陕西渭河流域红鹳科鸟类分布记录探讨
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摘要
自2005年以来,陕西省渭河流域出现的大红鹳(Phoenicopterus roseus)的野外记录备受鸟类学者关注。笔者考证了目前已报道的所有记录,以"羽色橘红,喙基至喙尖颜色为白-粉-黑,脚深红色"为据,认为2011年1月西安市的大红鹳记录是美洲大红鹳(Phoenicopterus ruber)逃逸个体的误判。2014年12月10日~2016年1月19日,西安市和宝鸡市的渭河流域共有4次大红鹳记录,共计6只幼鸟,1只成鸟。推测可能是中亚哈萨克斯坦等地种群南迁越冬个体游荡至渭河流域,居留型暂定为迷鸟。
Since 2005,several records of the great flamingo(Phoenicopterus roseus) reported in Weihe River,Shaanxi Province,which have drawn much attentions of Chinese ornithologists.Some researchers questioned the accuracy of these records before 2011.Based on its brilliant pinkish-orange plumage,pale-yellow base of the bill and bigger black spot at bill tip,the record of January 2011 in Xi'an was thought to be false identification of the Caribbean flamingo(Phoenicopterus ruber) which might have escaped from a zoo.In total,6 juveniles and 1 adult of the great flamingo(P.roseus) were recorded in Weihe River.Xi'an and Baoji City from December10,2014 to January 19,2016.A possible reason for the appearance of the great flamingo was the accidental migration of the West Asia population.Some subadults with less experience migrate over high mountains along the Junggar Basin between Mt.Tianshan and Mt.Altai when dropping off migrating population from Kazakhstan to South Asia.Passing Urumchi,Bomi of Xinjiang,Qinghai and Gansu,the young flamingo occurred accidently in Weihe Valley near Xi'an City,Shaanxi.Thus,the great flamingo was thought to be vagrant in Shaanxi.
Since 2005,several records of the great flamingo(Phoenicopterus roseus) reported in Weihe River,Shaanxi Province,which have drawn much attentions of Chinese ornithologists.Some researchers questioned the accuracy of these records before 2011.Based on its brilliant pinkish-orange plumage,pale-yellow base of the bill and bigger black spot at bill tip,the record of January 2011 in Xi'an was thought to be false identification of the Caribbean flamingo(Phoenicopterus ruber) which might have escaped from a zoo.In total,6 juveniles and 1 adult of the great flamingo(P.roseus) were recorded in Weihe River.Xi'an and Baoji City from December10,2014 to January 19,2016.A possible reason for the appearance of the great flamingo was the accidental migration of the West Asia population.Some subadults with less experience migrate over high mountains along the Junggar Basin between Mt.Tianshan and Mt.Altai when dropping off migrating population from Kazakhstan to South Asia.Passing Urumchi,Bomi of Xinjiang,Qinghai and Gansu,the young flamingo occurred accidently in Weihe Valley near Xi'an City,Shaanxi.Thus,the great flamingo was thought to be vagrant in Shaanxi.
引文
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[15]Espino-Barros R,Baldassarre G A.Numbers,migration chronology,and activity patterns,of nonbreeding Caribbean flamingos in Yucatan,Mexico[J].The Condor,1989,91:592-597.
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[2]郑光美.世界鸟类分类与分布名录[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:14.
[3]Johnson A,Cezilly F.The great flamingo[M].London:T&AD Poyser Ltd,2008:19-51.
[4]Ma Ming.Greater flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber and rufous-tailed scrub robin Cercotrichas galactotes:two new species for China[J].Forktail,1999,15:105-106.
[5]马鸣,林纪春,张赋华.中国鸟类一新纪录(鸟纲:红鹳目:红鹳科)[J].动物分类学报,2000,25(2):238-239.
[6]郑光美.中国鸟类分类与分布名录[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2011:19.
[7]约翰·马敬能,卡伦·菲利普斯,何芬奇.中国鸟类野外手册[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,2000:218.
[8]张毓,郑泽,宋晓英,等.青海可鲁克湖-托素湖发现大红鹳[J].动物学杂志,2014,49(3):383.
[9]封托,李枫,汪青雄,等.陕西省鸟类新纪录——大红鹳[J].四川动物,2010,29(6):891.
[10]武宝花.西安市鸟类群落结构及影响因素研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2011:16-53.
[11]大海.渭河宝鸡段首次发现火烈鸟[N].宝鸡日报,2016-01-19(A1).
[12]Knox A G,Collinson M,Helbig A J,et al.Taxonomic recommendations for British birds[J].Ibis,2002,144(4):707-710.
[13]Gill F,Donsker D.IOC World Bird List Ver.5.1[EB/OL].[2015-2-1].http://www.worldbirdnames.org/.
[14]朱磊,孙悦华,危骞.陕西省新纪录大红鹤实为美洲大红鹳[J].四川动物,2011,30(3):434.
[15]Espino-Barros R,Baldassarre G A.Numbers,migration chronology,and activity patterns,of nonbreeding Caribbean flamingos in Yucatan,Mexico[J].The Condor,1989,91:592-597.
[16]Zoological Society of San Diego Library.Caribbean flamingo,Phoenicoplerus ruber ruber September 2003[EB/OL].[2015-2-1].http://library.sandiegozoo.org/factsheets/caribbean-flamingo/flamingo,htm.