n-3/n-6长链多不饱和脂肪酸对大菱鲆幼鱼脂肪沉积、脂肪吸收及代谢相关酶活性和血清生化指标的影响
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摘要
为探讨饲料中不同n-3/n-6长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA)对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼生长性能及饲料利用、体组成和消化酶的影响,配制了6种不同n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA比值(29.54,D1组;23.04,D2组;18.97,D3组;9.06,D4组;6.86,D5组;3.87,D6组)的实验饲料。以大菱鲆幼鱼[(12.18?0.01)g]为研究对象,在循环水养殖系统中开展了为期56 d的养殖实验。结果显示,n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA对大菱鲆幼鱼的成活率(SR)无显著影响(P>0.05);增重率(WGR)随着n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA的降低呈先上升后下降趋势,D6组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);脂肪沉积率随着饲料中n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA的降低呈下降趋势,且D6组达到最小值,为14.80,显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。随着饲料中的变化,胰蛋白酶的活性呈先增强后减弱的趋势,且在D4组时达到最大值;脂肪酶活性呈上升趋势。随着饲料中n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA的变化,脂肪酸合成酶活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,最高值为D4组,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶的酶活呈先上升后下降的趋势,D3组为最大值,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。随着饲料中n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA的降低,谷草转氨酶呈先上升后下降的趋势;总蛋白、白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇均随着饲料n-3/n-6LC-PUFA的变化呈先上升后下降的趋势,均在D5组时达到最大值。研究表明,饲料中n-3/n-6LC-PUFA的比例降低会导致大菱鲆幼鱼的脂肪沉积率降低。
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted in a recirculated system to study the effect of dietary n-3/n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(LC-PUFA) ratios(29.54, D1; 23.04, D2; 18.97, D3; 9.06, D4; 6.86, D5; 3.87, D6) on growth performance, whole-body fatty acid composition, and serum biochemical indices in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus). Six diets were formulated to feed six groups of juvenile turbots [mean initial weight(12.18±0.01) g]. Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate groups of 35 fish per tank. There were no significant differences in the survival rate(SR) of turbot(P>0.05). With decreasing dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA ratios, the weight gain rate(WGR) first increased and then decreased. The WGR of the D6 group was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05). The lipid deposition rate(LR) reduced with decreasing dietary n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratios, and the D6 group achieved 14.80, which was significant lower than that of the other group(P<0.05). The trypsin content increased as the dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA level decreased from 29.54 to 9.06, and then decreased. Lipase increased with decreasing n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA. As the dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA level decreased, fatty acid synthetase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase first increased and then decreased. When the dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA level was 9.06, fatty acid synthetase levels were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05). Additionally, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05) when the dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA level was 18.97. Aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol first increased and then decreased with increasing dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA ratios. These results indicate that, with decreasing dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA ratios, resulting in reduced lipid deposition rate of juvenile turbot.
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted in a recirculated system to study the effect of dietary n-3/n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(LC-PUFA) ratios(29.54, D1; 23.04, D2; 18.97, D3; 9.06, D4; 6.86, D5; 3.87, D6) on growth performance, whole-body fatty acid composition, and serum biochemical indices in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus). Six diets were formulated to feed six groups of juvenile turbots [mean initial weight(12.18±0.01) g]. Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate groups of 35 fish per tank. There were no significant differences in the survival rate(SR) of turbot(P>0.05). With decreasing dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA ratios, the weight gain rate(WGR) first increased and then decreased. The WGR of the D6 group was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05). The lipid deposition rate(LR) reduced with decreasing dietary n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratios, and the D6 group achieved 14.80, which was significant lower than that of the other group(P<0.05). The trypsin content increased as the dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA level decreased from 29.54 to 9.06, and then decreased. Lipase increased with decreasing n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA. As the dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA level decreased, fatty acid synthetase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase first increased and then decreased. When the dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA level was 9.06, fatty acid synthetase levels were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05). Additionally, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05) when the dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA level was 18.97. Aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol first increased and then decreased with increasing dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA ratios. These results indicate that, with decreasing dietary n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA ratios, resulting in reduced lipid deposition rate of juvenile turbot.
引文
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Li X,Yang RB,Qian XQ,et al.Effect of dietary vegetable oils when fed to genetically improved farmed tilapia strain of Nile tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus.Acta Hydrobiological Sinica,2016,40(4):672-680[李新,杨瑞斌,钱雪桥,等.不同植物脂肪源对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、肌肉脂肪酸和生理生化指标的影响.水生生物学报,2016,40(4):672-680]
Ma JJ,Wang JY,Sun JZ,et al.Effect of dietary DHA to EPAratios on growth performance,body composition and serum physiological parameters in juvenile Platichthys stellatus.Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(2):244-256[马晶晶,王际英,孙建珍,等.饲料中DHA/EPA值对星斑川鲽幼鱼生长、体组成及血清生理指标的影响.水产学报,2014,38(2):244-256]
Ma JJ.Effect of dietary n-3 HUFA on growth performance and lipid metabolism in juvenile black sea bream,Sparus macrocephalus.Master?s Thesis of Zhejiang University,2008,9[马晶晶.n-3高不饱和脂肪酸对黑鲷幼鱼生长及脂肪代谢的影响.浙江大学硕士研究生学位论文,2008,9]
Mai KS.Aquatic animal nutrition and feedstuffs.ⅡEdition.Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2011[麦康森.水产动物营养与饲料学.2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2011]
Qi CL.Effects of LNA,ARA,DHA and EPA on the growth and immunity of juvenile pomfret.Master?s Thesis of Shanghai Ocean University,2016,28[戚常乐.LNA、ARA、DHA和EPA对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼生长及免疫影响的研究.上海海洋大学硕士研究生学位论文,2016,28]
Qiang J,Yang H,Wang H,et al.Studies on blood biochemical indices and expression of hepatic HSP70 m RNA of different tilapia strains artificially challenged with Sreptococcus iniae.Journal of Fisheries of China,2012,36(6):958-968[强俊,杨弘,王辉,等.海豚链球菌感染对不同品系罗非鱼血液生化指标和肝脏HSP70m RNA表达的影响.水产学报,2012,36(6):958-968]
Qu M,Li CE,Liu HC,et al.Effects of different dietary carbohydrate-to-lipid ratios on growth,body composition and digestive enzyme activities of Common carp(Cyprinus carpoio).Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2018,28(7):2069-2078[曲木,李长娥,刘宏超,等.饲料不同糖脂比对鲤鱼生长、体成分及消化酶活性的影响.动物营养学报,2016,28(7):2069-2078]
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Toussaint C,Fauconneau B,Médale F,et al.Description of the heterogeneity of lipid distribution in the flesh of brown trout(Salmo trutta)by MR imaging.Aquaculture,2005,243(1-4):255-267
Wang AM.Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth and fat metabolism of GIFT strain of Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus).Doctoral Dissertation of Nanjing University,2011,9[王爱民.饲料脂肪水平对吉富罗非鱼生长及脂肪代谢调节的研究.南京农业大学博士研究生学位论文,2011,9]
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Wang XL,Mai KS,Xu W,et al.Influence of dietary methionine on the activity of liver and plasma Glutamic-Pyruvic and glutamic oxalacetic transaminases of juvenile darkbarbel catfish(Pelteobagrus vachelli).Periodical of Ocean University of China(Natural Science),2015,46(9):49-53[王香丽,麦康森,徐玮,等.蛋氨酸对瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼肝脏及血浆中谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活力的影响.中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2015,46(9):49-53]
Watanabe YG.An organ culture study on the site of determination of ACTH and LH cells in the rat adenohypophysis.Cell and Tissue Research,1982,227(2):267-275
Xu HG.Effects of dietary fatty acids on growth performance,health and accumulation of lipids and fatty acids in juvenile Japanese seabass(Lateolabrax iaponicus).Doctoral Dissertation of Ocean University of China,2013,65[徐后国.饲料脂肪酸对鲈鱼幼鱼生长、健康及脂肪和脂肪酸累积的影响.中国海洋大学博士研究生学位论文,2013,65]
Xu YQ,Zhong M,Ding ZK.Influence and mechanism of poly unsaturated fatty acids on fish feed conversion ratio.Feed Industry,2010a,31(8):46-50[许友卿,钟鸣,丁兆坤.多不饱和脂肪酸对鱼饲料转化率的影响及其机理.饲料工业,2010a,31(8):46-50]
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