淮北临涣采煤沉陷水域浮游植物群落结构特征及其影响因子
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摘要
2015年8月—2016年6月期间,对淮北临涣采煤沉陷区小型湖泊临涣湖浮游植物群落结构进行了调查,研究了其群落结构与环境因子的关系,共发现浮游植物7门65属135种。群落组成以蓝藻、绿藻为主,其中蓝藻和绿藻的种类数占群落总组成的64. 93%。主要优势种为啮蚀隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa)、绿色颤藻(Oscillatoria chlorina)和小席藻(Phormidium tenue)。细胞丰度和生物量的平均值分别为107. 32×10~5cells/L和8. 11 mg/L。浮游植物的空间分布呈现西高东低的趋势。Shannon-Wiener(H')、Margalef(d)和Pielou均匀度指数(J)的年均值分别2. 81、2. 96和0. 617。Person相关性分析及RDA分析结果表明,水温、营养盐、透明度、叶绿素a是影响浮游植物群落结构的主要因子。结合已有的研究结果,探讨了不同沉陷时间序列湖泊浮游植物群落演替特征。
The phytoplankton community structure of Linhuan Lake in Huaibei City was conducted from August 2015 to June 2016,phytoplankton community structure and its relationships with environmental factors were analyzed. A total of 135 phytoplankton species belonging to 7 phyla,65 genera were recorded. The phytoplankton community structure dominated by Cyanophyta,Chlorolhyta respectively,in which Cyanophyta and Chlorolhyta accounted for 64. 93% of the total community composition. According to the abundance and occurrence,Cryptomonas erosa,Oscillatoria chlorine and Phormidium tenue were considered as the dominant species. The mean abundance and biomass of phytoplankton were 107. 32 × 10~5 cells/L and 8. 11 mg/L respectively,with the spatial pattern of decreasing from east to west. The Shannon-Wiener index( H'),Margalef index( D),and Pielou index( J) of the phytoplankton community were2. 81,2. 96,and 0. 617,respectively. The results of Pearson correlation analyses and the RDA indicated that water temperature,transparency,nutritive salt and chla were the four main environmental drivers affecting the phytoplankton community structure in Linhuan Lake. Combined with the existing research results,the succession characteristics of phytoplankton communities in lakes with different subsidence time series were discussed.
The phytoplankton community structure of Linhuan Lake in Huaibei City was conducted from August 2015 to June 2016,phytoplankton community structure and its relationships with environmental factors were analyzed. A total of 135 phytoplankton species belonging to 7 phyla,65 genera were recorded. The phytoplankton community structure dominated by Cyanophyta,Chlorolhyta respectively,in which Cyanophyta and Chlorolhyta accounted for 64. 93% of the total community composition. According to the abundance and occurrence,Cryptomonas erosa,Oscillatoria chlorine and Phormidium tenue were considered as the dominant species. The mean abundance and biomass of phytoplankton were 107. 32 × 10~5 cells/L and 8. 11 mg/L respectively,with the spatial pattern of decreasing from east to west. The Shannon-Wiener index( H'),Margalef index( D),and Pielou index( J) of the phytoplankton community were2. 81,2. 96,and 0. 617,respectively. The results of Pearson correlation analyses and the RDA indicated that water temperature,transparency,nutritive salt and chla were the four main environmental drivers affecting the phytoplankton community structure in Linhuan Lake. Combined with the existing research results,the succession characteristics of phytoplankton communities in lakes with different subsidence time series were discussed.
引文
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[27]纪磊,李晓明,邓道贵.淮北煤矿区塌陷湖大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(1):147-156.
[28]PETTY J T,GINGERICH G,Anderson J T,et al. Ecological function of constructed perennial stream channels on reclaimed surface coal mines[J]. Hydrobiologia,2013,720(1):39-53.
[2]POLISHCHUK L V. Contribution analysis of disturbance caused changes in phytoplankton diversity[J]. Ecology,1999,80(2):721-725.
[3]IRIGOIEN X,HARRIS R P,VERHEYE H M,et al. Copepod hatching success in marine ecosystems with high diatom concentrations[J]. Nature,2002,419(6905):387-389.
[4]LI W. Macroecological patterns of phytoplankton in the northwestern North Atlantic Ocean[J]. Nature,2002,419(6903):154-157.
[5]SHINDE S E,PATHAN T S,SONAWANE D L. Study of phytoplanktons biodiversity and correlation coefficient in harsoolsavangi dam,district aurangabad,india[J]. Bioinfo Aquatic Ecosystem,2011,1(1):19-34.
[6]吴芳仪.华阳河湖群和升金湖浮游植物群落结构的研究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2016.
[7]WANG L,WANG C,DENG D,et al. Temporal and spatial variations in phytoplankton:correlations with environmental factors in Shengjin Lake,China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015,22(18):14144-14156.
[8]刘雪花,赵秀侠,周忠泽,等.安徽菜子湖浮游植物群落结构的周年变化(2010年)[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(5):771-779.
[9]徐鑫,易齐涛,王晓萌,等.淮南矿区小型煤矿塌陷湖泊浮游植物群落结构特征[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(4):740-750.
[10]易齐涛,陈求稳,赵德慧,等.淮南采煤塌陷湖泊浮游植物功能群的季节演替及其驱动因子[J].生态学报,2016,36(15):4843-4854.
[11]王振红,桂和荣,罗专溪,等.采煤塌陷塘浮游生物对矿区生态变化的响应[J].中国环境科学,2005,25(1):42-46.
[12]章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1991:334-346.
[13]胡鸿钧,魏印心.中国淡水藻类:系统、分类及生态[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[14]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:701-710.
[15]LEVIN S A. The problem of pattern and scale in ecology[J]. Ecology,1992,73(6):1943-1967.
[16]CHAPARRO G,KANDUS P,O'FARRELL I. Effect of spatial heterogeneity on zooplankton diversity:a multi-scale habitat approximation in a flood plain Lake[J]. River Research and Applications,2015,31(1):85-97.
[17]万阳,周忠泽,汪晨琛,等.迪沟采煤沉陷湖泊浮游植物群落结构特征[J].生物学杂志,2018,35(1):75-81.
[18]MCCLAIN C R,Barry J P. Habitat heterogeneity,disturbance,and productivity work in concert to regulate biodiversity in deep submarine canyons[J]. Ecology,2010,91(4):964-976.
[19]邓道贵,孟小丽,雷娟,等.淮北采煤塌陷区小型湖泊浮游植物群落结构和季节动态[J].生态科学,2010,29(6):499-506.
[20]吴芳仪,王兰,徐梅,等.升金湖浮游植物群落动态及其影响因子研究[J].生物学杂志,2016,33(5):34-39.
[21]NALEWAJKO C,MURPHY T P. Effects of temperature,and availability of nitrogen and phosphorus on the abundance of Anabaena and Microcystis in Lake Biwa,Japan:an experimental approach[J]. Limnology,2001,2(1):45-48.
[22]范廷玉,程方奎,严家平,等.淮北临涣煤矿塌陷水域叶绿素a与相关因子分析[J].环境化学,2015,34(6):1168-1176.
[23]Li J,SHIMIZU K,AKASAKO H,et al. Assessment of the factors contributing to the variations in microcystins biodegradability of the biofilms on a practical biological treatment facility[J]. Bioresource Technology,2015,175(4):463-472.
[24]桂和荣,王和平,方文慧,等.煤矿塌陷区水域环境指示微生物—蓝藻的研究[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(8):848-853.
[25]HILTON J,O'HARE M,BOWES M J,et al. How green is my river? A new paradigm of eutrophication in rivers[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2006,365(1/2/3):66-83.
[26]PAHLOW M,RIEBESELL U,Wolf-Gladrow D A. Impact of cell shape and chain formation on nutrient acquisition by marine diatoms[J]. Limnology and Oceanography,1997,42(8):1660-1672.
[27]纪磊,李晓明,邓道贵.淮北煤矿区塌陷湖大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(1):147-156.
[28]PETTY J T,GINGERICH G,Anderson J T,et al. Ecological function of constructed perennial stream channels on reclaimed surface coal mines[J]. Hydrobiologia,2013,720(1):39-53.