大学生创新创业政策的变迁和支持研究——基于59篇大学生创新创业政策文本的分析
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摘要
大学生创新创业是扩大就业渠道、推动经济增长的重要内驱力,国家陆续出台了多项政策,以支持和推动大学生创新创业工作。文章首先运用文本内容分析法,构建了包含政策工具维度和发展阶段维度的大学生创新创业政策二维分析理论框架。随后,文章以1998～2018年国务院、各部委发布的大学生创新创业政策文本为研究对象,经搜索、筛选,整理出59篇大学生创新创业政策文本,并从政策工具维度和发展阶段维度,分析了大学生创新创业政策的变迁情况,归纳出1998～2018年大学生创新创业政策变迁的特征和不足。最后,文章提出了完善大学生创新创业政策支持的建议,以期推动大学生创新创业事业的可持续发展。
College students' innovation and entrepreneurship is an important driving force for expanding employment channels and promoting economic growth. The state has successively issued a number of policies to support and promote college students' innovation and entrepreneurship works. Firstly, the paper used the text content analysis method to construct a theoretical framework of two-dimensional analysis of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy, including the dimensions of policy tools and development stage. Subsequently, the texts of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy issued by the State Council and various ministries and commissions from 1998 to 2018 were taken as research objects, and 59 policy texts were sorted out after searching and screening. Furthermore, the changes of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy were analyzed from the dimensions of policy tools and development stages. In addition, the characteristics and deficiencies of the changes of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy from 1998 to 2018 were summarized. Finally, some suggestions for perfecting the support of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy were proposed to promote the sustainable development of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship.
College students' innovation and entrepreneurship is an important driving force for expanding employment channels and promoting economic growth. The state has successively issued a number of policies to support and promote college students' innovation and entrepreneurship works. Firstly, the paper used the text content analysis method to construct a theoretical framework of two-dimensional analysis of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy, including the dimensions of policy tools and development stage. Subsequently, the texts of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy issued by the State Council and various ministries and commissions from 1998 to 2018 were taken as research objects, and 59 policy texts were sorted out after searching and screening. Furthermore, the changes of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy were analyzed from the dimensions of policy tools and development stages. In addition, the characteristics and deficiencies of the changes of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy from 1998 to 2018 were summarized. Finally, some suggestions for perfecting the support of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship policy were proposed to promote the sustainable development of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship.
引文
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[9]翁铁慧.高校应成为学生创新创业的孵化器[J].中国大学生就业,2002,(5):41-44.
[2]习近平.决胜全面建成小康社会夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利[M].北京:人民出版社,2017:31.
[3]陈家全.我国大学生创新创业发展影响因素分析[J].技术经济与管理研究,2018,(8):33-37.
[4]Mckean R N. Enforcement costs in environmental and safety regulation[J]. Policy Analysis, 1980,(3):269-289.
[5]郭莉,王菡,王栩楠.探索“大学生创新创业训练计划”的管理模式[J].现代教育技术,2012,(6):118-121.
[6]胡金焱.创新创业教育:理念、制度与平台[J].中国高教研究,2018,(7):7-11.
[7]邱灵,韩祺,姜江.我国创新创业发展形势及建议[J].宏观经济管理,2018,(5):17-23.
[8]周志成,晏宁,王鹤.大学生创业教育及其对创业意向的影响研究[J].思想教育研究,2016,(9):120-123.
[9]翁铁慧.高校应成为学生创新创业的孵化器[J].中国大学生就业,2002,(5):41-44.