20%双草醚悬浮剂防除水稻直播田杂草的药效
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摘要
为有效控制水稻直播田草害,研究20%双草醚悬浮剂的防除效果、适宜用量和应用安全性.本研究中防除对象为水稻直播田稗草、马唐、莎草、鸭跖草等1年生杂草,以10%双草醚悬浮剂为对照药剂,以清水为空白对照,试验测定4种浓度(有效成分22.5,30.0,37.5,60.0g/hm~2)的20%双草醚悬浮剂的防效,同时跟踪其使用安全性及水稻产量变化.试验结果发现,20%双草醚悬浮剂对目标杂草具有良好的防除效果,优于对照药剂10%双草醚悬浮剂;20%双草醚悬浮剂有效成分60g/hm~2处理的防效显著高于其他3个低浓度处理.对杂草总数量的防效在药后1个月内保持在72%以上,药后45d降至44.91%～62.74%,但对杂草总质量的防效仍达72.33%～89.29%.20%双草醚悬浮剂在水稻直播田具备使用安全性,水稻增产率(与人工除草相比)为-2.70%～-10.81%,所以为水稻直播田理想除草剂,推荐使用剂量为有效成分22.5～37.5g/hm~2.
In order to effectively controlweed damagein direct-seeded rice fields,we studied the efficacy,appropriate dosage and application safety of bispyribac-sodium 20% SC.The control targets in this study were annual weeds such as Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv.,Digitaria sanguinalis(L.)Scop.,Cyperus rotundus L.and Commelina communis L.in direct-seeded rice fields.The control effect of four concentrations of bispyribac-sodium 20% SC was tested with 10% SC as control,andits use safety and the rice yield increase were also tracked.The results showedthat bispyribac-sodium 20% SC was notably effective,which was superior to bispyribac-sodium 10% SC.The treatment effect of active ingredient 60 g/hawas significantly higher than that of the other three lower-concentration treatments.Efficacy on the total amount of weeds remained above 72% within one month after treatment,and decreased to 44.91% ～62.74%at 45 days,but the control effect on the total weight of weeds was as high as 72.33%～89.29%.In this study,bispyribac-sodium 20% SC appeared to be safe to use in direct-seeded rice fieldswith a yield increase of-2.70%～-10.81%.In conclusion,bispyribac-sodium 20% SC is an ideal herbicide for directseeded rice fields and its recommended dosage is 22.5～37.5 g a.i./ha.
In order to effectively controlweed damagein direct-seeded rice fields,we studied the efficacy,appropriate dosage and application safety of bispyribac-sodium 20% SC.The control targets in this study were annual weeds such as Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv.,Digitaria sanguinalis(L.)Scop.,Cyperus rotundus L.and Commelina communis L.in direct-seeded rice fields.The control effect of four concentrations of bispyribac-sodium 20% SC was tested with 10% SC as control,andits use safety and the rice yield increase were also tracked.The results showedthat bispyribac-sodium 20% SC was notably effective,which was superior to bispyribac-sodium 10% SC.The treatment effect of active ingredient 60 g/hawas significantly higher than that of the other three lower-concentration treatments.Efficacy on the total amount of weeds remained above 72% within one month after treatment,and decreased to 44.91% ～62.74%at 45 days,but the control effect on the total weight of weeds was as high as 72.33%～89.29%.In this study,bispyribac-sodium 20% SC appeared to be safe to use in direct-seeded rice fieldswith a yield increase of-2.70%～-10.81%.In conclusion,bispyribac-sodium 20% SC is an ideal herbicide for directseeded rice fields and its recommended dosage is 22.5～37.5 g a.i./ha.
引文
[1]彭凯灵,刘秀,周芸芸,等.双草醚防除直播稻田杂草研究进展[J].现代农业科技,2018(15):159-160.
[2]刘敬民,李万芳,石隆平,等.双草醚原药的高效液相色谱法研究[J].现代农药,2015,14(5):27-28,31.
[3]刘杰.使用除草剂为何先排水后回水[J].湖南农业,2014(11):30.
[4]刘树南,邹实,袁日桃,等.双草醚悬浮剂对直播稻田杂草防效及水稻产量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2014(14):30-32.
[5]陶龙兴,王熹.除草剂农美利的稻田除草效果及生理作用[J].农药学学报,1999,1(3):45-50.
[6]金声超.1.超高效、低毒、广谱性除草剂双草醚的合成研究2.带有多个羟基的非环状化合物及其金属配合物的合成研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2003.
[7]胡加如,张学友,金丽华,等.稻田杂草控制技术的发展与现状[J].南京农专学报,2001,17(4):32-35.
[8]周雪芳,许凌风,孙光忠,等.双草醚防除水稻直播田杂草的效果和养分的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(16):3945-3947.
[9]陆强,冯克强,吴长兴.双草醚防除免耕直播稻田杂草效果及安全性研究[J].杂草科学,2008,26(3):60-62.
[10]王修慧,陈忠平,程飞虎,等.不同除草剂防除粳稻田间杂草安全性分析及杂草防控策略[J].生物灾害科学,2016,39(1):32-38.
[11]黄元炬,朴德万,黄春艳,等.农美利防除水稻直播田李氏禾效果及安全性[J].杂草科学,2005,23(1):32-34.
[12]薛智华,张夕林,张谷丰,等.农美利防除水直播稻田杂草试验初报[J].杂草科学,1999,17(2):12-13.
[13]郑丽英,张益良,杨仁斌,等.双草醚对土壤呼吸作用及土壤酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(3):1117-1120.
[14]亢秀敏.可湿性粉剂与悬浮剂差异的探析[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,1999,10(2):156-157.
[15]马国兰,刘都才,刘雪源,等.不同除草剂对直播稻田杂草的防效及安全性评价[J].杂草科学,2014,32(1):91-95.
[16]余铮,邓莉立,谭显胜,等.20%双草醚可湿性粉剂对水稻直播田杂草的防除效果及安全性评价[J].杂草学报,2017,35(3):38-42.
[17]郭成林,覃建林,马永林,等.5种除草剂对芒稷、马唐的生物活性及对旱稻安全性评价[J].南方农业学报,2016,47(3):389-394.
[18]蒋易凡,陈国奇,董立尧.稻田马唐对稻田常用茎叶处理除草剂的抗性水平研究[J].杂草学报,2017,35(2):67-72.
[19]章扬武,罗文辉,胡道君,等.不同除草剂配方对直播稻田抗性杂草的防治效果研究[J].现代农业科技,2018(3):132,138.
[20]周加春,顾慧玲,孙星星,等.30%吡嘧·双草醚可湿性粉剂对水稻直播田一年生杂草的防效[J].大麦与谷类科学,2015(3):43-45.
[21]李静波,欧阳石先,郑伟,等.双草醚与吡嘧磺隆、灭草松、醚磺隆复配对早稻直播田一年生杂草的防效[J].杂草科学,2015,33(1):53-56,60.
[22]李爱国,黄奇,许莉,等.双草醚悬浮剂防除直播稻田杂草试验初报[J].湖南农业科学,2013(8):26-27.
[23]彭学岗.新型安全剂解决双草醚安全性问题[J].湖北植保,2012(1):61-62.
[24]朴德万,赵云和,黄元巨,等.双草醚防除直播稻田杂草试验[J].农药,2003,42(2):38-41.
[2]刘敬民,李万芳,石隆平,等.双草醚原药的高效液相色谱法研究[J].现代农药,2015,14(5):27-28,31.
[3]刘杰.使用除草剂为何先排水后回水[J].湖南农业,2014(11):30.
[4]刘树南,邹实,袁日桃,等.双草醚悬浮剂对直播稻田杂草防效及水稻产量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2014(14):30-32.
[5]陶龙兴,王熹.除草剂农美利的稻田除草效果及生理作用[J].农药学学报,1999,1(3):45-50.
[6]金声超.1.超高效、低毒、广谱性除草剂双草醚的合成研究2.带有多个羟基的非环状化合物及其金属配合物的合成研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2003.
[7]胡加如,张学友,金丽华,等.稻田杂草控制技术的发展与现状[J].南京农专学报,2001,17(4):32-35.
[8]周雪芳,许凌风,孙光忠,等.双草醚防除水稻直播田杂草的效果和养分的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(16):3945-3947.
[9]陆强,冯克强,吴长兴.双草醚防除免耕直播稻田杂草效果及安全性研究[J].杂草科学,2008,26(3):60-62.
[10]王修慧,陈忠平,程飞虎,等.不同除草剂防除粳稻田间杂草安全性分析及杂草防控策略[J].生物灾害科学,2016,39(1):32-38.
[11]黄元炬,朴德万,黄春艳,等.农美利防除水稻直播田李氏禾效果及安全性[J].杂草科学,2005,23(1):32-34.
[12]薛智华,张夕林,张谷丰,等.农美利防除水直播稻田杂草试验初报[J].杂草科学,1999,17(2):12-13.
[13]郑丽英,张益良,杨仁斌,等.双草醚对土壤呼吸作用及土壤酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(3):1117-1120.
[14]亢秀敏.可湿性粉剂与悬浮剂差异的探析[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,1999,10(2):156-157.
[15]马国兰,刘都才,刘雪源,等.不同除草剂对直播稻田杂草的防效及安全性评价[J].杂草科学,2014,32(1):91-95.
[16]余铮,邓莉立,谭显胜,等.20%双草醚可湿性粉剂对水稻直播田杂草的防除效果及安全性评价[J].杂草学报,2017,35(3):38-42.
[17]郭成林,覃建林,马永林,等.5种除草剂对芒稷、马唐的生物活性及对旱稻安全性评价[J].南方农业学报,2016,47(3):389-394.
[18]蒋易凡,陈国奇,董立尧.稻田马唐对稻田常用茎叶处理除草剂的抗性水平研究[J].杂草学报,2017,35(2):67-72.
[19]章扬武,罗文辉,胡道君,等.不同除草剂配方对直播稻田抗性杂草的防治效果研究[J].现代农业科技,2018(3):132,138.
[20]周加春,顾慧玲,孙星星,等.30%吡嘧·双草醚可湿性粉剂对水稻直播田一年生杂草的防效[J].大麦与谷类科学,2015(3):43-45.
[21]李静波,欧阳石先,郑伟,等.双草醚与吡嘧磺隆、灭草松、醚磺隆复配对早稻直播田一年生杂草的防效[J].杂草科学,2015,33(1):53-56,60.
[22]李爱国,黄奇,许莉,等.双草醚悬浮剂防除直播稻田杂草试验初报[J].湖南农业科学,2013(8):26-27.
[23]彭学岗.新型安全剂解决双草醚安全性问题[J].湖北植保,2012(1):61-62.
[24]朴德万,赵云和,黄元巨,等.双草醚防除直播稻田杂草试验[J].农药,2003,42(2):38-41.