宁夏石嘴山采煤塌陷区地质环境治理模式研究
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摘要
构建采煤塌陷区地质环境治理模式是矿山地质环境研究的热点问题。通过资料收集、野外调查、对比研究等工作,力图总结干旱缺水少土的宁夏石嘴山惠农采煤塌陷区地质环境综合治理模式,丰富矿山地质环境治理理论,为类似矿山地质环境治理提供借鉴。通过采煤塌陷区挖高垫低、研石清运等地貌重构,沙土、研石、有机质参混等土壤改良,修建滴水灌溉网植树绿化修复生态等。其矿区地质环境治理是在干旱-半干旱地区缺土少水情况下实施的,是集先破坏后治理的补课式的集中根治、地质灾害治理、生态修复及矿业遗迹再利用的多元化治理经费投入的综合治理模式,其成功的采煤塌陷区治理为我国类似矿山地质环境治理提供了成功经验。
Shizuishan Coal Mine area is located in the east of Helan Mountain,north west Ningxia,which is a part of rainless desert.Under the guide of the governance innovation,many measures were put into effort to recovery the environment,such as landscape reconstruction,soil renovation,drip Irrigation tube built,tree planting and mining heritage protection and utilization.All the area was built and divided into three function concentrated partitions:national mine park,agricultural and pastoral area and industrial warehouse area.A new diversified governance mode was found,that is government finance leading and social finance involving.Successful implementation of 1830 ha grassland in poor vegetation area has promoted the transformation of the Shizuishan resource-exhausted city to" new industrial landscape garden city.It is the comprehensive treatment model of environmental reconstruct in state-owned mine area,is also a successful case in semi-arid regions mine area
Shizuishan Coal Mine area is located in the east of Helan Mountain,north west Ningxia,which is a part of rainless desert.Under the guide of the governance innovation,many measures were put into effort to recovery the environment,such as landscape reconstruction,soil renovation,drip Irrigation tube built,tree planting and mining heritage protection and utilization.All the area was built and divided into three function concentrated partitions:national mine park,agricultural and pastoral area and industrial warehouse area.A new diversified governance mode was found,that is government finance leading and social finance involving.Successful implementation of 1830 ha grassland in poor vegetation area has promoted the transformation of the Shizuishan resource-exhausted city to" new industrial landscape garden city.It is the comprehensive treatment model of environmental reconstruct in state-owned mine area,is also a successful case in semi-arid regions mine area
引文
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侯晋领,崔淑贤.山东蒋庄煤矿矿山地质环境治理工作模式及成效[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2012,23(1):107-109.HOU Jinling,CUI Shuxian.On the Shandong province Jiangzhuang mine geological environment governance mode of operation and effectiveness[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2012,23(1):107-109.
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乔冈,徐友宁,何芳,等.采煤塌陷区矿山地质环境治理模式[J].中国矿业,2012,21(11):55-58.QIAO Gang,XU Youning,HE Fang,et al.Treatment mode of mining deology environment in the coal mine collapse area[J].China Mining Magazine,2012,21(11):55-58.
徐友宁,张黎,乔冈,等.昨天今天明天-宁夏石嘴山采煤塌陷区地质环境的嬗变[M].北京:地质出版社,2013,137.XU Youning,ZHANG Li,QIAO Gang,et al.Yesterday,Today and Tomorrow-Evolution on Geological Environment in the Coal Mining Collapse Area,Shizuishan,Ningxia[M].BeiJing:Geological Publishing House,2013,137.
徐友宁,李玉武,张江华.矿产资源勘探开发闭坑一体化地质环境防治研究[J].矿床地质,2012,31(增刊):963-964.XU Youning,LI Yuwu,ZHANG Jianghua.Research on the integration Geo-environment prevention and cure of mineral resources exploration,development and closed pit[J].Mineral Deposits,2012,31(Suppl.):963-964.
王剑民.内蒙古矿山地质环境问题及防治对策[J].西北地质,2003,36(3):97-101.WANG Jianmin.The geologic environment problems in Inner Mongolia and the countermeasure of prevention and curing[J].Northestern Geology,2003,36(3):97-101.
何芳,乔冈,刘瑞平,等.矿山土地复垦模式探讨[J].西北地质,2013,46(2):201-209.HE Fang,QIAO Gang,LIU Ruiping,et al.Discussion for Mining Land Reclamation Mode[J].Northestern Geology,2013,46(2):201-209.
徐友宁,徐东寅,张江华,等.矿山地质环境问题类型及分布差异性研究---以陕西潼关、大柳塔及辽宁阜新矿区为例[J].地球科学与环境学报,2011,33(1):89-94.XU Youning,XU Dongyin,ZHANG Jianghua,et al.Study on the Difference of Mine Geo-environmental Problem Response to Mineral Resource Exploitation:a Case Study About the Mining Areas in Tongguan and Daliuta of Shaanxi and Fuxin of Liaoning[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2011,33(1):89-94.
徐友宁.关于解决煤矿塌陷区社会矛盾的对策建议[J].中国矿业,2006,15(8):14-16.XU Youning.Countermeasures for Solving Social Problems on the Subside Area in Coal Mine[J].China Mining Magazine,2006,15(8):14-16.
徐友宁,吴贤,陈华清.大柳塔煤矿地面塌陷区的生态地质环境效应分析[J].中国矿业,2008,17(3):38-40.XU Youning,WU Xian,CHEN Huaqing.Effect analysis on ecological geo-environment in the bound of Daliuta coal mining subsidence area[J].China Mining Magazine,2008,17(3):38-40.
徐友宁,陈社斌,陈华清,等.陕西大柳塔煤矿区土地沙漠化时空演变研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,34(4):97-102.XU Youning,CHEN Shebin,CHEN Huaqing,et al.Spatial and temporal evolution of sandy desertification in the Daliuta coal mining area,Shaanxi[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2007,34(4):97-102.
周小春,施葵初,李玉荣,等.淮北煤矿榻陷区湿地的形成与生态特性[J].安徽林业,1999,3.ZHOU Xiaochun,SHI Kuichu,LI Yurong,et al.Wetland bed formation and ecological characteristics of coal mine subsidence area in Huaibei[J].Anhui forestry,1999,3.
武强,陈奇.矿山环境治理模式及其适用性分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2010,37(6):91-96.WU Qiang,CHEN Qi.An analysis of the mine environmental treatment model and its applicability[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2010,37(6):91-96.
陈芳孝.北京市矿山生态治理主要技术与典型模式[J].中国水土保持,2007,(7):25-26.
侯晋领,崔淑贤.山东蒋庄煤矿矿山地质环境治理工作模式及成效[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2012,23(1):107-109.HOU Jinling,CUI Shuxian.On the Shandong province Jiangzhuang mine geological environment governance mode of operation and effectiveness[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2012,23(1):107-109.
刘承国.矿山环境恢复治理的“三家抬”模式[J].中国矿业,2007,16(9):45-47.LIU Chengguo."Three-parties loading"mods on mine management of environmental recovery[J].China Mining Magazine,2007,16(9):45-47.
乔冈,徐友宁,何芳,等.采煤塌陷区矿山地质环境治理模式[J].中国矿业,2012,21(11):55-58.QIAO Gang,XU Youning,HE Fang,et al.Treatment mode of mining deology environment in the coal mine collapse area[J].China Mining Magazine,2012,21(11):55-58.
徐友宁,张黎,乔冈,等.昨天今天明天-宁夏石嘴山采煤塌陷区地质环境的嬗变[M].北京:地质出版社,2013,137.XU Youning,ZHANG Li,QIAO Gang,et al.Yesterday,Today and Tomorrow-Evolution on Geological Environment in the Coal Mining Collapse Area,Shizuishan,Ningxia[M].BeiJing:Geological Publishing House,2013,137.
徐友宁,李玉武,张江华.矿产资源勘探开发闭坑一体化地质环境防治研究[J].矿床地质,2012,31(增刊):963-964.XU Youning,LI Yuwu,ZHANG Jianghua.Research on the integration Geo-environment prevention and cure of mineral resources exploration,development and closed pit[J].Mineral Deposits,2012,31(Suppl.):963-964.