烟草角斑病绿色防控药剂的筛选和评价
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摘要
烟草角斑病绿色防控药剂单一,亟需筛选出高效低毒杀菌剂用于烟草绿色防控实践。采用平板计数法对12种不同性质的杀菌剂进行室内抑菌试验,选出室内抑菌效果好的6种药剂进行田间防效评价。结果表明,室内抑菌效果最好的是实验室自行改良的中草药专利杀菌剂WF、12%中生菌素可湿性粉剂、2.1%丁子香芹酚水剂,抑菌率100%;其次是100亿芽孢/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂和40%噻唑锌悬浮剂,抑菌率分别是82.84%和76.14%;6%春雷霉素可湿性粉剂抑菌率63.47%,其他杀菌剂的抑菌率低于50%,72%硫酸链霉素可溶性粉剂抑菌率仅为44.1%。田间试验效果由高到低分别是100亿芽孢/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂、40%噻唑锌悬浮剂、中草药杀菌剂WF、12%中生菌素可湿性粉剂,4种药剂田间防效为60%～65%,可以推荐应用到烟草角斑病的绿色防控实践中。
In view of single green control bactericide for tobacco angular leaf spot disease, it is urgent to screenout high-efficiency and low-toxicity bactericides for tobacco green control practice. Twelve bactericides withdifferent properties were tested by plate counting method. Six bactericides with good laboratory bacteriostasiseffect were selected for field control evaluation. The results showed that patented bactericide for Chineseherbal medicine WF, 12% zhongshengmycin WP and 2.1% eugenol · carvacrol AS had the best laboratorybacteriostasis effect, the bacteriostasis rate was 100%, followed by 10 billion Bacillus subtilis WP and 40% zinc thiazole SC, with bacteriostasis rate of 82.84% and 76.14%, respectively. The bacteriostasis rate of 6%kasugamycin WP was 63.47%, and that of other bactericides was less than 50%, and that of 72% streptomycinsulfate SPX was only 44.1%. Field trials showed that the effects of 10 billion Bacillus subtilis WP, 40% zincthiazole SC, Chinese herbal bactericide WF, 12% zhongshengmycin WP were from high to low, respectively.The field control effects of the four bactericides ranged from 60% to 65%, which could be recommended forgreen control of tobacco angular leaf spot disease.
In view of single green control bactericide for tobacco angular leaf spot disease, it is urgent to screenout high-efficiency and low-toxicity bactericides for tobacco green control practice. Twelve bactericides withdifferent properties were tested by plate counting method. Six bactericides with good laboratory bacteriostasiseffect were selected for field control evaluation. The results showed that patented bactericide for Chineseherbal medicine WF, 12% zhongshengmycin WP and 2.1% eugenol · carvacrol AS had the best laboratorybacteriostasis effect, the bacteriostasis rate was 100%, followed by 10 billion Bacillus subtilis WP and 40% zinc thiazole SC, with bacteriostasis rate of 82.84% and 76.14%, respectively. The bacteriostasis rate of 6%kasugamycin WP was 63.47%, and that of other bactericides was less than 50%, and that of 72% streptomycinsulfate SPX was only 44.1%. Field trials showed that the effects of 10 billion Bacillus subtilis WP, 40% zincthiazole SC, Chinese herbal bactericide WF, 12% zhongshengmycin WP were from high to low, respectively.The field control effects of the four bactericides ranged from 60% to 65%, which could be recommended forgreen control of tobacco angular leaf spot disease.
引文
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[26]王爽,孔祥义,刘勇,等.不同药剂对海南省甜瓜细菌性果斑病病原菌的室内药效测定[J].植物检疫,2016,30(1):56-59.
[27]王文桥,马平,张小风,等.生物源杀菌剂与化学药剂协调防控番茄病害[J].植物保护学报,2011,38(1):75-79.
[28]王文桥,马平,韩秀英,等.生物源杀菌剂与化学杀菌剂协调防控黄瓜病害[J].中国生物防治学报,2011,27(1):104-109.
[29]陈志谊,任海英,刘永锋,等.戊唑醇和枯草芽孢杆菌协同作用防治蚕豆枯萎病及增效机理初探[J],农药学学报,2002,4(4):40-44.
[30]汤东生,王斌,毛忠顺,等.石榴园常用除草剂和杀菌剂对石榴枯萎病菌和枯草芽孢杆菌生长的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(5):154-156.
[2]《中国烟草年鉴》编辑部.中国烟草年鉴[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2017:22.
[3]张文友,尹福强,刘铭,等.凉山烤烟主要细菌性病害发生特点及防治技术[J].现代农业科技,2012(19):111-112.
[4]姜洪甲,梅大芳,徐博,等.丹东烟草角斑病发生规律及综合防治[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(34):141-146.
[5]台莲梅,靳学慧,张亚玲,等.黑龙江烟草病害种类鉴定及发生情况[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(10):124-126.
[6]孙剑萍,文景芝,孙宏伟,等.黑龙江省烟草角斑病菌菌系分化研究[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(3):46-49.
[7]姜新,白建保,王左斌,等.烟草角斑病研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(7):2014-2015.
[8]李发新,胡玉梅,张艳玲.济源市王屋烟区烟草角斑病发生原因及防控对策[J].中国植保导刊,2008,8(9):31-32.
[9]乔建伟.烟草细菌性角斑病防治药剂筛选试验初报[J].农业科技通讯,2011(6):76-78.
[10]万维肖,丁伟,帅红,等.烟草叶部病害种类及综合治理技术[J].植物医生,2014,27(4):38-39.
[11]杨君,王崇波.烟草细菌性病害防治技术.安徽农学通报[J].2018,24(16):80-81.
[12]李梅云祝明亮杨春梅,等.烟草两种病害抗药性形成和发展的影响因素[J].云南农业大学学报,2010,25(6):791-793.
[13]乔婵,陈星,张艳菊,等.PF7-5对烟草角斑病的室内及大田防治效果[J].中国林副特产,2010,108(5):18-20.
[14]伍优,何楷,黄纯杨,芶剑渝,等.喷施枯草芽孢杆菌对生态烟主要病害防治的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(8):83-84.
[15]杨丽娜,隋原,陈长卿,等.烟草野火病菌对春雷霉素的敏感性测定及敏感基线建立[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(5):79-80,86.
[16]端永明,龙春瑞,陈树林,等.绿色木霉菌和抗生素溶杆菌对苗期及大田烟草影响的研究[J].昆明学院学报,2012,34(6):25-28.
[17]程璐.烟草角斑病菌全基因组序列分析及其生防制剂的应用[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2018:54-63.
[18]吴静.黄花篱的抑菌活性及有效成分的初步分离研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2008:8-9.
[19]方中达.植物病害研究法第三版[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:182-189,191-120.
[20]Shoda M.Bacterial control of plant diseases[J].J Biosci Bioeng,2000,89(6):515-521.
[21]黄海婵,裘娟萍.枯草芽孢杆菌防治植物病害的研究进展[J].浙江农业科学,2005(3):213-215.
[22]马佳,李颖,胡栋,等.芽胞杆菌生物防治作用机理与应用研究进展[J].中国生物防治学报,2018,34(4):639-648.
[23]朱烨琳,梁晓宇,徐曙,等.噻唑锌对水稻黄单胞杆菌生物学活性初步研究[J].农药学学报,2014,16(2):125-131.
[24]陈金雄.噻唑锌防治杧果细菌性角斑病田间药效试验[J],中国南方果树,2018,47(2):69-70.
[25]张瑾.植物源杀菌剂的复配及其微乳液的制备[D].天津:天津大学化工学院,2013:5-6.
[26]王爽,孔祥义,刘勇,等.不同药剂对海南省甜瓜细菌性果斑病病原菌的室内药效测定[J].植物检疫,2016,30(1):56-59.
[27]王文桥,马平,张小风,等.生物源杀菌剂与化学药剂协调防控番茄病害[J].植物保护学报,2011,38(1):75-79.
[28]王文桥,马平,韩秀英,等.生物源杀菌剂与化学杀菌剂协调防控黄瓜病害[J].中国生物防治学报,2011,27(1):104-109.
[29]陈志谊,任海英,刘永锋,等.戊唑醇和枯草芽孢杆菌协同作用防治蚕豆枯萎病及增效机理初探[J],农药学学报,2002,4(4):40-44.
[30]汤东生,王斌,毛忠顺,等.石榴园常用除草剂和杀菌剂对石榴枯萎病菌和枯草芽孢杆菌生长的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(5):154-156.