大丽轮枝菌致病及微菌核形成相关基因研究进展
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摘要
大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)致病力强且宿主范围广,能以微菌核的形式在土壤中存活多年,当遇到合适的宿主就萌发,因此极难防控,对农业生产造成巨大危害。目前已经发现多种影响大丽轮枝菌致病力的基因,最为重要的发现为大丽轮枝菌能够形成侵入钉入侵植物,许多效应因子也是由侵入钉颈环处分泌出大丽轮枝菌并最终调控植物的免疫防御。同时,研究也表明黑色素对于形成成熟的微菌核非常关键,并且许多与微菌核形成相关的基因也与大丽轮枝菌致病相关。但目前的研究尚未完全阐明大丽轮枝菌如何导致植物萎蔫坏死以及微菌核形成的分子机理。综述了近年来有关大丽轮枝菌致病及微菌核相关基因的研究进展,以期为大丽轮枝菌致病及微菌核形成机理的进一步研究奠定理论基础。
Verticillium dahliae causes serious damages to agricultural production because of its strong pathogenicity and wide hostarea,as well as it may live many years as microsclerotia in soil,and germinate as long as there is a appropriate host,thus it is particularlydifficult to control it. Currently,the many genes affecting the pathogenicity of V. dahliae have been discovered,and the most critical result isthat penetration pegs are generated to infect plant,and some effectors were secreted to be V. dahliae at the hyphal neck of penetration pegs,which regulates plant immunity. Furthermore,the studies have suggested that melanin was vital for the formation of mature microsclerotia,andsome genes involved in microsclerotia formation also were related to V. dahliae pathogenicity. However,current researches did not completelyelucidate the molecular mechanisms of V. dahliae causing plant wilting and necrosis and microsclerotia formation. This review summarizesresearch advances on V. dahliae genes involved in pathogenicity and microsclerotia formation,aiming at establishing the theoretical basis forfurther research on the mechanisms of V. dahliae pathogenicity and microsclerotia formation.
Verticillium dahliae causes serious damages to agricultural production because of its strong pathogenicity and wide hostarea,as well as it may live many years as microsclerotia in soil,and germinate as long as there is a appropriate host,thus it is particularlydifficult to control it. Currently,the many genes affecting the pathogenicity of V. dahliae have been discovered,and the most critical result isthat penetration pegs are generated to infect plant,and some effectors were secreted to be V. dahliae at the hyphal neck of penetration pegs,which regulates plant immunity. Furthermore,the studies have suggested that melanin was vital for the formation of mature microsclerotia,andsome genes involved in microsclerotia formation also were related to V. dahliae pathogenicity. However,current researches did not completelyelucidate the molecular mechanisms of V. dahliae causing plant wilting and necrosis and microsclerotia formation. This review summarizesresearch advances on V. dahliae genes involved in pathogenicity and microsclerotia formation,aiming at establishing the theoretical basis forfurther research on the mechanisms of V. dahliae pathogenicity and microsclerotia formation.
引文
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