跑步荷载下大跨结构的竖向振动加速度反应谱研究
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摘要
采用无线测力鞋垫实测了24人次372条跑步荷载,计算了每条时程所对应的单自由度系统的加速度反应谱,取每位测试者所有的计算反应谱曲线的包络线为其代表谱线,在分析所有代表谱线特点的基础上提出了设计反应谱的形式及其数学表达式,包含六个部分:三个平台段以及它们之间的连接线。由试验数据的分析确定了不同阻尼比和保证率下各部分设计谱参数的取值,并讨论了结构跨度、跑步步距、高阶振型和边界条件对反应谱的影响,提出了不同谱代表值之间的转换关系。该文给出了设计反应谱的详细使用步骤并通过工程实例验证了其可行性。
This paper investigates the acceleration response spectrum approach for predicting dynamic responses of long-span structures due to individual running loading. The wireless in-insole was used to measure the individual running loads due to 372 records from 24 test subjects. Each record was applied to a single-degree-of-freedom system with various frequencies and damping ratios to determine its responses spectrum. The envelop curve of all responses spectra of records from the same subject was taken as his/her representative spectrum curve. Based on all the 24 representative curves, a design spectrum has been suggested, which comprises the first, second and third plateau and linear/exponential linking lines between each plateau. Spectrum parameters for different damping ratios and guarantee rates were determined based on the statistical analysis of experimental data. Furthermore, the effects of several factors on the spectrum were explored by numerical simulations and correction coefficients were accordingly developed, including floor span, multi-modes and boundary conditions. The exchange rules between different spectrum's predictions, e.g. peak value and root-mean-squares, were also established. Finally, a detailed application procedure of the spectrum approach was presented whose applicability and reliability have been validated by the comparisons with field measurements.
This paper investigates the acceleration response spectrum approach for predicting dynamic responses of long-span structures due to individual running loading. The wireless in-insole was used to measure the individual running loads due to 372 records from 24 test subjects. Each record was applied to a single-degree-of-freedom system with various frequencies and damping ratios to determine its responses spectrum. The envelop curve of all responses spectra of records from the same subject was taken as his/her representative spectrum curve. Based on all the 24 representative curves, a design spectrum has been suggested, which comprises the first, second and third plateau and linear/exponential linking lines between each plateau. Spectrum parameters for different damping ratios and guarantee rates were determined based on the statistical analysis of experimental data. Furthermore, the effects of several factors on the spectrum were explored by numerical simulations and correction coefficients were accordingly developed, including floor span, multi-modes and boundary conditions. The exchange rules between different spectrum's predictions, e.g. peak value and root-mean-squares, were also established. Finally, a detailed application procedure of the spectrum approach was presented whose applicability and reliability have been validated by the comparisons with field measurements.
引文
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[16]聂建国,陈宇,樊健生.步行荷载作用下单跨人行桥振动的均方根加速度反应谱法[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(9):109―116.Nie Jianguo,Chen Yu,Fan Jiansheng.RMS acceleration response spectrum method for single-span footbridges under pedestrian load[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(9):109―116.(in Chinese)
[17]宋志刚,金伟良.行走激励下大跨度楼盖振动的最大加速度响应谱方法[J].土木工程学报,2004,25(2):57―63.Song Zhigang,Jin Weiliang.Peak acceleration response spectrum of long span floor vibration by pedestrian excitation[J].Journal of Building Structures,2004,25(2):57―63.(in Chinese)
[18]陈隽,王磊,楼佳悦,徐若天,李果.单人Bounce荷载下楼盖结构加速度反应谱设计[J].振动与冲击,2015,24(5):14―19.Chen Jun,Wang Lei,Lou Jiayue,Xu Ruotian,Li Guo.Acceleration response spectrum for predicting floor vibration due to single human bounce load[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,24(5):14―19.(in Chinese)
[19]刘伟.大跨度张弦梁混凝土楼盖振动舒适度研究[D].上海:同济大学,2014.Liu Wei.Vibration serviceability of long-span concrete floor using beam string structural system[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2014.(in Chinese)
[2]樊健生,陈宇,聂建国.人行桥的TMD减振优化设计研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(9):133―140.Fan Jiansheng,Chen Yu,Nie Jianguo.Optimum design of tuned mass damper for footbridge[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(9):133―140.(in Chinese)
[3]胡凯.基于人行仿真的结构楼面舒适度分析研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(增刊):79―85.Hu Kai.Research on comfort analysis for structural floor under pedestrian load[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(Suppl):79―85.(in Chinese)
[4]?ivanovi?S,Pavic A,Reynolds P.Vibration serviceability of footbridges under human-induced excitation:a literature review[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,279(1):1―74.
[5]Jones C A,Reynolds P,Pavic A.Vibration serviceability of stadia structures subjected to dynamic crowd loads:A literature review[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2011,330(8):1531―1566.
[6]Ingólfsson E T,Georgakis C T,J?nsson J.Pedestrianinduced lateral vibrations of footbridges:A literature review[J].Engineering Structures,2012,45:21―52.
[7]袁旭斌.人行桥人致振动特性研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.Yuan Xubin.Research on pedestrian-induced vibration of footbridge[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.(in Chinese)
[8]刘振林.人群荷载对站厅大跨度楼盖的振动影响分析[D].北京:北京交通大学,2012.Liu Zhenlin.The impact analysis of crowd load upon the large span floor vibration of station hall[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2012.(in Chinese)
[9]Murray T M,Allen D E,Ungar E E.Floor vibration due to human activity[S].American Institute of Steel Construction,Design Guideline 11,1997.
[10]Concrete Society,Technical report 43.Post-tensioned concrete floors:design handbook[S].Surrey(UK):Concrete Society,2005.
[11]GB50010-2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB50010-2010,Code for design of concrete structure[S].Beijing:China Architecture Industry Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[12]Bachmann H,Pretlove A J,Rainer J H.Dynamic forces from rythmical human body motions,in:vibration problems in structures:practical guidelines[M].Birkh?user,Basel:1995[Appendix G].
[13]Rainer J H,Pernica G,Allen D E.Dynamic loading and response of footbridges[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,1988,15(1):66―71.
[14]Chopra A K.Dynamics of structures[M].New Jersey:Prentice Hall,1995.
[15]Ungar E E,Zapfe J A,Kemp J D.Prediction footfallinduced vibrations of floors[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2004,38(11):16―22.
[16]聂建国,陈宇,樊健生.步行荷载作用下单跨人行桥振动的均方根加速度反应谱法[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(9):109―116.Nie Jianguo,Chen Yu,Fan Jiansheng.RMS acceleration response spectrum method for single-span footbridges under pedestrian load[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(9):109―116.(in Chinese)
[17]宋志刚,金伟良.行走激励下大跨度楼盖振动的最大加速度响应谱方法[J].土木工程学报,2004,25(2):57―63.Song Zhigang,Jin Weiliang.Peak acceleration response spectrum of long span floor vibration by pedestrian excitation[J].Journal of Building Structures,2004,25(2):57―63.(in Chinese)
[18]陈隽,王磊,楼佳悦,徐若天,李果.单人Bounce荷载下楼盖结构加速度反应谱设计[J].振动与冲击,2015,24(5):14―19.Chen Jun,Wang Lei,Lou Jiayue,Xu Ruotian,Li Guo.Acceleration response spectrum for predicting floor vibration due to single human bounce load[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,24(5):14―19.(in Chinese)
[19]刘伟.大跨度张弦梁混凝土楼盖振动舒适度研究[D].上海:同济大学,2014.Liu Wei.Vibration serviceability of long-span concrete floor using beam string structural system[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2014.(in Chinese)