606.
19 W Rabinovich,J Murphy,M Ferraro,et al..Free-space optical link to an explosive ordnance disposal(EOD)robot[Z/OL].[2015-11-05]http://www.nrl.navy.mil/content_images/09_Information_Rabinovich.pdf.
20 J L Murphy,M S Ferraro,W S Rabinovich,et al..Control of a small robot using a hybrid optical modulating retroreflector/RF link[C].SPIE,2014,9080:90801F.
21 Q Wang,S Junique,Dgren,et al..Fabry-Perot electroabsorption modulators for high-speed free-space optical communication[J].IEEE Photon Technol Lett,2004,16(6):1471-1473.
22 Jhgren,F Kullander,L Sjqvist,et al..A high-speed modulated retro-reflector communication link with a transmissive modulator in a cat′s eye optics arrangement[C].SPIE,2007,6736:673619.
23 B Noharet,Q Wang,D Platt,et al..Arrays of surface-normal electroabsorption modulators for the generation and signal processing of microwave photonics signals[C].International Topical Meeting on&Microwave Photonics,2011:282-283.
24 D Marpaung,L Zhuang,M Burla,et al..Photonic integration and components development for a Ku-band phased array antenna system[C].International Topical Meeting on&Microwave Photonics,2011:458-461.
25 M Y Abualhoul,P Svenmarker,Q Wang,et al..Free space optical link for biomedical applications[C].2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE,2012:1667-1670.
26 Y Thueux,N Avlonitis,G Erry.DAZZLE project:UAV to ground communication system using a laser and a modulated retro-reflector[C].SPIE,2014,9248:92480P.
27 Chen Hongda,Wu Ronghan,Gao Wenzhi,et al..Multiple quantum well spatial light modulator array[J].Chinese JSemiconductors,1997,18(5):356-361.陈弘达,吴荣汉,高文智,等.多量子阱空间光调制器二维列阵[J].半导体学报,1997,18(5):356-361.
28 Hunang Yuyang.The research of GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well spatial light modulator[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010.黄寓洋.GaAs/AlGaAs多量子阱空间光调制器研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2010.
29 H T Chen,W J Padilla,J M Zide,et al..Active terahertz metamaterial devices[J].Nature,2006,444(7119):597-600.
30 M Liu,H Y Hwang,H Tao,et al..Terahertz-field-induced insulator-to-metal transition in vanadium dioxide metamaterial[J].Nature,2012,487(7407):345-348.
31 K F MacDonald,Z L Sámson,M I Stockman,et al..Ultrafast active plasmonics[J].Nat Photonics,2009,3(1):55-58.
32 M Abb,P Albella,J Aizpurua,et al..All-optical control of a single plasmonic nanoantenna-ITO hybrid[J].Nano Lett,2011,11(6):2457-2463.
33 C Qiu,J Chen,Y Xia,et al..Active dielectric antenna on chip for spatial light modulation[J].Sci Rep,2012,2(11):488.