基于单波束的施工期航道回淤简化监测方法及应用
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摘要
航道工程建设后,泥沙和地形通过一定时间到达平衡,故航道区域发生回淤现象。考虑航道施工期回淤特征的多变性和复杂性,利用单波束测深技术测量的便捷快速,且单点垂向精度高的优点,设计了航道施工期回淤监测快速简便实施方案。方案中使用了固定断面法进行了监测网的布置;采用距离倒数加权平均法提高狭长航道验潮精度和速度;使用断面单元分算汇总的办法计算疏浚施工期航道回淤量。通过对实例项目的操作,基本满足快速准确回淤监测要求,为长期回淤研究提供宝贵的施工期资料。
As sediment and terrain reach equilibrium over time after the engineering construction,siltation phenomenon occurs in the channel area.By applying the advantages of single beam bathymetry,which are fast and convenient measurement and high vertical accuracy of single point,and considering the variability and complexity of the channel siltation during the construction period as well,aquick and simple scheme for siltation monitoring during the construction period is designed.In this scheme,the fixed section method and the distance reciprocal weighted average method are used respectively to arrange the monitoring network and to improve the accuracy and speed of tide observation.The channel siltation volume during the dredging period is calculated by the method of calculating the section units first and then summarizing.The actual operation of an instance project indicates that this scheme can basically meet the requirements of fast and accurate siltation monitoring,which provides valuable information on the construction period for the research of long-term channel siltation.
As sediment and terrain reach equilibrium over time after the engineering construction,siltation phenomenon occurs in the channel area.By applying the advantages of single beam bathymetry,which are fast and convenient measurement and high vertical accuracy of single point,and considering the variability and complexity of the channel siltation during the construction period as well,aquick and simple scheme for siltation monitoring during the construction period is designed.In this scheme,the fixed section method and the distance reciprocal weighted average method are used respectively to arrange the monitoring network and to improve the accuracy and speed of tide observation.The channel siltation volume during the dredging period is calculated by the method of calculating the section units first and then summarizing.The actual operation of an instance project indicates that this scheme can basically meet the requirements of fast and accurate siltation monitoring,which provides valuable information on the construction period for the research of long-term channel siltation.
引文
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[2]CAO C L,ZHANG Y Q,XIONG C B,et al.Research on the influence of breakwater construction to seabed sediment scouring and silting environment[J].Coastal Engineering,2016,35(3):12-22.曹成林,张永强,熊丛博,等.防波堤建设对海底泥沙冲淤环境影响研究[J].海岸工程,2016,35(3):12-22.
[3]YIN Y,ZHANG N.Sedimentary environments of Xiyang tidal channel of radial tidal sand ridge system since the late period of Late Pleistocene in South Yellow Sea[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2010,12(5):618-628.殷勇,张宁.南黄海辐射沙脊群西洋潮道晚更新世晚期以来沉积环境[J].古地理学报,2010,12(5):618-628.
[4]ZHANG W,LIU R,QIAN W,et al.Influence of large-scale coastal engineering on hydrodynamics and sediment transport[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2014,35(1):1-7.张玮,刘燃,钱伟,等.大型海岸工程对水流和泥沙运动的影响研究[J].水道港口,2014,35(1):1-7.
[5]XIE M X,ZHANG W.Numerical modeling of silting features in approach channel under the influence of entrance breakwaters in Lianyungang Harbour[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2008(5):15-21.解鸣晓,张玮.连云港口门防波堤建设对航道回淤影响数值研究[J].泥沙研究,2008(5):15-21.
[6]CUI F S,GU L,LI W D.Sediment problems related to expansion project of Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2013,34(4):323-326.崔方水,顾磊,李文丹.田湾核电站扩建工程泥沙问题研究[J].水道港口,2013,34(4):323-326.
[7]ZHANG C Y.Comprehensive application of single beam and multi-beam sounder in surveying and mapping[J].Construction Engineering Technology and Design,2016(9):10-14.张程瑜.单波束与多波束测深仪在测绘工作中的综合使用[J].建筑工程技术与设计,2016(9):10-14.
[8]LONG Z X.Research on the Application of single beam multi-beam bathymetric system in ocean channel survey[J].Shuzihua Yonghu,2017(29):147-149.龙仲兴.单波束多波束测深系统在海洋航道测量中的应用研究[J].数字化用户,2017(29):147-149.
[9]ZAI Z Q.Study of siltation during construction period in Dagu waterway of Tianjin Port[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2013,34(2):128-132.翟征秋.天津港大沽沙航道施工期回淤研究[J].水道港口,2013,34(2):128-132.
[10]PANG Q X,SUN L C.Survey and study on characteristic of sediment in the constructing channel of muddy coast[J].Port&WaterwayEngineering,2009(12):159-164.庞启秀,孙连成.淤泥质海岸航道建设期泥沙回淤特征监测研究[J].水运工程,2009(12):159-164.
[11]SUN L C.Sediment research in construction of Tianjin Harbor and its evolvement[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2006,27(6):341-347.孙连成.天津港工程泥沙研究及其进展[J].水道港口,2006,27(6):341-347.
[12]WEI R Z.Research on back-silting observation of trial excavation of Hangzhou Bay deep channel[J].Port&Waterway Engineering,2002(10):94-110.魏日征.杭州湾深水航道试挖回淤观测研究[J].水运工程,2002(10):94-110.
[13]ZHENG W.Back silting monitoring and analysis of deep foundation trench in the Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge immersed tunnel project[J].China Harbour Engineering,2015,35(11):25-28.郑伟.港珠澳大桥沉管隧道深基槽回淤监测与分析[J].中国港湾建设,2015,35(11):25-28.
[14]LIANG R J,HAN X J,LIU Z D,et al.Research and application on navigable depth of Zhuhai Power Plant[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2014,35(4):343-346.梁荣江,韩西军,刘志东,等.珠海电厂港区适航水深研究与应用[J].水道港口,2014,35(4):343-346.
[15]PANG Q X,YANG S S,YANG H,et al.Research and application of the technique of nautical depth in muddy harbors[J].Hydro-Science and Engineering,2010,9(3):33-38.庞启秀,杨树森,杨华,等.淤泥质港口适航水深技术研究与应用[J].水利水运工程学报,2010,9(3):33-38.
[16]ZHOU L Y,CONG H W.A method of tidal calibration for regional single beam bathymetry in Shallow Sea[J].Marine Geology Letters,2005,21(3):36-39.周良勇,丛鸿文.滨浅海单波束测深潮汐改正的方法[J].海洋地质动态,2005,21(3):36-39.
[17]LIU J J,ZHANG J C.Siltation prediction for navigation channels and harbour basins on muddy beach[J].Hydro-Science and Water Transportation,1993(4):301-320.刘家驹,张镜潮.淤泥质海岸航道、港池淤积计算方法及其推广应用——兼论连云港建西大堤后的泥沙问题[J].水利水运工程学报,1993(4):301-320.
[18]Ministry or Transport of the People's Republic of China.Hydrologic code for seaports:JTS 145-2-2013[S].Beijing:China Communication Press,2013:1-206.中华人民共和国交运运输部.海港文规范:JTS 145-2-2013[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2013:1-206.