窟野河矿区河段表层沉积物重金属污染特征及风险评价
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摘要
对窟野河上游煤矿区和中下游非煤矿区的河流表层沉积物重金属As、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Co和Mn含量污染特征进行了分析比较,并采用地积累指数法和潜在生态危害指数法评价其污染程度。结果表明:重金属含量均高于陕北地区土壤背景值,煤矿区和非煤矿区重金属含量有一定的差异性,其中Cr-Cu、Cr-Cd、Mn-Cu-Zn、Co-Pb、As-Cd和As-Pb元素间有一定的同源性。煤矿区和非煤矿区均受到不同程度的重金属污染,全水域处在强的潜在生态危害级别,Cd的影响占主导地位,后期应重点监控治理。
Characteristics of heavy metals( As,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr,Co,and Mn) contamination in surface sediment of Kuye River around coal mining area and non-coal mine area in Shaanxi Province,China were analyzed by using index of geo-accumulation and potential ecological risk index. Results indicate that all the contents of heavy metals in Kuye River are higher than soil background values of Northern Shaanxi Province. Contents of heavy metals in coal mining area and non-coal mine area have a certain difference. Relations of Cr-Cu,Cr-Cd,Mn-Cu-Zn,Co-Pb,As-Cd,and As-Pb show partial homology. Coal mining area and non-coal mine area suffer heavy metals contamination to a different extent and get a high level of potential ecological harm. Cd takes a great effect,and it should be monitored and governed in the future.
Characteristics of heavy metals( As,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr,Co,and Mn) contamination in surface sediment of Kuye River around coal mining area and non-coal mine area in Shaanxi Province,China were analyzed by using index of geo-accumulation and potential ecological risk index. Results indicate that all the contents of heavy metals in Kuye River are higher than soil background values of Northern Shaanxi Province. Contents of heavy metals in coal mining area and non-coal mine area have a certain difference. Relations of Cr-Cu,Cr-Cd,Mn-Cu-Zn,Co-Pb,As-Cd,and As-Pb show partial homology. Coal mining area and non-coal mine area suffer heavy metals contamination to a different extent and get a high level of potential ecological harm. Cd takes a great effect,and it should be monitored and governed in the future.
引文
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[14]孙清斌,尹春芹,邓金锋,等.大冶矿区土壤-蔬菜重金属污染特征及健康风险评价[J].环境化学,2013,32(4):671-677.
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[2]弓晓峰,陈春丽,周文斌,等.鄱阳湖底泥中重金属污染现状评价[J].环境科学,2006,27(4):732-736.
[3]周建民,党志,蔡美芳,等.大宝山矿区污染水体中重金属的形态分布及迁移转化[J].环境科学研究,2005,18(3):5-10.
[4]彭德海,吴攀,曹振兴,等.赫章土法炼锌区水-沉积物重金属污染的时空变化特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(5):979-985.
[5]刘瑞平,徐友宁,李贤,等.金矿区河水和底泥中重金属含量分布与耦合关系[J].地质通报,2014,33(8):1220-1230.
[6]范念念,薛晓妮.窟野河泥沙输移与冲淤特征分析[J].泥沙研究,2010,(2):75-80.
[7]徐友宁,李智佩,陈华清,等.生态环境脆弱区煤炭资源开发诱发的环境地质问题-以陕西省神木县大柳塔煤矿区为例[J].地质通报,2008,27(8):1344-1350.
[8]石占飞,王力.神木矿区土壤重金属含量特征及潜在风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(6):1150-1158.
[9]于秀娟,霍守亮,昝逢宇,等.巢湖表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征及其污染评价[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(2):439-449.
[10]陈静生,周家毅.中国水环境重金属研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1992:1-387.
[11]何东进,谭勇,廖小娟,等.闽东滨海湿地重金属生态风险评价方法选择与比较研究[J].福建林学院学报,2014,34(2):97-103.
[12]潘爱芳,赫英,马润勇.陕西省区域环境地球化学分区[J].地球科学进展,2004,19:439-443.
[13]徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115.
[14]孙清斌,尹春芹,邓金锋,等.大冶矿区土壤-蔬菜重金属污染特征及健康风险评价[J].环境化学,2013,32(4):671-677.
[15]崔斌,朱美霖,姜阳,等.尾矿重金属的释放迁移及其生物有效性研究概述[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(7):12-19.