3维曲面振镜激光加工FPLSCM算法实践
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摘要
为了高质量地将目标图像标刻在任意曲面上,需要将计算机中排版的2维数据转换为3维数据从而形成具体振镜加工轨迹数据。在大量激光标刻实验测量与计算的基础上,采用一种对任意自由曲面进行最小化失真展开的区域重点最小二乘共形展开(FPLSCM)算法,完成了实用的3维振镜激光加工系统软件设计,并进行了理论分析和实验验证,取得了大量标刻测量数据。结果表明,在z轴上下300mm范围内,本算法能有效将由于高度与待加工表面形状差异带来的标刻畸变控制在1%左右,并且在各类3维曲面上都得到了很好的加工效果。此研究成功实现了在自由3维曲面上利用动态聚焦技术完成各种表面加工的工作,并通过优化算法有效减少了畸变。
In order to mark the target image on an arbitrary curved surface with high quality, it is necessary to convert the typesetted 2-D data into 3-D data so that the processing trajectory data of the specific galvanometer can be formed. On the basis of a large number of experimental measurements and calculations of laser scaling, the field-prioria least square conformal map(FPLSCM) algorithm was proposed to minimize distortion of arbitrary free-form surfaces. The practical software design of laser processing system based on a 3-D galvanometer was completed. The theoretical analysis and experimental verification were carried out. A large number of calibration measurement data were obtained. The results show that, in the range of 300 mm above and below the z axis, this algorithm can effectively control the calibration distortion caused by the difference between the height and the shape of the surface to be machined at about 1%. And good processing results have been obtained on all kinds of 3-D curved surfaces. This research successfully accomplishes various surface processing tasks on free 3-D curved surface by using dynamic focusing technology. The distortion is effectively reduced by optimization algorithm.
In order to mark the target image on an arbitrary curved surface with high quality, it is necessary to convert the typesetted 2-D data into 3-D data so that the processing trajectory data of the specific galvanometer can be formed. On the basis of a large number of experimental measurements and calculations of laser scaling, the field-prioria least square conformal map(FPLSCM) algorithm was proposed to minimize distortion of arbitrary free-form surfaces. The practical software design of laser processing system based on a 3-D galvanometer was completed. The theoretical analysis and experimental verification were carried out. A large number of calibration measurement data were obtained. The results show that, in the range of 300 mm above and below the z axis, this algorithm can effectively control the calibration distortion caused by the difference between the height and the shape of the surface to be machined at about 1%. And good processing results have been obtained on all kinds of 3-D curved surfaces. This research successfully accomplishes various surface processing tasks on free 3-D curved surface by using dynamic focusing technology. The distortion is effectively reduced by optimization algorithm.
引文
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[14] LIN J H.Research on 3-D reconstruction algorithm based on spacial voxel fusion[D].Changchun:Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017:18-24(in Chinese).
[15] SUN J H.Research on key technologies of point cloud segmentation and fusion[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2013:70-74(in Chinese).
[16] ZHONG X P.Objective determination of the relationship between points and closed curves[J].Journal of Applied Meteorelogical Science,2003,14(1):126-128(in Chinese).
[17] DONG H W.A review of mesh segmentation[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2010,15(2):182-193(in Chinese).
[18] LIN Sh X,HUANG D X ,ZHONG H Q,et al.Study on laser marking system design for 3-D dynamic focusing technique[J].Journal of Dongguan University of Technology,2011,18(3):66-69(in Chinese).
[19] LU A J,ZHOU Y Q,ZHANG W J.Texture mapping techniques of 3-D laser marking[J].Journal of Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology,2013,11(1):25-28(in Chinese).
[20] MEI P.Research on efficient laser marking system of curved surface based on dynamic focusing technology[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2016:5-40(in Chinese).
[21] SANG Y L,LIU X D,LIU L,et al.Study on 3-D carving ray for laser ablation of solid material[J].Laser Technology,2011,35(6):735-737(in Chinese).
[2] SU R W.Design and implementation of 3-D laser flexible marking system [D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2014:8-46(in Chinese).
[3] CHEN L H,ZHAO Sh Y,ZHOU Y Q.Key technologies of laser machining of 5-axes CNC system for three-dimensional freeform surface[J].Laser & Optoelectronics Progress,2015,52(7):071406(in Chinese).
[4] QIAN K,ZHANG J L,LI Y H,et al.Conformal parameterization for high genus surfaces[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics,2017,29(12):2225-2234(in Chinese).
[5] SONG T Q .The study of free-form surface optimization parameterizations[D].Ji’nan:Shandong University,2017:15-28(in Chinese).
[6] GLASBEY C A,MARDIA K V.A review of image-warping methods[J].Journal of Applied Statistics,2010,25(2):155-1717.
[7] YAN T,QI M B,JIANG J G.Constrained texture mapping method based on as-rigid-as-possible parameterization algorithm[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,2017,40(6):758-762(in Chinese).
[8] LéVY B,PETITJEAN S,RAY N.Least squares conformal maps for automatic texture atlas generation[J].ACM Siggraph Conference Proceedings,2002,21(3):362-371.
[9] LIU W.Research of 3D-solid modeling system on OpenGL[D].Jinzhou:Liaoning Technical University,2005:23-36(in Chinese).
[10] GU M H.Research on related technologies of reconstruction and process of surface triangle mesh[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015:75-90(in Chinese).
[11] LI Y,ZHOU S Zh,DENG J S.Face sorting and stripe texture mapping of triangle mesh based on spectral decomposition[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology of China,2017,47(9):722-748(in Chinese).
[12] WANG Z B.Fast topological reconstruction algorithm for a STL file[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2014,34(9):2720-2724(in Chinese).
[13] PENG F Y,HE Y,LI B.Look-ahead control in high feed rate NURBS curve interpolation[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics,2006,18(5):626-629(in Chinese).
[14] LIN J H.Research on 3-D reconstruction algorithm based on spacial voxel fusion[D].Changchun:Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017:18-24(in Chinese).
[15] SUN J H.Research on key technologies of point cloud segmentation and fusion[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2013:70-74(in Chinese).
[16] ZHONG X P.Objective determination of the relationship between points and closed curves[J].Journal of Applied Meteorelogical Science,2003,14(1):126-128(in Chinese).
[17] DONG H W.A review of mesh segmentation[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2010,15(2):182-193(in Chinese).
[18] LIN Sh X,HUANG D X ,ZHONG H Q,et al.Study on laser marking system design for 3-D dynamic focusing technique[J].Journal of Dongguan University of Technology,2011,18(3):66-69(in Chinese).
[19] LU A J,ZHOU Y Q,ZHANG W J.Texture mapping techniques of 3-D laser marking[J].Journal of Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology,2013,11(1):25-28(in Chinese).
[20] MEI P.Research on efficient laser marking system of curved surface based on dynamic focusing technology[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2016:5-40(in Chinese).
[21] SANG Y L,LIU X D,LIU L,et al.Study on 3-D carving ray for laser ablation of solid material[J].Laser Technology,2011,35(6):735-737(in Chinese).